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Principles of Design: Proportion Balance

The document discusses several principles of design including scale, proportion, balance, rhythm, harmony, and emphasis. Scale relates to overall size, proportion examines the relationship between parts and the whole, and balance creates a sense of equilibrium through symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial arrangements. Rhythm is established through repetition, transition, or gradation. Harmony results from all design elements working cohesively together, while emphasis enhances focal points.

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82 views25 pages

Principles of Design: Proportion Balance

The document discusses several principles of design including scale, proportion, balance, rhythm, harmony, and emphasis. Scale relates to overall size, proportion examines the relationship between parts and the whole, and balance creates a sense of equilibrium through symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial arrangements. Rhythm is established through repetition, transition, or gradation. Harmony results from all design elements working cohesively together, while emphasis enhances focal points.

Uploaded by

api-25981522
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Principles of Design

Proportion

Scale Balance

Design principles are the abstract concepts that constitute


the theory, bylaws, or governing ideas that determine the
success of a design. Each element in a design can be
evaluated according to these principles.

Rhythm Harmony

Emphasis
Scale
Overall size, such as the largeness or smallness of a room,
object, or pattern. Scale compares an item or space to
something of a known size.
Scale
Proportion
Size relationship or ratio of parts to whole, such as the size of
a chair in relation to the size of its arms. Proportion is not
dependent on a know size. Proportion encompasses both the
relationship of one part of an object to its other parts or to the
whole, as well as the relationship of one object to another.
Proportion
Proportion
Balance
Balance is that quality in a room that establishes a sense
of equilibrium and repose. It is a sense of weight as the
eye perceives it. Generally, humans have a need for
balance in many aspects of their lives.

Notice below the vertical line In boxes (A) and (B), the dot is located on an
appears to balance the circle; imaginary vertical or diagonal axis. This brings
however, in the second a perceived visual order to the image. In box
circle, the diagonal line adds (C), however, the dot is haphazardly located,
movement to the circle. causing unrest to the viewer.
Balance

Equilibrium is achieved by arranging components:

symmetrically

asymmetrically

radially

1. Symmetrical
Symmetrical
Radial
Rhythm

Rhythm assists the eye in moving easily about a room from


one area to another, creating a flowing quality. The effective
application of rhythm creates continuity and interest.
Rhythm can be achieved through:

1. Repetition

2. Transition

3. Gradation
1. Repetition
Repetition is rhythm established by repeating colour, pattern, texture, line, light
or form.
Repetition
Repetition
2. Transition
Transition, another type of repetition, is rhythm found in a curved line that carries
the eye easily over an architectural element, such as an arched window, or around
items of furnishing, like drapery swags
Transition
Transition
3. Gradation or Progression
Gradation or progression is rhythm produced by the succession of the size of an
object from large to small or of a colour from dark to light.

?
Gradation or Progression
Gradation or Progression
Emphasis
Enhancement that produces a point of interest or focal point in a design.
Emphasis
Emphasis
Harmony
All the other elements and principles work together to promote
harmony. (Space, line, shape and mass, texture, light , colour, pattern,
scale & proportion balance, rhythm, and emphasis)

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