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Hot Forge

The document provides an overview of Hotforge Explosives Division, which offers products and services based on pyrotechnic or high explosive energy sources. It describes various explosive tools they provide for applications like well cutting and subsea deployment. Services include well abandonment, riser cutting, and structural cutting. Products are designed to sever tubing, casing, drill pipes, and make perforations or cuts. The division has experience providing explosive solutions for offshore oil and gas operations worldwide.

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Hamed Gerami
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212 views31 pages

Hot Forge

The document provides an overview of Hotforge Explosives Division, which offers products and services based on pyrotechnic or high explosive energy sources. It describes various explosive tools they provide for applications like well cutting and subsea deployment. Services include well abandonment, riser cutting, and structural cutting. Products are designed to sever tubing, casing, drill pipes, and make perforations or cuts. The division has experience providing explosive solutions for offshore oil and gas operations worldwide.

Uploaded by

Hamed Gerami
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hotforge Explosives Division Overview

Hotforge Explosives Division

Hotforge Division offers products and services based on pyrotechnic or high explosive energy sources Based in Aberdeen, Hotforge Division provides equipment and personnel to service customers throughout the world

Hotforge Explosives Division


Products designed and/or provided by Hotforge include For well applications: Drill Collar Cutters Shaped Charge Tubing & Casing Cutters Split Shots Downward Shooting Cannons Downward Perforating Shots Trepanning Charges

For sub sea deployment: Cutters for the simultaneous severing of concentric strings of casing Shaped Charge Cutters for cutting of anchor wire or chain, subsea wellheads other offshore installation structural members Large Perforating Charges for seabed excavation or gravity base fragmentation

Hotforge Explosives Division

Services provided by Hotforge include:

Drill String or Production Tubing Severing Junk Shot Services Sub sea well abandonment severing services Emergency riser cutting services Top sides or sub sea structural cutting for oil installation decommissioning projects Excavation for sub sea pipeline trenching Casing or conductor venting Practical training courses

Hotforge Explosives Division

Hotforge Drill Collar Cutter 1 OD


Offered as a service or sales item to wireline companies Utilising the colliding detonation shock wave mechanism, gives greatly enhanced performance over alternative single point initiated tools Introduced in 1982 the Hotforge Drill Collar Cutter has a proven track record in severing production tubing, drill pipe and collars of up to 9 OD Variable explosive loading facilitates the capability of severing production tubing without causing damage to the liner

Hotforge Explosives Division


Severing Capabilities Production Tubing Drill Pipe Heavyweight Drill Pipe Drill Collars up to 9 " OD

Maximum diameter 1 3/4" OD (excluding Top Centraliser of 2" OD) Operating limits 15,000 psi 195 deg. C for one hour

Charge details colliding shock wave mechanism comprising HNS mild detonating fuse assembly with a variable number of HMX pellets Maximum charge weight: 1.27 kg Electric Wireline Crossovers are provided: Stock range - Baker Atlas (A3) Schlumberger (SAFE puncher adaptor) Schlumberger (MH22) Schlumberger (111/16 shooting adaptor) Reeves (GO) Initiation electric detonators can be provided: either (51 ohm) (radio silence required) or PX-1 EBW system (radio safe) alternatively compatible with: Baker Atlas Guardian system Schlumberger SAFE system Coil Tubing Alternative pressure actuated firing systems can be provided for running on coil

Hotforge Explosives Division


Hotforge Drill Collar Cutter 1 OD

8 spiral drill collar severed in body from land rig in Colombia

Hotforge Explosives Division


Hotforge Drill Collar Cutter 1 OD
Always recommended to run a free point before deployment of severing tool To minimise flare shoot in tool joint To separate thin wall tubulars e.g. tubing and drill pipe always correlate in tool joint Maximum overpull right hand torque optional 8 DC packed off within 13 3/8 casing parted at tool joint UK N. Sea

Hotforge Explosives Division


Shaped Charge Jet Cutters Best of Class Cutters are utilised to sever coil tubing, production tubing and casing Sizes up to 12OD for severing 13 3/8 casing can be provided Neat cut facilitates ready retrieval of severed fish from the well Can be used in cased hole operations where damage to liner is to be prevented Cannot be used if there are restrictions above the position for cut
13 3/8 casing severed at 1830m offshore well Malaysia

Hotforge Explosives Division


Split Shot For use to sever tubing and drill pipe as an alternative to the Drill Collar Cutter when restrictions prevent the deployment of conventional shaped charge jet or chemical cutters Linear shaped charge is used to cut a longitudinal split through the tubing coupling causing the sleeve to expand and cause the pin to be released To ensure shaped charge is in contact with the target, magnets are used to decentralise charge assembly

Hotforge Explosives Division


Split Shot To ensure damage to liner is avoided alternative diameters and explosive loading of Split Shot are available

Specifications for the stock range of Split Shots available are as follows
Diameter (ins) Loading (gn/ft) Length (ins) * 0.875 500 12 1.000 500 12 1.373 600 or 900 18 or 24 2.000 1200 or 2000 18 of 24

Temperature Rating (deg F) *


Pressure Rating (psi)

325
9,500

325
10,000

325
18,000

325
18,000

48 inch long / 400 or 500 deg F rated Split Shots can be specially manufactured upon request

Hotforge Explosives Division


Junk Shots

A range of downward directed explosive perforating charges have been used to perforate ball and flapper valves
Our 3 3/8 OD Downward Shooting Cannon is used to dislodge bridge plugs and other obstructions within completions

Hotforge Explosives Division


Junk Shots The Downward Shooting Cannon utilises 225 grammes of Black Powder as a propellant to propel a 5.5kg x 2.6 OD Bullet into the target The Bullet impacts the target at a speed of 768m/s (1718 mph) and kinetic energy of 2 x 106 ft.lbs Fragments flappers without causing damage to liner

To minimise recoil minimum 160kg of weight is incorporated into the wireline assembly

Hotforge Explosives Division


Trepanning Charge

A mechanism uniquely developed by Hotforge, the Trepanning Charge cuts a neat 6 diameter circular coupon from caisson or steel plate of up to 1 wall thickness Run on drill pipe or wireline The Trepanning Charge has been used in well conductors on production platforms to vent drilling returns directly to the sea

Trepanning Charge on drill pipe carrier frame

Photo taken sub sea of vented conductor

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Well Abandonment

For well abandonments from DSVs or semi-submersible drilling rigs Utilising the colliding shock wave mechanism explosive charges can sever 4 strings of concentric casing simultaneously

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Well Abandonment

To maximise the severing action 4 standard alternatives of charge diameter are supplied namely 8,11,16 and 25 OD Charges are filled with nitromethane (flammable liquid) and D.E.T.A. (corrosive) Separately these chemicals are not explosive and therefore logistically easy to transport When mixed form a high explosive 1.35 times stronger than TNT

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Well Abandonment

EBW Exploding Bridge Wire First developed for use in nuclear weapons Simultaneity of initiation (micro-seconds) allows creation of the collision effect Contain no primary explosives Require a rapid input of electrical energy to function correctly (4000v 2000Amps <1mSec) Radio silence is not required. (API RP-67)

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Well Abandonment

Evaluation of through water shock wave can predict values of peak overpressure and impulse and determine safe vessel stand-off distances

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Well Abandonment

Factors affecting recovery include:


Age of wellhead Amount of concrete (acting as plug requiring overpull to overcome suction effect) Support vessel pulling capacitywellheads can require 90 Tonnes (200Klbs) overpull to be freed from sea bed

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Well Abandonment

Track record - Previous 64 wells:


40 wells recovered after 1 charge 16 wells recovered after 2 charges 7 wells recovered after 3 charges 1 well recovered after 4 charges

Total No. of charges run 97

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Well Abandonment

Hotforge has the resources available for completing a large number of wellhead abandonments as part of a single campaign from a DSV. With the experience gained, potential logistical and operational problems associated with such operations are minimised.

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Structural Cutting

Charge designs can be custom made to meet customer requirements Designs utilising the colliding shock wave mechanism have been employed to sever jacket legs and piles
42 OD pile severed as part of platform decommissioning offshore Netherlands

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Structural Cutting

Internally positioned circular shaped charge cutters have been utilised to sever well casing and other structural members Although producing a relatively neat cut, shaped charge reliably can sever through the wall thickness of one caisson only

30 x 1.5 wt casing severed at 3m below sea bed with shaped charge cutter

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Structural Cutting

Externally positioned shaped charge cutters have been used to sever wellhead guide posts and casings, risers, anchor wires and other offshore structural members Our pressure tight stand-off chamber cutters have been designed to function in water depths over 1,300 metres

13 5/8 casing cutter manufactured for Malaysia operations

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Structural Cutting

Our shaped charge stand-off chamber pressure compensated designs have been proven to function in water depths exceeding 1,600 metres

ROV deployed 21 riser body cutter used for dropped riser operation offshore Namibia

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Structural Cutting Linear shaped charge designs have been used to sever I-beams, stud anchor chains, jack-up racking mechanisms and sub sea structural plate Shaped charge operationally has been proven to sever easily through over 70mm wall thickness of steel Technically there is no limit 20 ft diameter buoyancy tanks severed with shaped charge during to the diameter of tubular decommissioning operation UK N. Sea that shaped charge can sever

Hotforge Explosives Division


Sub Sea Structural Cutting Demolition Charges Plaster Charges have been used to fragment concrete gravity bases Large diameter perforating charges alternatively be used to fragment concrete and have been used to excavate the sea bed during trenching operations Perforating charges can penetrate over 1 metre of rock

Trenching operation offshore Egypt

Hotforge Explosives Division


Top Sides Structural Cutting
As part of offshore decommissioning operations, explosive cutting has been proven to be a safe and practical alternative to traditional manual cutting techniques Minimising man hours expended during cutting operations No handling of cumbersome equipment in confined areas and reducing scaffolding requirements at the work face Cost reduction due to reduced manning, associated services and support Improved safety with removal of personnel from the workface as explosive cutting is conducted remotely

Pipe cut with shaped charge as part of top sides decommissioning trials

Hotforge Explosives Division


Top Sides Structural Cutting
Blade is a flexible shaped charge readily adaptable to cut alterative diameters of tubulars, I-beam or plate of up to 30mm wall thickness Enclosed in a plastic housing minimal solid projections are formed Initiated by alternatively EBWs through hardwire or by radio controlled detonating system (neither system requires radio silence procedures) To minimise the noise from the air blast water bag shock attenuation system can be employed

Blade flexible shaped charge

Hotforge Explosives Division


Environmental Studies Considerations on the effects of detonation shock waves and bubble pulse can be conducted Originally developed for military applications, independent third party dynamic finite analysis programmes are employed to give estimates on values of stress and the damage potential to vessels, pipelines or structures in the field of operation
Model of through water shock wave impinging on barge
Images courtesy of Weidlinger Ascociates

Thank You

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