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Unit 5 PPT - New

The document discusses the selection and types of equipment used for construction projects, focusing on tractors, bulldozers, rippers, and scrapers. It describes the key factors to consider when selecting tractors, such as the size required and nature of work. The main types of tractors discussed are crawler and wheel tractors. It also outlines the different types of bulldozers based on blade direction and mounting, as well as how rippers and scrapers are used to rip rocks and scrape surfaces.

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binithasathish
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238 views25 pages

Unit 5 PPT - New

The document discusses the selection and types of equipment used for construction projects, focusing on tractors, bulldozers, rippers, and scrapers. It describes the key factors to consider when selecting tractors, such as the size required and nature of work. The main types of tractors discussed are crawler and wheel tractors. It also outlines the different types of bulldozers based on blade direction and mounting, as well as how rippers and scrapers are used to rip rocks and scrape surfaces.

Uploaded by

binithasathish
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Selection of Equipment

Particulars of Equipment
Whether the equipment is to be
purchased or rented
Availability and Utility of equipment
Production cost of equipment
Availability of skilled labour and Spare
parts
Useful life of equipment
Duration of project
Tractors

A Tractor is a vehicle specifically


designed to deliver a high
tractive effort at slow speeds, for the
purposes of hauling a trailer or
machinery used in agriculture or
construction.

Tractors are used to pull or push


loads
Types of Tractors
1. Crawler type

2. Wheel type
a. Four Wheel
b. Two Wheel
Factors considered while
selecting a Tractor
1. Size of Tractor required for
particular construction work
2. Nature of work for which it is used
E.g. Bulldozing, pulling a Wagon,
pulling a Scrapper,etc.
3. Smoothness, Firmness, slope,
length of the pulling road
Crawler Tractor
Crawler Tractor
It is most basic and versatile machine
It is a prime mover for pulling and
pushing loads.
This type of tractor is more suitable
where good traction and high drawbar
pull are desirable.
Drawbar pull is the actual pulling
ability of the vehicle
The specifications of crawler tractors
may vary from make to make.
Its optimum speed may exceed 12
Wheel Tractors
Wheel Tractors
It is equipped with pneumatic tyres
Have faster speed than crawler
tractors.
Some of these have max. speed
more than 50 Kmph.
They have high travel speed
They can sink great depth in soft
soils
They are rated by size and power
Four Wheel type
Can operate as an independent unit
Got better steering capacities and
the driver feels confident while
operating.
Driving is smooth
Can be driven at higher speeds
TwoWheel Type
Higher tractive force available for
driving axle
Increased mobility
Due to elimination of one axle the
rolling resistance is less
The no. of tyres to provide and
maintain is only half that of four wheel
type.
Gradability

The maximum slope that a crawler


or wheel type prime mover can move
up at a maximum speed
Bull Dozers
Bull Dozer
They are versatile machines for construction
projects. They are used from start to completion of
the projects for various operations such as:
 To clear site
 Opening up temporary roads through difficult
areas.
 Moving earth for haul distance up to 100 m
 Levelling earth fills
 Backfilling trenches
 Clearing the construction sites of debris
Classification of Bull dozers
According to direction of blades
a. Bulldozer-Machines mounted with
blades perpendicular to the direction
of travel. Movers earth forward
b.Angledozer-Machines mounted with
blades set at an angle with the
direction of travel. Movers earth
forward and to one side
Based on mountings
 Crawler tractor mounted bulldozer
 Wheel tractor mounted bulldozer
Method of control for raising
and lowering the blades
• Cable controlled
• Hydraulic controlled
Cable controlled
Hydraulic controlled
Ripper
• Rippers are used for rocks ripping
• It is an equipment used to cut or tear
a rock and to take it out
• A cutting edge is attached to tractor
which is quite strong to rip rock or
hard soil when pushed with it.
Ripper
Scraper
• They are used to scrap the surfaces
• They are mainly used for earthwork
operations of roads.
• It consists of a scrap with a cutting
edge.
• The excavated material is collected in
the body of a scrapper or bucket and
then removed to the place of dumping.
SCRAPPER
MOTOR GRADER
Motor Grader

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