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    Introduction To Computer Networks

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    ankit_coolhead
    Computer networks connect two or more computers together to share resources and information. Networks can be LANs covering a small area like a building, MANs covering a city, or WANs covering large geographic areas like countries. Common network topologies include bus, star, ring, and mesh. Key network components include physical media to transmit data, interconnecting devices like switches and routers, client computers accessing services, networking software, and applications like email, websites, and video conferencing that users interact with.

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    Introduction To Computer Networks

    Uploaded by

    ankit_coolhead
    2K views14 pages
    Computer networks connect two or more computers together to share resources and information. Networks can be LANs covering a small area like a building, MANs covering a city, or WANs covering large geographic areas like countries. Common network topologies include bus, star, ring, and mesh. Key network components include physical media to transmit data, interconnecting devices like switches and routers, client computers accessing services, networking software, and applications like email, websites, and video conferencing that users interact with.

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    Computer Networks

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    Computer networks connect two or more computers together to share resources and information. Networks can be LANs covering a small area like a building, MANs covering a city, or WANs covering large geographic areas like countries. Common network topologies include bus, star, ring, and mesh. Key network components include physical media to transmit data, interconnecting devices like switches and routers, client computers accessing services, networking software, and applications like email, websites, and video conferencing that users interact with.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views14 pages

    Introduction To Computer Networks

    Uploaded by

    ankit_coolhead
    Computer networks connect two or more computers together to share resources and information. Networks can be LANs covering a small area like a building, MANs covering a city, or WANs covering large geographic areas like countries. Common network topologies include bus, star, ring, and mesh. Key network components include physical media to transmit data, interconnecting devices like switches and routers, client computers accessing services, networking software, and applications like email, websites, and video conferencing that users interact with.

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    of 14

    Introduction to Computer Networks

    INTRODUCTION TO
    COMPUTER NETWORKS
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Computer Networks
    Computer network
    connects two or more
    autonomous computers.

    The computers can be


    geographically located
    anywhere.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    LAN, MAN & WAN


    Network in small geographical Area (Room, Building
    or a Campus) is called LAN (Local Area Network)

    Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan Area


    Network)

    Network spread geographically (Country or across


    Globe) is called WAN (Wide Area Network)
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Applications of Networks
    Resource Sharing
    Hardware (computing resources, disks, printers)
    Software (application software)
    Information Sharing
    Easy accessibility from anywhere (files, databases)
    Search Capability (WWW)
    Communication
    Email
    Message broadcast
    Remote computing
    Distributed processing (GRID Computing)
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Network Topology
    The network topology
    defines the way in
    which computers,
    printers, and other
    devices are connected.
    A network topology
    describes the layout of
    the wire and devices as
    well as the paths used
    by data transmissions.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Bus Topology
    Commonly referred to
    as a linear bus, all the
    devices on a bus
    topology are connected
    by one single cable.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Star & Tree Topology


    The star topology is the most
    commonly used architecture in
    Ethernet LANs.
    When installed, the star
    topology resembles spokes in
    a bicycle wheel.
    Larger networks use the
    extended star topology also
    called tree topology. When
    used with network devices that
    filter frames or packets, like
    bridges, switches, and routers,
    this topology significantly
    reduces the traffic on the wires
    by sending packets only to the
    wires of the destination host.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Ring Topology
    A frame travels around the ring,
    stopping at each node. If a node
    wants to transmit data, it adds the
    data as well as the destination
    address to the frame.
    The frame then continues around
    the ring until it finds the
    destination node, which takes the
    data out of the frame.
    Single ring – All the devices on
    the network share a single cable
    Dual ring – The dual ring topology
    allows data to be sent in both
    directions.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Mesh Topology
    The mesh topology
    connects all devices
    (nodes) to each other
    for redundancy and
    fault tolerance.
    It is used in WANs to
    interconnect LANs and
    for mission critical
    networks like those
    used by banks and
    financial institutions.
    Implementing the mesh
    topology is expensive
    and difficult.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Network Components
    Physical Media
    Interconnecting Devices
    Computers
    Networking Software
    Applications
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Networking Media
    Networking media can
    be defined simply as
    the means by which
    signals (data) are sent
    from one computer to
    another (either by cable
    or wireless means).
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Networking Devices
    HUB, Switches, Routers,
    Wireless Access Points,
    Modems etc.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Computers: Clients and Servers


    In a client/server
    network arrangement,
    network services are
    located in a dedicated
    computer whose only
    function is to respond
    to the requests of
    clients.

    The server contains the


    file, print, application,
    security, and other
    services in a central
    computer that is
    continuously available
    to respond to client
    requests.
    Introduction to Computer Networks

    Applications
    E-mail
    Searchable Data (Web Sites)
    E-Commerce
    News Groups
    Internet Telephony (VoIP)
    Video Conferencing
    Chat Groups
    Instant Messengers
    Internet Radio

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