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Flexure Design

This document discusses flexural stress and failure modes in reinforced concrete structural members. It describes three types of flexural failure: under-reinforced, balanced, and over-reinforced sections. It also outlines basic assumptions in flexure theory, including plane sections remaining plane after bending, proportionality of strain in reinforcement and concrete to distance from the neutral axis, and neglecting tensile strength of concrete in calculations. Finally, it discusses the equivalent rectangular stress block model used to calculate flexural strength.

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359 views10 pages

Flexure Design

This document discusses flexural stress and failure modes in reinforced concrete structural members. It describes three types of flexural failure: under-reinforced, balanced, and over-reinforced sections. It also outlines basic assumptions in flexure theory, including plane sections remaining plane after bending, proportionality of strain in reinforcement and concrete to distance from the neutral axis, and neglecting tensile strength of concrete in calculations. Finally, it discusses the equivalent rectangular stress block model used to calculate flexural strength.

Uploaded by

nzb1234
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 4 - Flexure

October 2011
Flexural Stress
There are three types of flexural failure of a structural
member.
Steel may reach its yield strength before the concrete
reaches its maximum. (Under-reinforced section).
Steel reaches yield at same time as concrete reaches
ultimate strength. (Balanced section).
Concrete may fail before the the yield of steel due to
the presence of a high percentage of steel in the
section. (Over-reinforced section).
Flexural Stress
Steel may reach its yield strength before the concrete
reaches its maximum. (Under-reinforced section).
Flexural Stress
Steel reaches yield at same time as concrete reaches
ultimate strength. (Balanced section).
Flexural Stress
Concrete may fail before the the yield of steel due to the
presence of a high percentage of steel in the section.
(Over-reinforced section).
Basic Assumptions in Flexure theory of RC Members (Strength Design
Method)

1.plane section before bending remain plane after bending
2.the strain in reinforcements equals to the strain in concrete at the same
level (no slip).
1 & 2 imply that strain in reinforcement and concrete is directly
proportional to the distance from N.A.
3.the tensile strength of concrete is neglected in flexural strength
calculations.
4. the stresses in concrete and reinforcement are calculated from strains
using material stress-strain curves. Exception. For steel

>
<
=
y s y
y s s s
s
when f
when E
f
c c
c c c
003 . 0 =
cu
c

> ' '


s '
=
MPa f for f
MPa f for
c c
c
30 008 . 0 09 . 1
30 85 . 0
1
|
5. concrete is assumed to fail when compressive strain at the
extreme compression fiber reaches

6. The compressive stress block for concrete may be replaced by an
equivalent stress block of rectangular, trapezoidal, parabolic or any other
shape provided that the predicted strength results are in substantial
agreement with comprehensive test results.
Fig. 2 shows an equivalent rectangular stress block adopted by SBC-304
(Sec. 10.2.7).
In the figure
|
1
shall not be smaller than 0.65
See SBC-304, Section 10.2 and MacGregor chapter 4.
R10.2.7 For design, the SBC 304 allows the use of an equivalent
rectangular compressive stress distribution (stress block) to
replace the more exact concrete stress distribution. In the
equivalent rectangular stress block, an average stress of 0.85 fc is
used with a rectangle of depth a=
1
c

1= 0.85 for concrete with fc = 30 MPa and 0.05 less for each 7
MPa of
fc in excess of 30 was determined experimentally.
Research data from tests with high strength concretes10.1,10.2
supported the
equivalent rectangular stress block for concrete strengths
exceeding 55 MPa, with a 1= 0.65.
The equivalent rectangular stress distribution does not represent
the actual stress distribution in the compression zone at ultimate,
but does provide essentially the same results as those obtained in
tests.10. 3
Fig. R10.3.3 - Strain distribution and net tensile
strain.
New Definitions of failure modes, and strength reduction factors
(SBC 304).

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