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Inter-VLAN Routing: CCNA Exploration Semester 3

This document discusses inter-VLAN routing and configuring a router to route between VLANs. It describes using a router with subinterfaces for each VLAN, where each subinterface is assigned an IP address on the corresponding VLAN subnet. The router port connected to the switch trunk would allow all VLANs to travel over it using 802.1Q encapsulation. Common issues that could impact inter-VLAN routing like physical connectivity, VLAN assignments, trunking configuration, and router subinterface settings are reviewed for troubleshooting.

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Julian Albert Nohay
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124 views18 pages

Inter-VLAN Routing: CCNA Exploration Semester 3

This document discusses inter-VLAN routing and configuring a router to route between VLANs. It describes using a router with subinterfaces for each VLAN, where each subinterface is assigned an IP address on the corresponding VLAN subnet. The router port connected to the switch trunk would allow all VLANs to travel over it using 802.1Q encapsulation. Common issues that could impact inter-VLAN routing like physical connectivity, VLAN assignments, trunking configuration, and router subinterface settings are reviewed for troubleshooting.

Uploaded by

Julian Albert Nohay
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inter-VLAN routing

CCNA Exploration Semester 3 Chapter 6

3-Dec-13

Topics

Routing network traffic between VLANs Configuring a router for routing between VLANs Troubleshoot inter-VLAN connectivity issues

3-Dec-13

Semester 3
LAN Design Basic Switch Concepts VLANs VTP
3-Dec-13

Wireless STP

Inter-VLAN routing
3

Inter VLAN routing


Switch keeps VLANs separate. Router can route between VLANs (subnets).

3-Dec-13

Traditional inter-VLAN routing

The router has one physical port for each VLAN. Each port has an IP address on its own VLAN. Routing is the same as routing between any subnets.

3-Dec-13

Traditional inter-VLAN routing


Router Router looks sendsup out 192.168.2.0 network packet through F0/1 to port F0/1 F0/2 switchport Switchport F0/2 is on VLAN30 and forwards to PC3.

Send packet to ARP request to F0/0 of router find MAC address of default gateway
PC1 has a packet for 192.168.2.19 different subnet
3-Dec-13

Traditional inter-VLAN routing


Trunks between switches. No trunk to router.

No tags on frames to router.

3-Dec-13

S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

Trunk to the router


You soon run out of router ports. What about making a trunk link to the router? A trunk link can be used with several VLANs on the same physical port. But each VLAN needs a different IP address. So use subinterfaces, each with its own IP address.

3-Dec-13

Router on a stick
R1 F0/0 has subinterfaces, one for each VLAN. Each has its own IP address. VLAN tags on trunk.

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Availability of trunking

Not all routers allow subinterfaces for VLAN trunking on Ethernet ports. It depends on the IOS feature set. Some of ours do, others do not.

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Subinterfaces

Subinterfaces take the interface name followed by a dot and a number. It is normal to use the VLAN number. If this ties in with the IP address, even better. E.g. interface f0/0.10 The subinterfaces each have an IP address. The physical interface has no IP address The physical interfaces needs no shutdown
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Configuring subinterfaces

R1(config)#interface f0/0.10 R1(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10 R1(config-subif)#ip address 172.17.10.1 255.255.255.0 (add any other subinterfaces) R1(config-subif)#interface f0/0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown
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Routing table

Subinterfaces are shown

172.17.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 172.17.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.10 C 172.17.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0.30

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Subinterface considerations

Routers have a limited number of interfaces, so subinterfaces help where there are many VLANs. Subinterfaces share the bandwidth on a physical interface so can cause bottlenecks. Cheaper to use subinterfaces. Simpler physical layout but more complex configuration with subinterfaces.
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Multilayer switch

A multilayer switch can route between VLANs. But thats CCNP.

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15

Revision

There is some revision of setting up VLANs and VLAN trunking. Much of the router material is revision because semester 3 can be taken before or alongside semester 2.

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16

Troubleshooting

Check physical connections Check switchport VLAN assigment Check trunking on switches Check IP addressing and subnetting scheme in relation to VLANs Check router subinterface configuration

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The End

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