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Presentation Discrete Mathematic

A graph consists of vertices and edges, where edges connect vertices. There are different types of graphs depending on edge properties, including directed graphs where edges have orientations and undirected graphs where edges are not oriented. Graphs are used to model various real-world networks including social, communication, transportation, and biological networks. Examples of graphs include social networks showing relationships between people, communication networks like phone call graphs, and biological networks like protein interaction graphs.

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M Wasim Ijaz
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153 views

Presentation Discrete Mathematic

A graph consists of vertices and edges, where edges connect vertices. There are different types of graphs depending on edge properties, including directed graphs where edges have orientations and undirected graphs where edges are not oriented. Graphs are used to model various real-world networks including social, communication, transportation, and biological networks. Examples of graphs include social networks showing relationships between people, communication networks like phone call graphs, and biological networks like protein interaction graphs.

Uploaded by

M Wasim Ijaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Graphs

A graph g=(V,E) consist of V, a non


empty set of vertices and E, a set of edges.
Each edge has either one or two
vertices associated with it, called end point.
An edge is said to connect its
end points.
Types of graphs
There are six types of graphs . Those are
following
1. Finite and infinite graph.
2. Directed(digraphs) and undirected graph.
3. Mixed graph.
4. Null graph.
5. Simple and multiple graph
6. Connected and disconnected graph.

Types of graphs
Different types of graphs (undirected,
directed, simple, multiple graph,,. . .) have
different formal denitions, depending on what
kinds of edges are allowed .
we will discus exclusively on standard
(undirected) graphs and directed (digraphs)
graphs.

Directed graph
A directed graph (digraph) ,
G = (V, E) , consists of a non-empty set , V , of
vertices , and a set E V V of directed edges .
Each directed edge (u, v) E has a start vertex
u , and a end vertex v.



Undirected graph
A (simple undirected) graph,
G = (V, E), consists of a non-empty set V of
vertices (or nodes), and a set E [V] 2 of
(undirected) edges.
Every edge {u, v} E has two
distinct vertices u not equal to v as endpoints,
and such vertices u and v are then said to be
adjacent in the graph G.
Graphs models
Graphs are used in a wide variety
of models . Which is called graph model . We
will discus only its use in communication
network.
when we build a graph model , we need
to make sure that we have correctly answered
the three key questions , we posted about the
structure of a graph.
Uses of graph/graph model
Graphs are extensively used in these
communication types.
1. Social Networks.
2. Communication Networks.
3. Information Networks.
4. Software design Applications.
5. Transportation Networks.
6. Biological Networks.
7. Tournaments.

Examples
Social network:-
Social structure based on
different kinds of relation between people or
group of people . like chat on facebook , gmail
,yahoo , etc
In social network Friendship ,Influence ,
Collaboration graphs are include.
Examples
Communication network:-
Phone call graph is
example of Communication network.
Information network:-
The web graph and
citation graph are example of Information
network.

Example
Software design application:-
Module dependency
graph , precedence graph and concurrent
processing graph are example of Software
design application.
Transportation network:-
Airline routes and
road network are example of Transportation
network.
Example
Biological Network:-
Niche overlap graphs in
Ecology and protein interaction graphs are
example of biological Network.
Tournaments graph:-
Round-robin tournament
and single-elimination tournament are example
of Tournament Graphs.

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