In the News…….

1 out of 5 children received a

sexual solicitation or approach
over the Internet in a one-year
period of time (
www.missingchildren.com)

California warns of massive ID

theft – personal data stolen from
computers at University of
California, Berkeley (Oct 21, 2004
IDG news service)

Microsoft and Cisco announced a

new initiative to work together to
increase internet security
(Oct 18, 2004 www.cnetnews.com
)
 The New Wild Wild West
More cyber criminals than
cyber cops
Criminals feel “safe”
committing crimes from the
privacy of their own homes
Brand new challenges
facing law enforcement
 Most not trained in the
technologies
 Internet crimes span multiple
jurisdictions
 Need to retrofit new crimes
to existing laws
Zombie
 Computer Crime
Computer used to commit
a crime
 Child porn, threatening
email, assuming someone’s
identity, sexual harassment,
defamation, spam, phishing

Computer as a target of a
crime
 Viruses, worms, industrial
espionage, software piracy,
hacking
 Computer Forensics
What is it?
 an autopsy of a computer or network to
uncover digital evidence of a crime
 Evidence must be preserved and hold up in a
court of law

Growing field – Many becoming computer

forensic savvy
 FBI, State and Local Police, IRS, Homeland
Security
 Defense attorneys, judges and prosecutors
 Independent security agencies
 White hat or Ethical Hackers
 Programs offered at major universities such
as URI
http://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/cf
 Uncovering Digital Evidence
Smart Criminals don’t use their
own computers

Floppy disks
Zip/Jazz disks
Tapes
Digital cameras
Memory sticks
Printers
CDs
PDAs
Game boxes
Networks
Hard drives
 Digital Evidence
Not obvious…….it’s most likely hidden on purpose
or needs to be unearthed by forensics experts

Criminals Hide Evidence Forensics Uncover Evidence

Delete their files and emails Restore deleted files and emails –
they are still really there!

Find the hidden files through

Hide their files by encryption, complex password, encryption
password protection, or programs, and searching
embedding them in unrelated techniques
files (dll, os etc)

Use Wi-Fi networks and cyber Track them down through the
cafes to cover their tracks digital trail - IP addresses to ISPs
to the offender
 The Crime Scene
(with Computer Forensics)
Similar to traditional crime scenes

 Must acquire the evidence while

preserving the integrity of the evidence
No damage during collection,
transportation, or storage
Document everything
Collect everything the first time
 Establish a chain of custody

But also different…….

 Can perform analysis of evidence on

exact copy!
 Make many copies and investigate
them without touching original
 Can use time stamping/hash code
techniques to prove evidence hasn’t
been compromised
Top Cyber Crimes that Attack
Business
Spam
Viruses/Worms
Industrial Espionage and Hackers
Wi-Fi High Jacking
 Spam
“Spam accounts for 9 out of every 10
emails in the United States.”
MessageLabs, Inc., an email management
and security company based in New
York.

“We do not object to the use of this slang

term to describe UCE (unsolicited
commercial email), although we do
object to the use of the word “spam” as
a trademark and the use of our product
image in association with that term”
www.hormel.com
 Can-Spam Act of 2003
Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing
Act (Can-Spam)
Signed into law by President Bush on Dec 16, 2003
 Took effect Jan 1, 2004

Unsolicited commercial email must:


Be labeled
 Include Opt-Out instructions
 No false headers

FTC is authorized (but not required) to establish a “do-not-email”

registry

www.spamlaws.com –lists all the latest in federal, state, and

international laws
 Spam is Hostile
You pay for Spam, not Spammers
 Email costs are paid by email
recipients
Spam can be dangerous
 Never click on the opt-out link!
May take you to hostile web site
where mouse-over downloads
an .exe
 Tells spammers they found a
working address
 They won’t take you off the list
anyway
What should you do?
 Filter it out whenever possible
 Keep filters up to date
 If you get it, just delete the email
 Viruses and Worms
Different types of “ailments”
Viruses
 software that piggybacks on
other software and runs when
you run something else
 Macro in excel, word
Transmitted through sharing
programs on bulletin boards
Passing around floppy disks
 An .exe, .com file in your email
Worms
 software that uses computer
networks to find security holes to
get in to your computer – usually
in Microsoft OS!! But worm for
MAC was recently written
 Hackers are Everywhere
Stealing data
 Industrial Espionage
 Identity theft
 Defamation
Deleting data for fun
 A lot of bored 16 year olds late at
night Mafia Boy
Turning computers into zombies
 To commit crimes
 Take down networks
 Distribute porn
 Harass someone
Ethical/white hat hackers exist too
 Help break into networks to
prevent crimes
 Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi)
Using antennas to create “hot spots”
Hotspots – Internet Access (sometimes free)
 Newport Harbor - All the boats in Harbor have internet access
 San Francisco Giants Stadium – Surf the web while catching a game
 UMass (need to register, but it’s free)
 Cambridge, MA
 Philadelphia, PA – just announced – entire city by 2006
 Wi-Fi High Jacking
60-70% wireless networks are wide open

Why are the Wi-Fi networks unprotected?

 Most people say “Our data is boring”
 But… criminals look for wireless networks to commit their crimes
 And… the authorities will come knocking on your door…..
 Protect your Computers!
Use anti-virus software and Don't share access to your
firewalls - keep them up to date computers with strangers

Keep your operating system up to If you have a wi-fi network,

date with critical security updates password protect it
and patches

Disconnect from the Internet when

Don't open emails or attachments not in use
from unknown sources

Reevaluate your security on a

Use hard-to-guess passwords. regular basis
Don’t use words found in a
dictionary. Remember that
password cracking tools exist Make sure your employees and
family members know this info
too!
Back-up your computer data on
disks or CDs often
Thank you!
 Web sites of Interest
http://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/cf
www.missingchildren.com
www.spamlaws.com
www.netsmartz.org
http://www.ifccfbi.gov - operation web snare – latest
cyber crimes to be aware of
http://www.dcfl.gov/dc3/home.htm
http://www.cops.org/