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Parallel Database Systems

Parallel database systems (PDBS) are implemented on parallel computers made of multiple nodes to exploit modern multiprocessor architectures. PDBS can increase I/O bandwidth through parallelism and support very large databases in a single system. They provide advantages like high performance through increased throughput and decreased response time, high availability using data replication, and extensibility through linear scaleup. Common PDBS architectures include shared memory, shared disk, and shared nothing. Data allocation techniques like partitioning distribute data across disks for efficient parallel I/O. Query parallelism exploits parallelism between and within queries.

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451 views

Parallel Database Systems

Parallel database systems (PDBS) are implemented on parallel computers made of multiple nodes to exploit modern multiprocessor architectures. PDBS can increase I/O bandwidth through parallelism and support very large databases in a single system. They provide advantages like high performance through increased throughput and decreased response time, high availability using data replication, and extensibility through linear scaleup. Common PDBS architectures include shared memory, shared disk, and shared nothing. Data allocation techniques like partitioning distribute data across disks for efficient parallel I/O. Query parallelism exploits parallelism between and within queries.

Uploaded by

lipika008
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Parallel Database Systems

PARALLEL DATABASE
Technical Seminar Presentation

SYSTEMS

Under the guidance of :

Mr. Anisur Rahman

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 1


Parallel Database Systems

INTRODUCTION
Technical Seminar Presentation

A parallel database system (PDBS) is a


DBMS implemented on a parallel computer
which is made of a number of nodes
(processors and memories) connected by a fast
network within a cabinet.
It strives to exploit modern multiprocessor
architectures using software-oriented solutions
for data management.
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 2
Parallel Database Systems

OBJECTIVE
Technical Seminar Presentation

Problems of conventional DBMS


- high disk access time.
- very large databases cant be supported
within a single system.
PDBS is the only viable solution for increasing
the I/O bandwidth through parallelism & for
storing huge databases in a single system.

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 3


Parallel Database Systems

ADVANTAGES OF PDBS
Technical Seminar Presentation

High Performance – Increased throughput


(inter-query parallelism) & decreased
response time (intra-query parallelism).
High Availability – Using data replication.
Extensibility – Linear scaleup and Linear
speedup.

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 4


Parallel Database Systems

PARALLEL DBMS ARCHITECTURE


Shared Memory
Technical Seminar Presentation

 Advantages – Simplicity, Load Balancing.


 Problems – Cost, Limited Extensibility, Low
Availability.

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 5


Parallel Database Systems

Shared Disk
Advantages – Cost, Extensibility, Load Balancing,
Technical Seminar Presentation

Availability.
Problems – Higher Complexity, Potential Coherence
Problems.

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 6


Parallel Database Systems

Shared Nothing
Advantages – Cost, Extensibility, Availability.
Technical Seminar Presentation

Problems – Complex, Addition of new nodes requires


reorganizing the database.

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 7


Parallel Database Systems

PARALLEL DBMS TECHNIQUES


DATA ALLOCATION – Methods that spread the
Technical Seminar Presentation

database across the system’s disks to ensure efficient


parallel I/O.
 Partitioning (Fragmentation) – 3 strategies
# Round Robin – i th tuple to partition (i mod n)
for n partitions.
# Hashing – Apply hash function to some
attribute to give partition no.
# Range Partitioning – Distribute tuples based
on value(ranges) of some attribute.
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 8
Parallel Database Systems
el
USES OF DATA FRAGMENTATION
 Maximize system performance.
Technical Seminar Presentation

Minimize response time (through intra-query


parallelism).
Maximize throughput (through inter-query
parallelism).
Problems: Skewed data distributions lead to
non-uniform partitioning & hurt load
balancing.
AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 9
Parallel Database Systems

QUERY PARALLELISM
Inter query parallelism – parallel execution of
Technical Seminar Presentation

multiple queries generated by concurrent transactions.


 Intra query parallelism – Two kinds:
#Inter-operator – Executing several operators of
the query tree on several processors in parallel.
#Intra-operator – Same operator is executed by
many processors, each one working on a subset of the
data.

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 10


Parallel Database Systems

PARALLEL ALGORITHMS
Technical Seminar Presentation

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 11


Parallel Database Systems
Technical Seminar Presentation

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 12


Parallel Database Systems
Technical Seminar Presentation

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 13


Parallel Database Systems

PARALLEL JOIN EXAMPLE


Insert into C
Technical Seminar Presentation

Select *
from A , B
where A.x = B.y ;

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 14


Parallel Database Systems
Technical Seminar Presentation

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 15


Parallel Database Systems

CONCLUSION
Technical Seminar Presentation

 The availability of fast microprocessors &


small inexpensive disks is an ideal platform
for parallel database systems.
 Employing data partitioning, intra-operator
parallelism etc., converting an existing
DBMS into a highly parallel one is
relatively straightforward.

AMRITA MISHRA CS200198086 16


Technical Seminar Presentation
ational Institute of Science & Technology

AMRITA MISHRA
Parallel Database Systems

THANK YOU!!!

CS200198086
17

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