Gas Turbine Power Plant

•WE LCOME
• Gas turbines have been used for

electricity generation.
• Gas turbines are ideal for this
application as they
can be started and stopped quickly .
There are two
basic types of gas turbines –
 Aero derivative and,
 Industrial.
Layout gas turbine power
plant
How does a Gas Turbine Work?
Gas turbines use the hot gas produced by burning a fuel to
drive a turbine. They are also called combustion turbines or
combustion gas turbines.
Because some of its heat and pressure energy has
been transferred to the turbine, the gas is cooler
and at a lower pressure when it leaves the
turbine. It is then either discharged up a chimney
(often called a stack) or is directed to a special
type of boiler, called a Heat Recovery Steam
Generator (HRSG), where most of the remaining
heat energy in the gas is used to produce steam.
MODEL DESIGN
The cross section of a typical large gas

turbine
Gas Turbine System
 A schematic of a gas turbine-based CHP system.

Some combined cycles extract steam at an
intermediate pressure for use in industrial
processes and are combined cycle CHP systems
The photo shows, for a large gas
turbine,
The photo shows, for a large gas turbine, the

cross-section of a typical burner/combustor
combination, the arrangement of these
combustors and the area between the
combustors and the turbine. The heat resistant
ceramic tiles used in these hot areas can be
clearly seen.
Air Compressor
The air compressors used in gas turbines are

made up of several rows of blades (similar to the
blades on a household fan). Each row of blades
compress and push the air onto the next row of
blades. As the air becomes more and more
compressed, the sizes of the blades become
smaller from row to row. The row of largest blades
can be seen at the left end of the compressor in
the photo above, with the smallest blades to the
right (the direction of air flow is from left to right).
Note: A row of blades fixed to the outer casing of
the compressor is also located after each row of
moving blades
Fuel
Gas turbines can operate on a variety of gaseous or liquid
fuels, including:
Liquid or gaseous fossil fuel such as crude oil, heavy fuel oil,
natural gas, methane, distillate and "jet fuel" (a type of
kerosene used in aircraft jet engines);
Gas produced by gasification processes using, for example,
coal, municipal waste and biomass; and
Gas produced as a by-product of an industrial process such
as oil refining.
When natural gas is used, power output and thermal
efficiency of the gas turbines are higher than when using
most liquid fuels.
Inlet Air

The air coming into the compressor of a
gas turbine must be cleaned of impurities
(such as dust and smoke) which could
erode or stick to the blades of the
compressor or turbine, reducing the power
and efficiency of the gas turbine. Dry filters
or water baths are usually used to carry
out this cleaning.
Burners and Combustors

The compressed air and fuel is mixed and
metered in special equipment called burners. The
burners are attached to chambers called
combustors. The fuel & air mixture is ignited close
to the exit tip of the burners, then allowed to fully
burn in the combustors. The temperature of the
gas in the combustors and entering the turbine
can reach up to 1350°C. Special heat resistant
materials (such as ceramics) are used to line the
inside walls of the combustors. The area between
the combustors and the turbine are also lined.
Noise
 The inlet air (blue) enters the compressor at the

left. The exhaust gas (red) leaves the turbine at the
right. The burners and combustors are located
between the compressor and turbine
 Gas turbines are very compact and occupy small
ground area.. Silencers are usually fitted in the
inlet air and exhaust gas ducts.
Gas Turbine with half
case
 The photo shows what such a gas turbine looks

like when its top half casing has been removed for
inspection or maintenance. The air compressor is
on the left and the turbine is on the right. The
section that would hold the burners and
combustors is between the compressor and the
turbine. Note the large bolts that are used to hold
the two halves of the casing together.
Gas Turbines
 Gas turbines are an established technology available in sizes ranging

from several hundred kilowatts to over several hundred megawatts. Gas
turbines produce high quality heat that can be used for industrial or
district heating steam requirements. Alternatively, this high
temperature heat can be recuperated to improve the efficiency of
power generation or used to generate steam and drive a steam turbine
in a combined-cycle plant. Gas turbine emissions can be controlled to
very low levels using dry combustion techniques, water or steam
injection, or exhaust treatment. Maintenance costs per unit of power
output are about a third to a half of reciprocating engine generators.
Low maintenance and high quality waste heat often make gas turbines
a
Half compressor
 The combustion (gas) turbines being installed in many of

today's natural-gas-fueled power plants are complex
machines, but they basically involve three main sections:
 The compressor which draws air into the engine,
pressurizes it, and feeds it to the combustion chamber
literally at speeds of hundreds of miles per hour.
THANK
YOU

Gas Turbine Power Plant

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•WE LCOME

• Gas turbines have been used for

The cross section of a typical large gas

 A schematic of a gas turbine-based CHP system.

The photo shows, for a large gas turbine, the

The air compressors used in gas turbines are

 The inlet air (blue) enters the compressor at the

 The photo shows what such a gas turbine looks

 Gas turbines are an established technology available in sizes ranging

 The combustion (gas) turbines being installed in many of

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