This document discusses digital to analog conversion and various digital modulation techniques used in data communication, including:
- Digital to analog conversion involves modulating digital data onto an analog signal by varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the carrier signal.
- Amplitude shift keying (ASK) encodes digital data by changing the amplitude of the carrier signal, with higher amplitude representing a 1 and lower representing a 0. ASK is susceptible to noise interference but has lower energy requirements than other techniques.
- Other modulation techniques discussed include frequency shift keying (FSK) and phase shift keying (PSK).
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
This document discusses digital to analog conversion and various digital modulation techniques used in data communication, including:
- Digital to analog conversion involves modulating digital data onto an analog signal by varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the carrier signal.
- Amplitude shift keying (ASK) encodes digital data by changing the amplitude of the carrier signal, with higher amplitude representing a 1 and lower representing a 0. ASK is susceptible to noise interference but has lower energy requirements than other techniques.
- Other modulation techniques discussed include frequency shift keying (FSK) and phase shift keying (PSK).
This document discusses digital to analog conversion and various digital modulation techniques used in data communication, including:
- Digital to analog conversion involves modulating digital data onto an analog signal by varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the carrier signal.
- Amplitude shift keying (ASK) encodes digital data by changing the amplitude of the carrier signal, with higher amplitude representing a 1 and lower representing a 0. ASK is susceptible to noise interference but has lower energy requirements than other techniques.
- Other modulation techniques discussed include frequency shift keying (FSK) and phase shift keying (PSK).
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
This document discusses digital to analog conversion and various digital modulation techniques used in data communication, including:
- Digital to analog conversion involves modulating digital data onto an analog signal by varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase of the carrier signal.
- Amplitude shift keying (ASK) encodes digital data by changing the amplitude of the carrier signal, with higher amplitude representing a 1 and lower representing a 0. ASK is susceptible to noise interference but has lower energy requirements than other techniques.
- Other modulation techniques discussed include frequency shift keying (FSK) and phase shift keying (PSK).
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Overview of Lecture 17 Digital-to Analog Conversion Bit Rate and Baud Rate Carrier Signals Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Phase Shift Keying (PSK) Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
Digital To Analog Conversion
Process of changing one of the characteristics of an analog signal based on the info in a digital signal Digital data must be modulated on an analog signal that has been manipulated to look like two distinct values corresponding to binary 1 to binary 0
Digital To Analog Conversion
Variation in Characteristics of Sine Wave
A sine wave is defined by 3 characteristics: Amplitude Frequency Phase By changing one aspect of a simple electrical signal back & forth,we can use it to represent digital data
Mechanisms for Modulating Digital Data to Analog Signals
Bit Rate & Baud Rate
Bit rate:no. of bits transmitted during one second Baud rate:no. of signal units per second that are required to represent that bit
Analogy for Bit rate &Baud Rate
In transportation a Baud is analogous to a Car a Bit is analogous to a Passenger If1000 cars can go from one point to another carrying only one passenger(only driver),than 1000 passengers are transported
Analogy for Bit rate &Baud Rate
However, if each car carries four passengers, then 4000 passengers are transported Note that the Number of Cars (Bauds), not the Numbers of Passengers (Bits) determines the traffic and therefore the need for wider highways
Example 5.6 An analog signal carries 4 bits in each signal element.If 1000 signal elements are sent per second, find the Baud Rate and Bit Rate? Solution: Baud Rate= Number of Signal Elements Baud Rate =1000 bauds/second Bit Rate=Baud Rate * Number of bits per signal element Bit Rate= 1000 * 4 = 4000 bps
Carrier Signals The sending device produces a high frequency signal, that acts as a basis for the information signal. This base signal is called the Carrier Signal or Carrier Frequency
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
The amplitude of the Carrier signal is varied to represent binary 1 or 0 Both frequency and phase remain constant, while the amplitude changes
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
Effect Of Noise on ASK
Highly susceptible to noise interference ASK relies solely on Amplitude for recognition Noise usually affects the amplitude
On-Off- Keying (OOK)
A popular ASK Technique In OOK, one of the bit values is represented by no voltage
The advantage is the reduction in the amount of energy required to transmit Information
Bandwidth for ASK (Figure)
Bandwidth for ASK (Figure)
Bandwidth requirements for ASK are calculated using the formula BW = (1+d)*Nbaud
Example 5.8 Find minimum bandwidth required for an ASK signal TX at 2000 bps. TX. Mode is half duplex Solution: In ASK, Baud Rate= Bit Rate Therefore, Baud Rate = 2000 Also ASK requires a minimum bandwidth equal to its Baud Rate Therefore Minimum BW = 2000 Hz
Summary Digital-to Analog Conversion Bit Rate and Baud Rate Carrier Signals Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
Suggested Reading Section 5.3, Data Communications and Networking 2nd Edition by Behrouz A. Forouzan
Instant ebooks textbook Cellular Internet of Things 2e : Technologies, Standards, and Performance. 2nd ed. Edition Bergman - eBook PDF download all chapters
Instant ebooks textbook Cellular Internet of Things 2e : Technologies, Standards, and Performance. 2nd ed. Edition Bergman - eBook PDF download all chapters
