SAD Chaper8

Systems Analysis and Design 8th Edition
Chapter 8 Output and User Interface Design
Phase Description
Systems Design is the third of five phases in the systems development life cycle Now you will work on a physical design that will meet the specifications described in the system requirements document Tasks will include output and user interface design, data design, and system architecture
Chapter Objectives
Discuss output design issues and various types of output Design various types of reports, and suggest output controls and security Explain the concept of user interface design and human-computer interaction, including the basic principles of user-centered design List specific guidelines for user interface design
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Chapter Objectives
Describe user interface techniques, including screen elements and controls Explain input design concepts, techniques, and methods Describe guidelines for data entry screen design Use validation checks for reducing input errors Design effective source documents and input controls
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Introduction
Output and user interface design is the first task in the systems design phase of the SDLC Output design focuses on user needs for screen and printed forms of output, while user interface design stresses user interaction with the computer, including input design and procedures
Output Design
Before designing output, ask yourself several questions:
What is the purpose of the output? Who wants the information, why is it needed, and how will it be used? What specific information will be included? Will the output be printed, viewed on-screen, or both? What type of device will the output go to?
Output Design
Before designing output, ask yourself several questions:
When will the information be provided, and how often must it be updated? Do security or confidentiality issues exist?
Your answers will affect your output design strategies
Output Design
Types of Output
Internet-based information delivery
Webcast
E-mail Blogs Instant Messaging Wireless Devices
Output Design
Types of Output
Digital audio, images, and video Podcasts Automated facsimile systems
Faxback systems
Computer output microfilm (COM) Computer output to digital media
Printed and Screen Output

Few firms have been able to eliminate printed output totally Turnaround documents Overview of Report Design
Reports must be easy to read and well organized Database programs include a variety of report design tools Character-based reports
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REFER TO EXAMPLE
Printed and Screen Output

Output Control and Security
Output must be accurate, complete, current, and secure The IT department is responsible for output control and security measures
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User Interface Design

Basic Principles of User-Centered Design
Good design depends on eight basic principles Understand the underlying business functions Maximize graphical effectiveness Profile the systems users Think like a user
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Basic Principles of UserCentered Design
Use prototyping
Storyboard Usability metrics
Design a comprehensive interface Continue the feedback process Document the interface design
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Guidelines for User Interface Design
Follow eight basic guidelines
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Focus on basic objectives Build an interface that is easy to learn and use Provide features that promote efficiency Make it easy for users to obtain help or correct errors Minimize input data problems
***REFER TO STUDENTS PROTOTYPE***
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Guidelines for User Interface Design
Follow eight basic guidelines
6. Provide feedback to users 7. Create an attractive layout and design 8. Use familiar terms and images
Good user interface design is based on a combination of ergonomics, aesthetics, and interface technology
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User Interface Controls
Menu bar Toolbar Command button Dialog box Text box Toggle button
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User Interface Controls
List box scroll bar Drop-down list box Option button, or radio button Check box Calendar control Switchboard
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Input Design
Input technology has changed dramatically in recent years The quality of the output is only as good as the quality of the input
Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) Data capture Data entry
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Input Design
Input and Data Entry Methods
Batch input
Batch
Online input
Online data entry Source data automation RFID tags or Magnetic data strips
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Input Design
Input and Data Entry Methods Batch-S/H cheaper and less complex - high volume of input - information needed later -security not demanding - reliability not critical
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RealTime - lower volume - immediate output - expensive H/S - stringent security requirements - reliability is critical
Input Design
Designing Data Entry Screens
Most effective method of online data entry is form filling Input Design Controls to reduce Errors in Data Entry
1. Restrict user access to screen locations where data is entered 2. Provide a descriptive caption for every field, and show the user where to enter the data and the required or maximum field size
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Input Design
Guidelines will help you design data entry screens
3. Display a sample format if a user must enter values in a field in a specific format - separator 4. Require an ending keystroke for every field 5. Do not require users to type leading zeroes for numeric fields 6. Do not require users to type trailing zeroes for numbers that include decimals
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Input Design
7. Display default values so operators can press the ENTER key to accept the suggested value 8. Use a default value when a field value will be constant for successive records or throughout the data entry session 9. Display a list of acceptable values for fields, and provide meaningful error messages
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Input Design
10. Provide a way to leave the data entry screen at any time without entering the current record 11. Provide users with an opportunity to confirm the accuracy of input data before entering it 12. Provide a means for users to move among fields on the form
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Input Design
13. Design the screen form layout to match the layout of the source document 14. Allow users to add, change, delete, and view records 15. Provide a method to allow users to search for specific information
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Input Design
Input Data Controls
At least eight types of data validation checks
1. 2. 3. 4. Sequence check Existence check Data type check Range check limit check
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Input Design
Input Errors
At least eight types of data validation checks
5. 6. 7. 8. Reasonableness check Validity check referential integrity Combination check Batch controls hash totals
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Input Design
Source Documents
Form layout Heading zone Control zone Instruction zone Body zone Totals zone Authorization zone
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Input Design
Input Control
Every piece of information should be traceable back to the input data Audit trail Data security Records retention policy Encrypted encryption
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Chapter Summary
The chapter began with a discussion of output design issues and a description of various types of output User-centered design principles require an analyst to understand the business functions, maximize graphical effectiveness, profile the systems users, think like a user, use prototyping, design a comprehensive interface, continue the feedback process, and document the interface design
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Chapter Summary
An effective way to reduce input errors is to reduce input volume You can also reduce errors by using welldesigned data entry screens and by using data validation checks
Chapter 8 complete
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Systems Analysis and Design 8th Edition

Chapter 8 Output and User Interface Design

Your answers will affect your output design strategies

E-mail Blogs Instant Messaging Wireless Devices

Computer output microfilm (COM) Computer output to digital media

Printed and Screen Output

Printed and Screen Output

User Interface Design

User Interface Design

User Interface Design

REFER TO STUDENTS PROTOTYPE

User Interface Design

User Interface Design

User Interface Design

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