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    Oxy - Acetylene Cutting and Laser Cutting

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    dselvakuu
    The document discusses oxy-acetylene cutting and laser cutting. It covers the principles of gas cutting, types of fuel gases used in cutting, types of flames produced, advantages of gas cutting, and an overview of plasma and laser cutting. Safety considerations are discussed for oxy-fuel gas cutting and welding to prevent flashback and backfires.

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    Oxy - Acetylene Cutting and Laser Cutting

    Uploaded by

    dselvakuu
    116 views18 pages
    The document discusses oxy-acetylene cutting and laser cutting. It covers the principles of gas cutting, types of fuel gases used in cutting, types of flames produced, advantages of gas cutting, and an overview of plasma and laser cutting. Safety considerations are discussed for oxy-fuel gas cutting and welding to prevent flashback and backfires.

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    Gas Cutting

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    Gas Cutting

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    The document discusses oxy-acetylene cutting and laser cutting. It covers the principles of gas cutting, types of fuel gases used in cutting, types of flames produced, advantages of gas cutting, and an overview of plasma and laser cutting. Safety considerations are discussed for oxy-fuel gas cutting and welding to prevent flashback and backfires.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    116 views18 pages

    Oxy - Acetylene Cutting and Laser Cutting

    Uploaded by

    dselvakuu
    The document discusses oxy-acetylene cutting and laser cutting. It covers the principles of gas cutting, types of fuel gases used in cutting, types of flames produced, advantages of gas cutting, and an overview of plasma and laser cutting. Safety considerations are discussed for oxy-fuel gas cutting and welding to prevent flashback and backfires.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    OXY ACETYLENE CUTTING AND LASER CUTTING

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Contents
    Part-1 : Principles of gas cutting Part-2 : Types of fuel gases Part-3 : Types of flames & Application Part-4 : Advantages Part-5 : Plasma & LASER Cutting Part-6 : Comparison Part-7 : Safety

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Principles
    Oxy gas processes are based on controlled combustion of fuel gas and oxygen mixture, and consequent generation of heat

    Oxy gas processes are popular for welding, brazing, soldering and cutting of steel

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Fuel Gases
    Acetylene ( C2H2 ) Propane ( C3H8 ) LPG ( Mixture of propane and butane ) Methane (CH4 ) - Natural gas Hydrogen ( H2 )

    Propylene ( C3H6 )
    Butane ( C4H10 )

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Combustion Chemistry of Acetylene


    Fuel gas + Oxygen Acetylene C2 H2 + O2 = = CO2 + H2 O 2 CO + H2

    4CO + 2H2 + 3O2


    C2 H2 + 2.5O2

    =
    =

    4 CO2 + 2H2 O
    2 CO2 + H2 O Overall

    Actual oxygen to fuel gas ratios used are : Acetylene

    1.5 : 1

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Types of flames
    Neutral Correct mixture Greenish, rounded inner cone

    Excess of O2
    Oxidizing Bluish, sharp inner cone

    Excess of FG
    Reducing Long white luminous feather

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Hottest point of flame


    Primary flame (or inner cone)
    Acetylene = >3,000 deg C
    LPG = 2,826 deg C

    Nozzle

    Secondary flame (or outer cone)

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Gas Equipment
    CYLINDER FLASHBACK VALVE ARRESTOR

    ACETYLENE REGULATOR
    FLASHBACK ARRESTOR

    OXYGEN REGULATOR

    CUTTING TORCH

    WELDING TORCH

    OXYGEN AND ACETYLENE HOSES

    FLASHBACK ARRESTORS

    ACETYLENE CYLINDER (PAINTED MAROON)

    (OXYGEN CYLINDER (PAINTED BLACK)


    T -CQ3 -2

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Oxy-cutting Torch
    Nozzle mix system

    Torch head Cutting oxygen Heating oxygen Acetylene

    Mixed gas Cutting oxygen Pre-heat flame


    Cutting Nozzle
    View from the bottom

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Various cutting processes


    OXY PLASMA LASER WATER JET ROUTER

    MS SS TITANIUM ALUMINIUM CERAMIC RUBBER KEVLAR GLASS LAMINATES

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Effects of oxygen purity


    175

    SPEED / CONSUMPTION (%)

    150 125 100 75 50 25

    O2 CONSUMPTION

    CUTTING SPEED
    99.5 99 98.5 98

    100

    O2 PURITY %

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Adjusting Kerf
    KERF FINISH COUNTER CLOCKWISE TRAVEL KERF OFFST = KERF WIDTH ON RH SIDE OF TRAVEL

    CLOCKWISE TRAVEL

    SCRAP

    START DESIRED JOB DIMENSION

    JOB

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Air plasma
    -

    Hot ionised gas stream = plasma


    (Temp = 30-40 thousand degC)

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Laser cutting and drilling

    The heat is provided by laser

    Assist gas removes the vaporized/molten material to form the kerf


    O2 used as cutting gas for MS cutting (1max) CO2 Lasers are most popular Can be used for profile cutting Provides high quality clean cut. Low HAZ Pulsed LASER used for drilling

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Safety in oxy-cutting & welding


    USE OF ACETYLENE

    Do not draw more than 15% acetylene content per hour from a cylinder Always use cylinder in upright position Always use correct hose, regulator & fittings Do not use oxy-acetylene torch in a closed space Do not use copper piping/parts in acetylene line Never use Acetylene at a pressure higher than 1kg.

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Safety in oxy-cutting & welding Flashback


    A flame and its pressure wave (75x gas pressure in bar) travel back through the torch and into the gas system.
    Flame

    Symptoms A bang

    Pressure Wave
    Hose

    MIXED GAS
    Direction of Flashback Toward Regulator

    Cause: Improper purging & pressures of O2 & DA lines. The flame speed is too fast to be blocked by the check valve in the hose and proceeds right past it through the hose. Use of suitable Flash Back Arrestor recommended.

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    Safety in oxy-cutting & welding BACKFIRE Flame burns back inside torch, usually with a shrill sound, or flame is extinguished with a loud pop. Sustained flashback indicates something seriously wrong. In the event of backfire: Immediately shut of the oxygen supply, (otherwise high pressure oxygen can get into low pressure FG line causing mixed gas and explode). Then shut off FG supply Set the pressures correctly Clean the nozzle and seat, start again

    ADVANCED WELDING TRAINING INSTITUTE

    QUESTIONS

    Thank you for your patient hearing

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