2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public IPv6 & Packet Tracer 1

IPv6 and Packet
Tracer
Jim Bergquist [email protected]
Lakes Country Service Cooperative
Karen Alderson [email protected]
Networking Academy Technical Advocacy

IPv6 & Packet Tracer 2 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Purpose of This Session
Scope of this session
Topics sufficient to give students and instructors a basic
knowledge of how IPv6 works
Demos, with Packet Tracer files and lab activities
Links to resources that cover more IPv6 topics
To provide a working knowledge to instructors and
students for building and troubleshooting simple IPv6
networks
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Visualizing the
IPv6 Address
Space
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Earth drawing credit: http://flickr.com/photos/ontdesign/
http://search.creativecommons.org/
Visualizing the IPv6 Address Space
Assign one IPv6 address
per grain of sand
How many grains of
sand would be needed to
use all IPv6 addresses?
Fill Earth-sized
containers with the sand
128 bit addresses
2
128
is a very large number
Fill here
Hollow
Earth-sized
container
IPv6 address
2009:1:3:4EFF:2C:16BA:3D:B012/112
Sand
Grain
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Visualizing the IPv6 Address Space
The Earth-sized containers would make 20 circles around
the outer orbit of our solar system (Pluto)

Our Solar
System

Blue dots
are Earth-
sized
containers
Based on image from
public image gallery at
http://www.eso.org/
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IPv6 Address
Format and Types
of Addresses
More information is available in the referenced resources
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What IPv6 Addresses Look Like
128 bits are separated into eight blocks of 16 bits
Each 16-bit block is represented in hex and delimited
with colons:
2001:00D3:0000:2F00:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A
In each 16-bit block, leading zeros may be removed:
2001:00D3:0000:2F00:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A
2001:D3:0:2F00:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A
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Zero Compression (or Shortform)
Consecutive 16-bit blocks of zeroes can be replaced
with a double-colon (::)
FE80:0:0:0:2AA:FF:FE9A:4CA2 can be compressed to
FE80::2AA:FF:FE9A:4CA2
The multicast address FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 can be
compressed to FF02::2
Zero compression can only be used once in a given
address
Otherwise, you could not determine the number of 0
bits represented by each double-colon instance
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Teaching Tip
If students have trouble seeing why only one double
colon is allowed, give them an example of what would
happen if you allowed it. The following two addresses
could both be shortened to the third address, so there
would be ambiguity
2001:0:0:0:355:0:0:7
2001:0:0:355:0:0:0:7
2001::355::7 NOT ALLOWED
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 10 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Address Prefix Length
An address prefix is indicated by the prefix length
following a / at the end of the address.
Example:
2001:DB8:0:2F00:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A/64
The prefix length (number of upper bits) is 64
This means the lower 64 bits are used for hosts
It is used the same way as CIDR in IPv4
Subnet masks are not used in IPv6
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 11 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Teaching Tips
To remove the mystery from numbers like B and D3A
To see why 32 hex digits represents 128 binary bits
To understand where the network and host portion are,
using a classless designation, /
To understand how stateless autoconfiguration is done
Why emphasize hexadecimal and hex-to-binary conversion?
Fortunately, hex-to-binary conversion is easy

Consider having students memorize the binary equivalent
of the 16 hex digits
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 12 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Fun Teaching Facts
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) will
allocate from 2001::/16 for the time being
http://www.zytrax.com/tech/protocols/ipv6.html#global
Addresses within 2001:db8::/32 are non-routable and
should be used in examples given in documentation for
networking scenarios or tutorials
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6
Windows 7 Server, when it is released, will have
powerful VPN capabilities. IPv6 needs to be deployed
http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=view
ArticleBasic&articleId=9118322
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Types of IPv6 Addresses
Unicast (one to one)
Multicast (one to many)
Anycast (one to nearest, according to a metric)
No broadcasts in IPv6
Unicast addresses will be used in this session
See additional resources for other definitions
See a description of address types

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Unicast IPv6 Addresses
Differentiated by their scope, as follows:
Link-local addressesonly on single link, not routed
FE80 prefix
Unique-local addressesrouted only within private
network
FC00 prefix
Global unicast addressesglobally routable
2001 prefix currently being issued
Global addresses use a 64 bit host portion
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IPv6 Address
Assignment
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IPv6 Address Assignment
Manually (static)
Stateless auto-configuration
IPv6 dhcp (Stateful autoconfiguration)
Link-local addresses are configured automatically
No arp in IPv6. It is replaced by Neighbor Discovery (ND)
Addresses can be assigned in these ways
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IPv6 Stateless Autoconfiguration
1. Host automatically configures its own link-local
address
2. With link-local address, a host discovers
connected routers to obtain a global prefix
3. A host then builds its own global unicast address
See the provided Activity:
Build an IPv6 EUI-64 address.doc
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Stateless Autoconfiguration
DHCPv6 is not required
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Router(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
Router(config)#int fa0/1
Router(config-if)#ipv6 addr 2001:db8::/64 eui-64
Router(config-if)#ipv6 enable
Router(config-if)#no shut
Stateless Autoconfiguration
Only the network part of the address is supplied
in the ipv6 address command
Because 2001:db8:: ends with ::, it is not an address.
The rest of the address is supplied by the eui-64 process.
eui stands for extended unique identifier
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Stateless Autoconfiguration
Routers fa0/1 interface generates its link-local
address and global unicast address

Router#sho ipv6 int bri
FastEthernet0/0 [administratively down/down]
FastEthernet0/1 [up/up]
FE80::201:42FF:FE44:3C02
2001:DB8::201:42FF:FE44:3C02
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Stateless Autoconfiguration
On PCs Config tab, go to Global Settings and select
Auto Config button to acquire Gateway address.
Note: It is the link-local address of the routers fa0/1
(It begins with FE80)

Packet Tracer PCs support this
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Stateless Autoconfiguration
Select FastEthernet to check if it is set to Auto Config, and
has its link-local address and an EUI address.

Packet Tracer PC
Packet Tracer PC line command to obtain both interface
and default gateway addresses:
PC> ipv6config autoconfig
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 23 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Commands for Students to Compare
show ip interface brief show ipv6 interface brief
show ip route show ipv6 route
show ip protocols show ipv6 protocols

Differences in RIP and IPv6 RIP (RIPng)
(see example in this presentation)

Differences in OSPF and IPv6 OSPF (OSPFv3)
(see example in this presentation)

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Ping Command for IPv6
In Cisco routers, it is ping
In Packet Tracer routers, it is ping
In Packet Tracer PCs, it is ping
In Windows XP, it is ping6


Note:
With PT PCs, if you type an IPv6 address incorrectly, for
example with a semicolon, ping will become unresponsive

Windows XP will report Host not found
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 25 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Packet Tracer ipv6config Command
Used in Packet Tracer PCs. Similar to ipconfig

In Windows XP:
C:\ ipv6 install install the protocol stack
C:\ ipconfig display IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
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Demo: IPv6 RIP
(RIPng)
RIPng (Next Generation) is a name used to describe IPv6 RIP
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Connectivity Using IPv6 RIP

Static addresses are used between routers.
Stateless autoconfiguration is used for hosts.
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Global Commands
ipv6 unicast-routing
(enable IPv6)
ipv6 router rip CIRCUS
(define a process called CIRCUS)

Configure IPv6 RIP on each router
Note: The global command
ipv6 router rip CIRCUS
will be automatically configured by the router when
IPv6 RIP is configured on an interface (next slide)

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Interface Commands- Static Address
ipv6 enable
ipv6 addr FC00:2::1/112
ipv6 rip CIRCUS enable
no shut


Note: The IPv4 RIP global network command is not used
with IPv6 RIP

Configure interconnecting interfaces on the two routers
(example, on fa0/0 of Router1)
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 30 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Interface Commands- Auto Config
ipv6 enable
ipv6 addr FC00:3::/64 eui-64
ipv6 rip CIRCUS enable
no shut

Note: Ensure that the PCs are set for Auto Config in the
Config Tab
Note: The process name CIRCUS is user-defined and is
local to the router. You can use a different process name
on a neighboring router
Configure the router LAN interfaces and the PCs with Auto
Config (example, on fa0/1 of Router1)
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 31 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Ping from PC1 to PC0
Note: The colon, : following the address is merely part
of the ping output
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Demo or Lab:
IPv6 OSPF
(OSPFv3)
Packet Tracer files and labs are included with the conference
materials
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Configuring OSPF for IPv6
Based on CCNP- BSI Lab 8-1
Ping
Here
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Enable IPv6 Routing
R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
A global command
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Configure Loopback Addresses
R1(config)# interface loopback0
R1(config-if)# ip address 10.1.1.1
255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)# ipv6 address FC00::1:1/112
Needed for OSPFv3
Note: Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are needed on the
Loopback interfaces
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 36 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Configure Serial Addresses
R1(config)# interface serial0/0/0
R1(config-if)# ipv6 address FC00::12:1/112
R1(config-if)# clockrate 64000
R1(config-if)# no shutdown

Use static addressing
Note: The ipv6 enable command is unnecessary if
you configure an address on an interface
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 37 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Configure EUI addresses
R2(config)# interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)# ipv6 address FC00:23::/64 eui-64
R2(config-if)# no shutdown

Configure the router FastEthernet interfaces
Note: Stateless Autoconfiguration works between
two routers or between a router and a host
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 38 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Enable OSPFv3
R2(config)#interface loopback0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R2(config-if)#interface fastethernet0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
Enable on all interfaces, including Loopback
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 39 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Verify the Configuration
From host PC0
PC>ping FC00::12:1
From router R1
R1#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
R1#show ipv6 route
R1#show ipv6 ospf interface
R1#show ipv6 protocol
R1#show ipv6 ospf database
R1#show run
Use these commands to verify the configuration and to
examine tables
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 40 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
ICMPv6 Packet
Type Numbers

You can look at packet details with Packet Tracer
Also see included Activity:
Comparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packet Type numbers.doc
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Some ICMPv6 Type Numbers
Router Advertisement
(Neighbor Discovery)- 134
Specific to IPv6
Sent periodically to neighbors
v6 Echo Request (ping)- 128
Compare with v4: Type 8
v6 Echo Reply (ping)- 129
Compare with v4: Type 0
Activity: Use Packet Tracer in Simulation mode
Click a packet to see type number
Type 134
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Broken Network
Example
Lets fix it!
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This Network has a Problem
Uses IPv6 RIP
Static IPv6 addresses between routers
Stateless autoconfiguration for hosts
What IPv6 address is assigned to each PC?
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This Network has a Problem
A. sho ipv6 protocol on Routers 1 and 2
B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 1 and 2
C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 1 and 2
D. ping from PC1 to PC0 in
Simulation mode
Problem is in Router1 or Router2

What do you think we should do
first?
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 45 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
This Network has a Problem
What should we do next?
A. sho run on Routers 1 and 2
B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 1 and 2
C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 1 and 2
D. sho ipv6 rip database on Routers 1 and 2
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 46 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
This Network has a Problem
Which of these is the problem?
A. Missing RIP enable command on an interface
B. Missing IPv6 address on a serial interface
C. ipv6 rip is not enabled globally on a router
D. Clock not set on a serial DCE interface
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Another Broken
Network
Example
Lets fix this one, too!
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This Network has a Problem
Problem is in Router0 or Router1
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This Network has a Problem
A. sho ipv6 protocol on Routers 0 and 1
B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 0 and 1
C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 0 and 1
D. ping from PC1 to PC0 in Simulation mode
What should we do first?
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 50 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
This Network has a Problem
What should we do next?
A. sho run on Routers 0 and 1
B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 0 and 1
C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 0 and 1
D. sho ipv6 rip database on Routers 0 and 1
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 51 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
This Network has a Problem
Which of these is the problem?
A. Missing ipv6 rip CIRCUS enable command
on an interface
B. Missing IPv6 address on an interface
C. ipv6 rip is not enabled globally on a router
D. Interface is shut down
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 52 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Now You Can
Configure a
Network
Use your knowledge to create a working network
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Configure this Network in Packet Tracer
Routers and hosts need to be configured
Use the suggested networks, and IPv6 RIP
DCE
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What You Can Do
To Help
Contribute your work
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 55 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Share Your Packet Tracer Files and
Activities
Login to http://cisco.netacad.net >> Instructor Home
Page >> Forums and Chat
In Instructor Community, click Packet Tracer
If you have a Packet Tracer file (.pkt), click Discuss
Best Practices
Best Practices for teaching and using PT in the classroom
If you have a Packet Tracer Activity (.pka), click Activity
Wizard
Author and share activities within your postings
Add a Discussion, describe your Packet Tracer file or
Activity and attach it
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 56 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Communicating
Between IPv4
and IPv6
One example of several technologies
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 57 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
1
Scott Hogg , Network World , 09/05/2007
http://www.networkworld.com/news/tech/2007/090507-tech-uodate.html
Communicating Between Protocols
Students will ask Can you communicate between
IPv4 and IPv6 networks?
Dual Stack (dual OSI stack)
Dual stack where you can; tunnel where you must.
1

Tunneling
See CCNP- BSI, Labs 8.2 and 8.3
Note: PT Routers do not have the tunnel command
Address Translation
Address translation may not become widely used
1

IPv6 & Packet Tracer 58 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Dual Stack Example
Dual stack means configuring IPv4 and IPv6 on at least
one router interface
No special router commands needed
Works on any router that supports IPv6
Main tasks:
Configure IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses
on appropriate interfaces
Enable RIP and IPv6 RIP routing protocols (or OSPF and OSPFv3)
Note: The routing tables are separate
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 59 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Dual Stack
Example
IPv4 host can ping
IPv4 host

IPv6 host can ping
IPv6 host
Dual stack
implemented
here
IPv4 and IPv6 host
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 60 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv4 Routing Table, Router0
Router0#sho ip route

<output omitted>

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly
connected, FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via
192.168.2.1, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly
connected, FastEthernet0/1

IPv6 & Packet Tracer 61 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IPv6 Routing Table, Router0
Router0#sho ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 6 entries

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
R 2009:1:1::/64 [120/1]
via FE80::230:F2FF:FE0D:A6CE, Serial0/0/0
C 2009:1:3::/64 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/1
L 2009:1:3:0:20A:41FF:FE5C:E602/128 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/1
C FC00:2::/112 [0/0]
via ::, Serial0/0/0
L FC00:2::2/128 [0/0]
via ::, Serial0/0/0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
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Ping from PC0 to the IPv4 PC (PC1)
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Ping from PC0 to the IPv6 PC (PC2)


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Q and A

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List of Activities
and Provided
Worksheets
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List of Included Activities
Stateless Autoconfiguration
Stateless Autoconfig.pkt
Build an IPv6 EUI-64 Address.doc (A separate activity)
IPv6 RIP
IPv6 RIP.pkt
IPv6 OSPF
IPv6 OSPF CCNP Lab 8-1.pkt
Comparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packets
Comparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packet types.doc
Comparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packet types_ANSWERS.doc
ICMPv4 ICMPv6 packets.pkt

Packet Tracer files accompany most Activities
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List of Included Activities
Broken Networks
3 Router-IPv6 RIP-broken1.pkt
IPv6 RIP-broken2.pkt
Unconfigured Network
Unconfigured.pkt (Configured.pkt included for reference)
Dual Stack
Dual stack-both IPv6 and IPv4.pkt
Upgrade IOS for PT 2620XM to support IPv6
Upgrading IOS of Packet Tracer 2620XM router.doc
Upgrading IOS of Packet Tracer 2620XM router_ANSWERS.doc
No pkt file
Packet Tracer files accompany most Activities
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Links to Additional
Information
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Topics Covered in Other Resources
Why IPv6, and why not NAT?
Time frame for implementation
Details of the parts of the address
Special addresses
Type and scope of addresses
Details of packet header
See the links to resources and additional information
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Topics Covered in Other Resources
Neighbor discovery
IPv6 ACLs
Security with IPv6
Mobility with IPv6
IPv4 to IPv6 migration: dual stack, tunneling, translation
Current deployment status of IPv6
Some IPv6 sites on internet
See the links to resources and additional information
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Additional Information
Deploying IPv6 Networks, Ciprian Popoviciu, Eric Levy-
Abegnoli, Patrick Grosstete, Cisco Press (go to)
Guide to IPv6 concepts, service implementation, and interoperability
Cisco Self-Study: Implementing Cisco IPv6 Networks,
Regis Desmeules, Cisco Press (go to)
Design, build, configure, and support IPv6 networks
Configuring IPv6 for Cisco IOS, Sam Brown, Eric Knipp, et
al, Callisma (go to)
Everything you need to monitor and troubleshoot IPv6 networks

Books and Google Books
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Additional Information
Running IPv6, Iljitsch van Beijnum (go to)
How to install and operate IPv6 for Windows, Linux, Mac OS
IPv6: Theory, Protocol and Practice, Peter Loshin (go to)
Guide to implementation and deployment of IPv6
IPv6 Advanced Protocols Implementation, Qing Li,
Tatuya Jinmei, Keiichi Shima (go to)
Advanced IPv6 implementation of routing, multicasting, DHCPv6,
DNS, security, mobility



Books and Google Books
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Additional Information
Introduction to IPv6 Why IPv6? (go to)
Overview and In-depth sections
Introduction to IPv6 (go to)
Technology information, Design and Configuration Guides
Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference (go to)
Excellent source for learning and troubleshooting
Cisco IPv6 Quick Start Trial (go to)
A how-to, using equipment
List of RFCs for IPv6 (go to)
Useful for understanding Cisco IPv6 implementations
IPv6 documentation at cisco.com
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Additional Information
Cisco IOS IPv6 Configuration Library (go to)
Guides for implementing many IPv6 functions and protocols
IPv6 Tunneling (go to)
Describes many different tunneling protocols
Tunneling IPv6 through an IPv4 Network (go to)
Five-router example with configurations
ICMPv6 Packet Types and Codes TechNote (go to)
All of the types and codes for ICMPv6 packets

IPv6 documentation at cisco.com
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Additional Information
IPv6 (go to)
General IPv6 information, FAQ, links
go6, (The IPv6 portal) (go to)
Upcoming events, blog, wiki, newsletter, member area
IPv6 Task Force (The IPv6 Portal) (go to)
Introduction, news, pressroom, RSS, IPv6 Guide, and Portal
The IPv6 Forum (go to)
Events, news, book recommendations, government news,
competitions, and an IPv4 Exhaustion Counter!

Portals, Forums, information sites
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Additional Information
IETF RFC repository (go to)
Find an RFC if you know its number
networksorcery.com list of IPv6 RFCs (go to)
Excellent searchable list, including obsoleted RFCs
Microsoft IPv6 implementation (go to)
RFCs used to implement IPv6 in Windows 2003 Server and XP
RFC 2460 IPv6 Specification (1998)
RFC 4291- IPv6 Addressing Architecture (2006)
RFC 2462- IPv6 Stateless Autoconfiguration (1998)


Useful RFCs and lists
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Additional Information
IPv6 Deployment Guide (go to)
Detailed and indexed, 14 chapters
IPv6 Concepts from Cisco Networkers 2006 (go to)
Still useful information
IPv6-Intro.ppt and IPv6-Using_in_the_Network.ppt
Including Lesson Plans for each. At Academy Connection, click
File Sharing, use keyword ipv6
Online resources
IPv6 & Packet Tracer 78 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Additional Information and a Thank You
IPv6 cheat sheet (go to)
Address ranges, ICMPv6 type numbers, header structure, more
Technical Facts at European IPv6 Task Force (go to)
Brief summary of key information. See RFC2460 for full specs.
A big thank you to Dallas Shiroma, manager of
Emerging Technologies, Pacific Center for Advanced
Technology Training, Honolulu, HI, for permission to
use of some slides in this session
Online resources
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FAQ Area
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Where is IPv6 covered in Exploration?
Network Fundamentals
6.3.6
Routing Protocols and Concepts
1.1.3, 3.1.1, 5.1.1, 10.2.3, 11.1.1, 11.7.1
LAN Switching and Wireless
no coverage
Accessing the WAN
7.0.1, 7.3, 7.5.1
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Where is IPv6 covered in Discovery?
Networking for Home and Small Businesses
No coverage
Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP
4.1.6
Introducing Routing and Switching in the Enterprise
5.2.1
Designing and Supporting Computer Networks
6.3
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What are the IPv6 Goal Areas in the
CCNA Certification Exam?
Use the Cisco Learning Network (go to)
Find CCNA Exam Topics (login required). IPv6 topics are:
Describe the technological requirements for running IPv6 in
conjunction with IPv4 (including: protocols, dual stack, tunneling,
etc)
Describe IPv6 addresses

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Where is IPv6 covered in CCNP?
CCNP: Building Scalable Internetworks
Module 8: IPv6
8.1 Explaining IPv6
8.2 IPv6 Addressing
8.3 Dynamic IPv6 Addresses
8.4 IPv6 Routing
8.5 Implementing and Verifying OSPFv3
8.6 Using IPv6 and IPv4
8.7 IPv6 Challenge Labs
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What are the IPv6 Goal Areas in the
CCNP Certification Exams?
Use the Cisco Learning Network (go to)
Find CCNP Exam Topics (login required). IPv6 topics are:
BSCI Exam:
Describe IPv6 addressing operations
Describe IPv6 interoperation with IPv4
Describe, configure or verify OSPF routing with IPv6 addressing
BCMSN Exam: None explicitly listed
ISCW Exam: None explicitly listed
ONT Exam: None explicitly listed


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How can I keep all the IPv6 addressing
rules straight?
Hosts should have globally routable addresses created
with stateless autoconfiguration
Use 2001 prefix
Use /64 eui-64 to create them
Serial links between routers should not use globally
routable addresses
Use FC00 prefix and static addressing
Use a prefix length /64
However, the prefix length could also be, for example, /112
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More about Stateless Autoconfiguration:
eui-64 process
Cisco uses the EUI-64 process to perform
stateless auto-configuration
EUI stands for extended unique identifier
This process expands the 48 bit MAC address to 64 bits
by inserting FFFE (16 bits)
If the chosen address is from a unique Ethernet MAC
address, the universal / local (u bit) is set to 1 for global
scope
Other interfaces, such as serial (no MAC address), use a
different method to build the address and have the u bit
set to 0 for local scope
See http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2374.txt and http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2373.html
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More about Stateless Autoconfiguration:
IPv6 Interface Identifier
Uses MAC Address
00
90 27 FF FE 17 FC 0F
FF FE
00 90 27 17 FC 0F
00 90 27 17 FC 0F
000000U0 Where U=
1 = Unique
0 = Not Unique
02
90 27
FF FE
17 FC 0F
U = 1
48 bit MAC Address
64 bits become part
of IPv6 address
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What is subnetting like in IPv6?
Sixteen subnet bits, from /49 to /64 are given to a
site
With the 16 subnet bits, a company can have
65,535 LANs

A similar concept, but many bits available
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Does BGP Support IPv6?
The current version of BGP is BGP4
BGP4 does support IPv6
See http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-idr-bgp4-ipv6-01
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Teaching Tips
Routers will accept more than one IPv6 address on an
interface. An error is generated only if a network overlaps
with another one on the router
Students may make typos and enter an erroneous
address, then forget to remove it
Ask students to use the show ipv6 interface brief
command frequently to check for this
Unless you need IPv4 configured on an interface, use
only IPv6 in your initial examples so students clearly see
what protocol is allowing traffic to move
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What IOS do I need to run IPv6?
You need 12.0(21)T, or later, or 12.2(2)T or later
Not all functionality is included in these releases
Example: 12.3(2)T does not support IPv6 DHCP
To find out when a command was introduced, see the
Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference (go to). Locate the
command. The listing will show when it was introduced
Also see Cisco IOS Software Release Specifics for IPv6
Features (go to)
The Packet Tracer 2620XM router does not support IPv6
unless you upgrade the IOS image
See the Activity included with this session: Upgrading IOS of
Packet Tracer 2620XM router.doc
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One Interface, Several Addresses
Router#show run (part of output)
ipv6 unicast-routing

interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
ipv6 address 2001:1:1::/64 eui-64
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2::1/112
ipv6 address FC00:1:3::1/112
ipv6 address FC00:1:4::1/112
Example, of IPv4 address and four IPv6 addresses, in
addition to link-local address (not shown)
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How well does Packet Tracer 5.1 Handle
IPv6?
Packet Tracer Issues
When creating a new network, if IPv6 RIP routing
does not work, save the file, close and open PT
Static IPv6 assignments may not work reliably with
hosts. They may be lost when PT file is re-opened.
Use stateless autoconfiguration for all router
interfaces to hosts
A few issues
If you discover one, please report it
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Tunneling Conceptual Diagram
Islands of IPv6 can communicate through the
more common IPv4 cloud
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Tunneling Conceptual Diagram
IPv6 packet can be encapsulated in an IPv4 packet
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IPv4 / IPv6 Translation
Translates packet headers from IPv6 to IPv4 (or
vice versa)
Translates the addresses in the headers from IPv6
to IPv4 (or vice versa)
Implementation is more complex than this
See, for example,
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/behave-5.pdf

IPv4
Network
IPv6
Network
IP and ICMP
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