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Frames Tables Forms HTML

The document discusses various HTML elements used to create tables and forms on web pages. It describes how the <table>, <tr>, <th>, and <td> tags are used to define tables with rows and cells for tabular data. It also explains common table attributes like border, width, align, and how colspan and rowspan can be used. The document then covers different form input types like text, checkbox, radio, and how to specify the form's action and method. It provides examples of how to create text fields, buttons, and selects to gather user input on a web form.

Uploaded by

Deepika Kaur
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
116 views

Frames Tables Forms HTML

The document discusses various HTML elements used to create tables and forms on web pages. It describes how the <table>, <tr>, <th>, and <td> tags are used to define tables with rows and cells for tabular data. It also explains common table attributes like border, width, align, and how colspan and rowspan can be used. The document then covers different form input types like text, checkbox, radio, and how to specify the form's action and method. It provides examples of how to create text fields, buttons, and selects to gather user input on a web form.

Uploaded by

Deepika Kaur
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tables

Tables provide a means of organising the layout of data A table is divided into rows and columns: these specify the cells of the table Cells can contain text, images, links, other tables... Tables can also be used for organising the layout of the web page itself.

BSc CM0133 Internet Computing

Tables
<table> <tr> main element table row

<th>
<td>

table header
table data

<table border="1"> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Course</th> <th>Year</th> </tr> <tr> <td>A B Morgan</td> <td>Fishing</td> <td>5</td> </tr> <tr> <td>D P Jones</td> <td>Sailing</td> <td>8</td> </tr> <tr> </table>
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BSc CM0133 Internet Computing

Tables
<table> <tr> main element table row

<th>
<td>

table header
table data

<table border="1"> <tr> <th>Name</th> <td>A B Morgan</td> <td>D P Jones</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Course</th> <td>Fishing</td> <td>Sailing</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Year</th> <td>8</td> <td>5</td> </tr> <tr> </table>
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BSc CM0133 Internet Computing

Rows and Columns


Cells can span multiple columns and multiple rows with the colspan and rowspan attributes

<table border="1"> <tr> <th colspan="2">Name</th> <th>Course</th> <th>Year</th> </tr> <tr> <td>A B</td> <td>Morgan</td> <td rowspan="2">Fishing</td> <td>5</td> </tr> <tr> <td>D J</td> <td>Jones</td> <td>Sailing</td> <td>8</td> </tr> <tr> </table>
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BSc CM0133 Internet Computing

The align and width attributes


The align attribute determines the position of the text within a cell
<table border="1" align="center"> <tr> <th colspan="2" width="60%">Name</th> <th rowspan="2">Course</th> <th rowspan="2">Year</th> </tr> <tr> <th>Last</th> <th>Init.</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Morgan</td> <td>AB</td> <td>Fishing</td> <td align="center">5</td> </tr> <! etc -->
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The width attribute determines the width of the row relative to the table
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Table attributes
Table attributes
align alignment relative to the page width in pixels or percentage of page width border - width of border (pixels) cellspacing separation between cells (pixels) cellpadding - space around data inside cell (pixels) bgcolor - background colour (inside cells)

Furthermore The <caption> element puts a title above the table

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Table attributes
<table border="3" align="center" cellspacing="6" cellpadding="6" bgcolor="cyan"> <caption> <h2>Course Data</h2> </caption> <tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Course</th> <th>Year</th> </tr> <tr> <td>A B Morgan</td> <td>Fishing</td> <td>5</td> </tr> <! etc -->
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Page formatting
Tables can be used to organise the layout of the web page itself

</body> <table border="0" cellspacing="10"> <tr> <td> <img src="cat.gif" alt="cat"> <ul> <li>cats</li> <li>dogs</li> <li>butterflies</li> </ul> </td> <td> This piece of text illustrates the idea of placing two columns of information in a web page... Note also that there is no border in this table. </td> </tr> </table> </body>
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Frames and Framesets


A frameset partitions a web browser window so that multiple web documents can be displayed simultaneously. Example application: To maintain a permanently visible directory of links within your site, while also displaying one or more selected documents from the site. otherwise the directory of links must appear on every page, and this scrolls up with the page Note: framesets can cause problems for bookmarking and for "screen readers" (for visually-impaired users)

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Framesets
<html> <head><title>Frames 1</title></head> <frameset cols="140,*"> <frame name="navF" src="navigation.html"> <frame name="mainF" src="intro.html"> </frameset> </html> The frameset element replaces the body element frameset has attributes cols or rows, defined in terms of pixels, percentage(%) or unspecified (*) this splits the window into two or more columns or rows
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Frame attributes
<frameset cols="140,*"> <frame name="navF" src="navigation.html"> <frame name="mainF" src="intro.html"> </frameset>

The name attribute uniquely identifies the frame. It may be used as the target in an anchor (<a>) element

The src attribute specifies the web page to be placed in the frame initially (it may subsequently be overwritten)
The scrolling attribute ("auto", "yes", "no") specifies whether the frame is to have scroll bars The frameborder attribute ("0", "1") specifies whether the frame is to have a border
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navigation.html
The anchor tag has a target attribute
takes the name of the frame used to display the information

All anchors below are targeted to the "mainF" frame


<html><head><title>Navigation Bar</title></head> <body><center> <a href="course.html" target="mainF">HTML Course</a><br><br> <a href="paragraph.html" target="mainF">Paragraphs</a><br> <a href="headings.html" target="mainF">Headings</a><br> <a href="ulists.html" target="mainF">Unordered lists</a><br> <a href="olists.html" target="mainF">Ordered lists</a><br> <a href="nlists.html" target="mainF">Nested lists</a><br> <a href="intro.html" target="mainF">Home</a><br> </center></body> </html>

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intro.html
A simple document which is initially placed in the "mainF" frame

This is replaced when a user clicks on a link in the "navF" frame


<html> <head><title>Internet Computing</title></head> <body> <h2>Welcome to the HTML Course</h2> <p> <h4>Please select the subject of...</h4> </p> </body> </html>
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Nested framesets
<html> <head><title>Frames 2</title></head> <frameset cols="140,*"> <frame name="navF" src="navigation.html"> <frameset rows="30%,70%"> <frame name="upperF" src="intro.html"> <frame name="lowerF" src="course.html"> </frameset> </frameset> </html>

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Noframes
Some browsers cannot process frames. Alternative content should be provided using the noframes element
<html> <head><title>Frames 1</title></head> <frameset cols="140,*"> <frame name="navF" src="navigation.html"> <frame name="mainF" src="intro.html"> </frameset> <noframes> <body> Something here for browsers not supporting frames </body> </noframes> </html>
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Forms
Forms are user interfaces for data input Main application: to provide user input for programs and databases located on a web server local (client-side) scripts associated with the form Server-based programs may return data to the client as a web page Client-side scripts can read input data To validate the data, prior to sending to server To use in local processing which may output web page content that is displayed on the client
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Example applications
Questionnaires to provide feedback on a web site e-commerce, to enter name, address, details of purchase and credit-card number
request brochures from a company make a booking for holiday, cinema etc. buy a book, cd, etc obtain a map giving directions to a shop

Run a database query and receive results (an important part of e-commerce)

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Input types
text checkbox radio (buttons) select (options) textarea password button submit reset hidden file image
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The method and action attributes


The method attribute specifies the way that form data is sent to the server program GET appends the data to the URL POST sends the data separately The action attribute specifies a server program (e.g. a perl program .pl extension) that processes the form data Can also send an email: action=mailto:D.P.Cosker@..
<body> <form method="POST" action="comments.pl"> <h2>Tell us what you think</h2> <!-- etc --> </form> </body>
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The input element: type="text"


The type attribute specifies the type of user input The name attribute gives an identifier to the input data The size attribute specifies the length of the input field The value attribute specifies an initial value for the text (optional)
<form method="POST" action="comments.pl"> <h2>Tell us what you think</h2> Name <input name="name" type="text" size="20"><br> Address <input name="address" type="text" size="30"> </form>
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The input element:type="checkbox"


The name attribute is used to define a set of checkboxes The value attribute identifies the individual checkbox If the checked attribute is set the box is initially checked
How did you hear about this web site?<br> A friend <input type="checkbox" name="howdid" value="friend"><br> Search engine <input type="checkbox" name="howdid" value="engine"><br> <! etc -->
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The input element: type="radio"


Radio buttons are similar to checkboxes, but only one can be selected To select a button by default, use the checked attribute (for one button only)
How did you hear about this web site?<br> A friend <input type="radio" name="howdid" value="friend"><br> Search engine <input type="radio" name="howdid" value="engine"><br> <! etc -->
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The input element: type="button"


The name attribute uniquely identifies a button

The value attribute gives a label to the button


Actions can be associated with buttons- more later

Do you want to receive any further information:<br> <input type="button" name="yes" value=" Yes "> <input type="button" name="no" value=" No "><br>

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The input element: type="submit/reset"


type="submit"

clicking this button sends the form data to the program (URL) specified in the action attribute of the form
type="reset" clicking this button clears all data entered so far
Thank you<br> <input type="submit" name="send" value="Send"> <input type="reset" name="clear" value="Clear"><br>
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The input element: type="password/file/hidden"


type="password" similar to type="text" except that the input is echoed with asterisks (so not visible) type="file" provides a file dialogue box to specify a file that is sent to the server type="hidden" similar to text input, but the value attribute is used to specify data that is to be sent to the server. Nothing appears on the screen. The data might be set by a server program to keep track of the details of a particular transaction.
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The textarea element


Used for multi-line text input The size of the input area is specified with the cols and rows attributes Any text placed inside the element appears in the input area (this can be deleted).
Please write your comments:<br> <textarea name="comments" rows="5" cols="20"> put text here </textarea>
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The select element


The select element provides a menu of options An option can be selected by default using the selected attribute (otherwise the first in the list is initially selected)
How do you rate this site?<br> <select name="rating"> <option>Good <option selected>Bad <option>Ugly </select>
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