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Introduction To Electronic Commerce: Meer Qaisar Javed Qaisar - Javed@uog - Edu.pk

This document provides an introduction to electronic commerce. It defines electronic commerce and its various categories. Electronic commerce involves business transactions conducted over telecommunications networks, especially the Internet. It can involve business-to-business, business-to-customer, or customer-to-customer interactions. The document outlines the components of an electronic commerce system and discusses the benefits and limitations of electronic commerce.

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Mandeel Gulzar
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82 views18 pages

Introduction To Electronic Commerce: Meer Qaisar Javed Qaisar - Javed@uog - Edu.pk

This document provides an introduction to electronic commerce. It defines electronic commerce and its various categories. Electronic commerce involves business transactions conducted over telecommunications networks, especially the Internet. It can involve business-to-business, business-to-customer, or customer-to-customer interactions. The document outlines the components of an electronic commerce system and discusses the benefits and limitations of electronic commerce.

Uploaded by

Mandeel Gulzar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Electronic Commerce

Meer Qaisar Javed [email protected]

Learning Objectives
Define electronic commerce and describe its various categories Understand the component of a E-commerce system Describe and discuss the impacts of electronic commerce

Definitions and Content of Field


Electronic Commerce (EC) is where business transactions take place via telecommunications networks, especially the Internet.
Electronic commerce describes the buying and selling of products, services, and information via computer networks including the Internet. E-Business describes the broadest definition of EC. It includes customer service, interbusiness cooperation and intrabusiness tasks. It is frequently used interchangeably with EC.

Definitions and Content of Field (cont.)


The infrastructure for EC is a networked computing environment in business, home, and government. A global networked environment is known as the Internet A counterpart within organizations, is called an intranet An extranet extends intranets so that they can be accessed by business partners.

Electronic Markets
A market is a network of interactions and relationships where information, products, services, and payments are exchanged. The market handles all the necessary transactions. An electronic market is a place where shoppers and sellers meet electronically. In electronic markets, sellers and buyers negotiate, submit bids, agree on an order, and finish the execution on- or off-line.

Interorganization Information Systems


An interorganizational information system (IOS) involves information flow among two or more organizations. Its major objective is efficient routine transaction processing, such as transmitting orders, bills, and payments using EDI or extranets. Scope: An IOS is a unified system encompassing two or several business partners. A typical IOS includes a company and its suppliers and and/or customers.

Types of Interorganizational Systems


Electronic data interchange (EDI) Extranets Electronic funds transfer (EFT) Integrated messaging systems Shared databases Electronically-supported supply chain management

Pure Vs. Partial Electronic Commerce


Three dimensions
the product (service) sold [physical / digital]; the process [physical / digital] the delivery agent (or intermediary) [physical / digital]

Traditional commerce
all dimensions are physical

Pure EC
all dimensions are digital

Partial EC
all other possibilities include a mix of digital and physical dimensions

The Dimensions of Electronic Commerce


Virtual product
Electronic commerce areas The core of electronic commerce

Digital Product Physical Product Traditional commerce

Virtual process
Digital process Physical process Physical agent Digital agent

Virtual delivery agent

Classification of EC by the Nature of the Transactions


Business-to-business Business-to-customer Intra business transactions Customer-to-Customer

Classification of Electronic Commerce

Online Shopping Process


Catalog Application Customer Management, Registration, Profiles, Service Catalog Database Customer Database Order Database Fulfillment Systems Payment Database

Internet
Web Browser Web Server

Order Capture, Completion Payment Processing & Purchase Order Financial Network

Electronic Commerce
On-line Shopping On-line banking On-line publishing On-line marketing and advertising Auctions B2B Hub purchasing and Selling Supply Chain Management

Common business services infrastructure (security, authentication, electronic payment)

Public policy legal, and privacy issues

Messaging and information distribution infrastructure (EDI, e-mail, Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)

Multimedia content and network publishing infrastructure (HTML, JAVA, XML)

Interfacing infrastructure (Databases, Legacy applications)

Network infrastructure (Telecom, cable TV wireless, VAN, WAN, LAN INTERNET)

Technical standards for documents, security, network protocols & payment

The Benefits of Electronic Commerce


Benefits to Organizations
Expands the marketplace to national and international markets Decreases the cost of creating, processing, distributing, storing and retrieving paper-based information Allows reduced inventories and overhead by facilitating pull type supply chain management The pull type processing allows for customization of products and services which provides competitive advantage to its implementers

Benefits to Organizations (cont.)

Supports business processes reengineering (BPR) efforts Lowers telecommunications cost - the Internet is much cheaper than value added networks (VANs)

Benefits to Customers
Enables customers to shop or do other transactions 24 hours a day, all year round from almost any location Provides customers with more choices Provides customers with less expensive products and services by allowing them to shop in many places and conduct quick comparisons Allows quick delivery of products and services in some cases, especially with digitized products

Benefits to Customers (cont.)


Customers can receive relevant and detailed information in seconds, rather than in days or weeks Makes it possible to participate in virtual auctions Allows customers to interact with other customers in electronic communities and exchange ideas as well as compare experiences Electronic commerce facilitates competition, which results in substantial discounts.

The Limitations of Electronic Commerce


Technical Limitations of Electronic Commerce
Lack of sufficient systems security, reliability, standards, and communication protocols Insufficient telecommunication bandwidth The software development tools are still evolving and changing rapidly Difficulties in integrating the Internet and electronic commerce software with some existing applications and databases

Non-Technical Limitations
Unproven business models
Security and Privacy Lack of trust and user resistance

Many unresolved legal issues

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