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Lec 02

This document provides an overview of Visual Basic (VB) and introduces some key concepts in object-oriented event-driven (OOED) programming. It discusses what VB is, how it is event-driven, and some basic VB objects and their properties, methods, and events. It also outlines the OOED programming process and provides examples of VB statements and how to use the help features.

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Deri Setiana
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95 views27 pages

Lec 02

This document provides an overview of Visual Basic (VB) and introduces some key concepts in object-oriented event-driven (OOED) programming. It discusses what VB is, how it is event-driven, and some basic VB objects and their properties, methods, and events. It also outlines the OOED programming process and provides examples of VB statements and how to use the help features.

Uploaded by

Deri Setiana
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

Lecture 2: Introduction to Visual Basic (VB)

Daniel Chen

Topics
1. What is VB? 2. What is Event-Driven? 3. What is Object-Orientation? 4. Objects used in VB 5. VB objects naming practice 6. Files in VB 7. OOED Programming process 8. VB statements 9. VB Help

What is VB?
A windows-based system using objects responding to events An objected-oriented event-driven programming language

Event-Driven
Procedural languages run from start to finish with no human intervention
Basic, COBOL, FORTRAN, C

Event driven languages - waits for an event to occur before taking any action Example of event
The press of a key on the keyboard Movement of the mouse The click of a mouse button

Programming in Windows is usually termed event-driven programming

Objects
Reusable software components that model items in the real world
e.g. GPA calculator, Tax calculator

They are self-contained modules that combine data and program code which pass strictly defined messages to one another

Encapsulation
The capability of an object to hide its internal workings from other objects. In VB, programmers does not need to know what is going on inside the object, but only need to know how to work with the objects properties and methods
How many drivers are mechanics?

Object-Oriented Event-Driven Programming (OOED)


OOED uses objects in the program and runs only after the Events occur OOED is easier to work with Users can combine multiple objects to create new systems or extend existing ones

Starting VB from your computer


Toolbox [p. 27] Project Window [p. 28] useful icons Properties windows [p. 30] How to Add Controls [p. 36] How to Add Code [p. 39] The toolbar icons [p. 43]

st 1

Project (ShowName)

A Form Three Command Buttons


Show Name Click Me Exit

One Text Box One Label

Forms and Controls as Objects


Forms and Controls are two kinds of objects you may use in VB A form is a virtual blank space to design the user interface for a VB application The tools that you use to construct the user interface are controls
E.g. command button and textbox etc.

VB objects naming practice:


Start the name with a standard object abbreviation
cmd = command button, txt = text box, frm = form.

Finish the name with a descriptive word of the objects purpose Spaces and special characters are not allowed in an objects name. (E.g. cmdCancel) Examples might be:
frmMain.BackColor = vbRed txtState.Text = ""

Features of Objects
The programmer can manipulate the object through the use of three key object features: properties methods events

Object Properties
A property is a named attribute of an object. Using an analogy to English grammar, if an object is thought of as a noun, then a property may be thought of as an adjective. Used to change the appearance of objects.
An example of the relationship between objects and properties using an everyday object:
shirt.color = "Green shirt.launder = "Clean

Setting Values of Properties


During design time, properties may be set in the Properties Window.
You are in Design Time when you are
designing the project and adding code

Some properties may be set or modified during run time.


You are in Run Time when you click the VCR Run icon

Object Methods
A set of predefined activities that an object can carry out. The syntax for using an objects method is:
object.method

A method is a verb that can be carried out by the object. For the various VB objects, there are usually several methods already available. Or advanced programmers can create their own methods.

Methods Example
Real life example
dog.eat dog.bark dog.run

A Visual Basic example


E.g. frmMain.hide

Object Event
An action taken by the object when notified by a message Or, user actions taken on the object that provokes a response from the object. Examples Soccer ball: kicking, throwing, holding etc. Cat: feeding, hitting, calling etc. mouse click, form load, or key press.

VB example
Private Sub cmdsubmit_Click() End Sub

Files in Visual Basic


All projects in VB have a .vbp (project) file and at least one .frm (form file) file. Always save .frm files first and then save project files. Use File|Save or File|Save as commands for this purpose or click Disk icon on toolbar. Projects with graphics also have .frx (binary form) files. They are saved automatically. Module files have a .bas extension and are pure code files.

Save files
Important! Save early. All three types can and should have same names. Eliminate prefix (eg.frm)

Add graphic
Retrieve your 1st project from your disk Use image control Select a graphic Change the size of graphic
Stretch property of image control

Save the project

Save it
Use your last name
Eg. chen.frm, chen.vbp, chen.frx

Create a folder in your disk composed of your name Copy files to your folder Drag the folder to:
W:\apps\classes\mist4600\homework\ Dchen\testfile folder

OOED Programming Process


A six step process for writing an OOED computer program: 1. Define problem. 2. Create interface 3. Develop logic for action objects 4. Write and test code for action objects 5. Test overall project 6. Document project in writing

More Practice (step 1 to 3 only)


1. Circle problem revisit
I: radius P: calculate circumference, calculate area O: radius, circumference, area

2. Payroll problem revisit


I: employee name, pay rate, and hours worked P: calculate gross pay O: gross pay

Comments
To explain the purpose of a program, or a statement, a comment statement is added
For yourself and others

Any statement beginning with an apostrophe or REM is a comment Comments can be added to end of statements using apostrophe

VB Statements
A statement is a reserved word Statements are instructions that are built into the Visual Basic language
Some examples are: End
Option Explicit Private Sub Dim

Visual Basic Help


There are three types of Help:
Help menu option context-sensitive help and Auto Help

In VB 6, Help uses the familiar Internet Explorer browser interface for the first two types of help. You can seek help by selecting Contents, Index, or Search from the Help menu item

Context-Sensitive and Auto Help


With context-sensitive help, pressing the F1 key provides help on whatever item the cursor is located. With Auto Help, VB tries to help you with a code statement by providing:
A list of items to complete the statement Info on the statement you have started Tips on the type of data you are working with

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