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Voltage and Current Laws: Reproduction or Display. 1

Two networks are equivalent there are three nodes and five branches a path is a sequence of nodes a loop is a closed (circular) path Permission required for reproduction or display.

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90 views

Voltage and Current Laws: Reproduction or Display. 1

Two networks are equivalent there are three nodes and five branches a path is a sequence of nodes a loop is a closed (circular) path Permission required for reproduction or display.

Uploaded by

박승현
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Chapter 3 Voltage and Current Laws

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

these two networks are equivalent there are three nodes and five branches a path is a sequence of nodes a loop is a closed (circular) path
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
2

KCL: The algebraic sum of the currents entering any node is zero.

iA + iB + (iC) + (iD) = 0
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
3

Current IN is zero: iA + iB + (iC) + (iD) = 0 Current OUT is zero: (-iA )+ (-iB ) + iC + iD = 0 Current IN=OUT: iA+ iB = iC + iD
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
4

Find the current through resistor R3 if it is known that the voltage source supplies a current of 3 A.

Answer: i =6 A
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

KVL: The algebraic sum of the voltages around any closed path is zero. v1 + (-v2 )+ (v3) = 0

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Sum of RISES is zero (clockwise from B): v1 +(- v2 ) + v3 = 0 Sum of DROPS is zero (clockwise from B): (-v1 ) + v2 + (-v3 ) = 0

Two paths, same voltage (A to B): v1 = (-v3 ) + v2

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
7

Find vR2 (the voltage across R2) and the voltage vx.

Answer: vR2 = 32 V and vx= 6 V.


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
8

Example: find the current ix and the voltage vx

Answer: vx= 12 V and ix =120 mA


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Solve for the voltage vx and and the current ix

Answer: vx=8 V and ix= 1 A

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

10

All of the elements in a circuit that carry the same current are said to be connected in series.

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

11

Elements in a circuit having a common voltage across them are said to be connected in parallel.

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

12

Calculate the power absorbed by each circuit element.

Answer: p120V = 960 W, p30 = 1920 W pdep = 1920 W, p15 = 960 W


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
13

Find the voltage v and the currents i1 and i2.

Answer: v = 2 V, i1 = 60 A, and i2 = 30 A
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
14

Determine the value of v and the power supplied by the independent current source.

Answer: v = 14.4 V, power from current source is 345.6 mW


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
15

Voltage sources connected in series can be combined into an equivalent voltage source:

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

16

Current sources connected in parallel can be combined into an equivalent current source:

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

17

Our circuit models are idealizations that can lead to apparent physical absurdities:

Vs in parallel (a) and Is in series (c) can lead to impossible circuits


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
18

Using KVL shows: Req = R1 + R2 + + RN


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
19

Find i and the power supplied by the 80 V source.

Answer: i = 3 A and p = 240 W supplied


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
20

Using KCL shows:

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

21

Two resistors in parallel can be combined using the

product / sum
shortcut.

Connecting resistors in parallel makes the result smaller :


0.5 min(R1, R2) < R1||R2 < min(R1,R2)

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

22

Resistors in series share the voltage applied to them.

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

23

Find vx

Answer:

vx(t) = 4 sin t V
Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

24

Resistors in parallel share the current through them.

Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

25

Find i3(t)

Answer: i3(t) = 1.333 sin t V


Copyright 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
26

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