Scribd
Upload
487 views19 pages

Fso

This document discusses free space optical communication (FSO), which uses light propagating in free space to transmit data wirelessly over shorter distances. It provides an introduction to FSO, describes its features and working mechanism. The document outlines the different FSO architectures including point-to-point, mesh, and point-to-multipoint. It also discusses the challenges of FSO such as fog, scattering, and building sway, and covers applications in areas like enterprise connectivity and military use.

Uploaded by

swetamohanty
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
487 views19 pages

Fso

This document discusses free space optical communication (FSO), which uses light propagating in free space to transmit data wirelessly over shorter distances. It provides an introduction to FSO, describes its features and working mechanism. The document outlines the different FSO architectures including point-to-point, mesh, and point-to-multipoint. It also discusses the challenges of FSO such as fog, scattering, and building sway, and covers applications in areas like enterprise connectivity and military use.

Uploaded by

swetamohanty
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION

Presented By Sweta Mohanty 1011016060

CONTENTS
Introduction Features of FSO Working of FSO FSO Architecture Challenges in FSO FSO Security Application of FSO Advantage of FSO Limitation of FSO Conclusion Reference

INTRODUCTION
Simple point-to-point communication for longer distance

Low investment ,faster installation and easily upgradable


It can be operated in highly sensitive technology like space Large data transmission of about 2.5Gb/s for upto Hundreds of kms in range without any licensing of signals

FEATURES OF FSO
No cables required Transmitted in atmosphere Require line-of-sight availability Fully duplex High speed Cost effective No requirement of license No requirement of rooftop installation

How FSO works?


2 Transmitter projects the carefully aimed light pulses into the air 3 A receiver at the other end of the link collects the light using lenses and/or mirrors

5 Reverse direction data transported the same way. Full duplex 1 Data in the network is converted into pulses of invisible light representing 1s Anything and 0s 4 Received signal converted back into fiber or copper and connected to the network

that can be done in fiber can be done with FSO

How FSO works?


Optical wireless unit uses an optical sources + transmitting lens or telescope that transits light through the atmosphere to receiving lens. It transmit invisible, eye-safe light beams from source to destination using low power infrared laser. Light focused on highly sensitive detector receives. At this point, the receiving lens or telescope connect with optical cable which gives our original information. Commercially, available systems offer capacities in the range of 100 Mbps to 2.5 Gbps. Most FSO system use simple ON-OFF keying modulation format.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FSO

FSO ARCHITECTURE
POINT-TO-POINT ARCHITECTURE:

AdvantageSimplest connection Offers higher bandwidth DisadvantageCannot contain more than 2 points Points cannot have arbitrary distance between them Has the poorest network and service

FSO ARCHITECHTURE
MESH ARCHITECTURE:

Advantage Best network and service protection Very high data rates Scalability and expandability Reliable Disadvantage Complexity of each nodes in mesh topology High cost

FSO ARCHITECTURE
POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT ARCHITECTURE

Advantage Cheaper connection Facilitates node addition


Disadvantage Low bandwidth Complex

Challenges in FSO

FOG Absorption or scattering of optical signals due to airborne particles Primarily FOG but can be rain, snow, smoke, dust, etc. PHYSICAL OBSTRUCTIONS Flying birds or can temporarily block a single beam, leading to short interruptions SCATTERING Caused by collision of wavelength with tiny particles in atmosphere Causes deviation of light beam ,less power at receiver

Challenges in FSO (contd)

SCINTILLATION Beam spreading due to propagation through air pockets of varying temperature, density, and index of refraction ABSORPTION occurs when suspended water molecules in the terrestrial atmosphere extinguish photons. BUILDING SWAY / SEISMIC ACTIVITY Movement of building upsets transmitter-receiver alignment

FSO SECURITY
Infrared beam slightly above the visible spectrum is used,which is invisible to normal human eye Beams are narrow and invisible,so harder to find, intercept or crack Requires matching FSO tranceiver aligned to complete the transmission The beam travels along the line-of-sight path that cannot be intercepted easily

Application of FSO
Inter-satellite communication Transmission between different earth orbiting satellite Military and government Secure, undetectable system connect large area safely with minimal planning and time Wireless service provider Unlike microwaves or fibers ,FSO doesnt require spectrum licensing ,physical disruption or govt zoning approval Enterprise connectivity Companies, airports ,hospitals can use safe, secure FSO wireless link to connect building within their campus

ADVANTAGES OF FSO
Low cost No cables required High speed No interference Unlicensed Easy to install Zero chances of network failure

LIMITATIONS OF FSO
Require line-of-sight,as accurate alignment of transmitter receiver necessary Limited range( upto 8 km) Unreliable bandwidth availability ,as FSO is subjected to atmospheric disturbances Even slight mechanical disturbance,may result in complete breakdown

CONCLUSION
Gives very high data rate

Very cheaper than FOC


Can be positioned behind the windows,if rooftop sites are costly Gives more security than any other technology A boon in the field of high bandwidth requirement

REFERENCES
Wasiu Oyewole Papoola, Subcarrier intensity modulated free-space optical communication systems, School of Computing, Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Northumbria at Newcastle for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy,September 2009 Manzur, T. Free Space Optical Communications (FSO) and Photonics Technology Conference, 2007 IEEE Avionics, Fiber-Optics

Juarez, J.C. ; Dwivedi, A. ; Hammons, A.R. ; Jones,S.D. ;Weerackody, V. ; Nichols,R.A. FreeSpace Optical Communications for Nextgeneration Military N etworksCommunications Magazine, IEEE Volume: 44 , Issue: 11

You might also like