Beam Connections
Beam to Post & Post to Base Details
Beam Connections
Beam
connections involve a condition where a uniformly distributed load is concentrated through a beam/column condition, then to a pad of concrete (FTG) & subsequently distributed to the ground
Factors Influencing Beam Connections
Weight
(LL & DL)
most important based on tributary area & load
Wind
Loads Seismic Loads Snow Loads Material Type
wood, steel, masonry
length influences bending
BENDING
Hole Placement for Columns/Beams
Distance
Equals: 7 x diameter to end 4 x diameter to edge 4 x diameter between holes
Maximum Hole Size for Beams
Maximum
Hole Size Equals = 1/5 width or height of beam
X = width or height of beam
Uplift
Any
overhang (including an open garage) is subject to UPLIFT from the wind
cant rely on weight of structure alone to hold in place
To
prevent UPLIFT:
Post cap means to bolt beam to column Post base means to bolt column to footing in ground
metal post caps and metal post base
hurricane clips and seismic ties
metal angles to attach truss/rafter to wall framing
Post Caps
Used
to connect or provide a transition of loads between columns and beams Engineered to withstand uplift and lateral forces
forces or loads are measured in KIPS = 1000 lbs
Three
structural divisions of post caps (metal gauge of caps are different, designs similar)
1) heavy weight 2) medium 3) lightweight
Beam Conditions and Post Cap Designs
Connection
1--Beam at end or corner Connection 2--Continuous beam Connection 3--Spliced beam Connection 4--Four-way beam intersection Connection 5--Tee and Ell brackets
Common Post Caps (Connection 1)
Beam
at end or corner
Common Post Caps (Connection 2)
Continuous
beam
Common Post Caps (Connection 3)
Spliced
beam
Common Post Caps (Connection 4)
4-way
beam intersection
Common Post Caps (Connection 5)
Tees
& Ells brackets Connection types
continuous, splice, end
Post Bases
Used
to connect posts to the concrete base below Usually metal A wide variety of types Selection depends upon
1) Size and material of column 2) Environment (dry or wet) 3) Weight or loads upon column
Post Connections and Post Base Designs
Connection
1--Pocket design, welded plates
and angles
Simple post base
Connection
2--Angle straps with shear
plates Connection 3--U shaped anchor strap Connection 4--Clip angles
Common Post Bases (Connection 1)
Pocket
design, Simple Post Base
welded steel plates column inside preset anchor bolts vent for moisture
Common Post Bases (Connection 2)
Angle
Strap with Shear Plates
shear plates
prevent splitting
bearing plate metal straps anchor bolts
Common Post Bases (Connection 3)
Anchor
strap
U-shape preset in concrete most common
Common Post Bases (Connection 4)
Clip
angles and bearing plate
Additional Post Base Connections
Adjustable
Elevated Heavy Section
Detailing Beam/Column/Footing Connections
Detailer
must know
size of beam size of column/post type of post cap size/number/location of bolts Material type
wood, steel, concrete, or masonry
Height of column Type of post base Soil bearing capacity Footing size
Detailing Beam/Column/Footing Connections
Standard
Tables or Manufacturers are literature used to find acceptable load vs column height
Examples: Height Size Loads 4 4x4 14,700 lb 8 4x4 8,304 lb
Pipe Column
Commonly
used to support
beams May be fixed length or adjustable Cap & Bearing plate usually are welded to pipe column Attach to footing pedestal via anchor bolts Dry Pack
moist cement between bearing plate & footing pedestal to assure perpendicularity
Pipe Column Callout
3
PIPE COLUMN 7.58#, meaning:
3 = nominal pipe diameter 7.58# = weight/foot a 6 ft length would weigh 45.48 lbs and would carry 38 kips (see table pg 411)
New Notation
3 x 7.58 PIPE COLUMN
Old Notation
Masonry Columns
Used
in same manner as wood/steel columns Design Rules
unsupported, reinforced masonry columns not to exceed 10 times smallest cross-sectional dimension hollow unsupported masonry columns not to exceed 4 times smallest cross-sectional dimension joints should lap normally, no vertical joints
Examples:
16x16reinforced column max height = 10 x 16 =13.3 ft (10 x 16 = 160/12 = 13.3ft) 24x24 hollow column max height = 4 x 2 = 8 ft
Masonry Columns
Note
steel saddle to connect beam to concrete
Reinforcing
& grout in cavity
Pilaster
A
column built into masonry wall for beam support used to give lateral support to wall
ASSIGNMENT
Develop
the following details for sheet S-3
1/S-3 wall to truss connection (use a simpson H1 anchor) 2/S-3 shear wall detail (1/2 plywd on 1 side of prefab truss and interior shear wall, be sure that the truss is directly over the shear wall 3/S-3 2x6 block between trusses at walls 4/S-3 Simpson strap LSTA24 each side of ridge on 5/8 gyp brd w/ 20 ga sht mtl 8on 8 off ridge use (2) rows 6d nails 5 o.c. 5/S-3 Use a simpson strap LSTA24 on each side
Drafting Exercise Pipe Column Detail
Change
pipe column callout to new notation
3 X 7.58 PIPE COLUMN
Add Add
callout for rebar in footing
2-#4 REBAR EACH WAY
3/4 fiber expansion board between concrete walk and footing pedestal Scales as shown in text Pipe Column to Beam Detail
