RESORT MANAGEMENT

RESORT
Any place or places with pleasant environment and atmosphere conducive to comfort, healthful relaxation and rest, offering food, sleeping accomodation and recreational facilities to the public for a fee (definition per DOT Rules on Accreditation)

Elements of a resort
1. Recreational facilities that draw guests to the facility 2. Housing and Food & Beverage services that cater to people away from home 3. Activities to occupy guests during their stay

CLASSIFICATION OF RESORTS According to Location

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Inland Beach Plantation Bay Island Club Noah Isabelle Lakeside Lake Caliraya Farm Villa Escudero Orchard Gap Farming Resort, Davao Mountain Mt. Data Lodge, Benguet Springs Ardent Hot Springs, Camiguin

CLASSIFICATION OF RESORTS According to Activity Offered

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Diving Resort Fishing Resort Health/Spa Golf Resort Ski Resort Gaming Resort Theme Park

CLASSIFICATION OF RESORTS According to Ownership/Lodging Properties

1. Resort Hotel

Person leases the room/cottage for transient stay

Person develops/buys another home in outdoor areas Person pays for the right to accommodations at a vacation development for a specified period each year, for a specified number of years or for perpetuity. It is essentially buying accomodation in advance & paying annual contributions for maintenance

2. Second-Home Development 3. Timeshare Ownership

Concentration of tourist facilities and services in specified tourism zones allows for efficient provision of infrastructure, offers a variety of easily accessible activities and facilities for tourists, encourages integrated planning and application of development controls, and contain any negative impacts in certain areas. These tourism zones should be located to be protected and areas more suitable for other types of development. The tourism zones needed to be integrated with the transportation network that connects the zones with the gateway to the country or region.

If possible, attractions should be clustered with the secondary attractions developed near primary ones in order to encourage tourists to stay longer in the area. Planning for tour routes should apply the principle of not requiring back-tracking, that is, loop tour patterns wherever possible, infrastructure should be multipurpose serving general community needs as well as tourism.

Resort Planning
The modern concept of a resort is that planned as an integrated development with consideration given to its compatibility with the natural environment and possible benefits to local communities. Economic feasibility analysis: Analysis of the economic costs and benefits of a project to the entire area, region or country. A project may generate overall positive economic benefits by attracting tourists to the area, but not make a profit in itself.

Financial feasibility analysis: The financial rate of return and profitability of a project based only on its own costs and revenues.

Resort Planning Process

1. First, market and product assessment (referring especially to tourist attractions) is conducted, the resort development objectives, type and size determined in preliminary form, the site selected, and conceptual planning and prefeasibility analysis carried out. This analysis feeds into more specific determination of facility and land use requirements and infrastructure needs, the regional relationships including access to the site and regional integration, and the environmental and carrying capacity analysis and considerations of community relationships. 2. Then the resort and regional/community relationships plan is prepared, with phasing of development and evaluated environmentally and economically as a basis for deciding on the final plan.

3. A specific environmental and social impact analysis must be conducted of the plan to ensure that the resort will not result in undue environmentally and economically as a basis for deciding on the final plan. 4.Then a final-economic and financial feasibility analysis is carried out to make certain that the resort will be economically viable and produce an acceptable financial rate of return. The results of this analysis may also require modifications to the plan. 5. Finally, the implementation programme is prepared and construction of the first phase begins.

There is a tendency for successful resorts to eventually be overdeveloped because they have been successful thus leading to environmental problems and decline of the resorts popularity. The best approach is to establish a maximum size for each resort based on environmental and other relevant considerations and, when one resort in an area is fully developed, to then develop new resorts elsewhere in the area or rehabilitate declining existing tourism areas.

If there are local communities existing near the resort, community residents or their spokesmen should be involved in key stages of the resort planning process. Techniques should be devised for nearby residents to receive direct benefits from the resort including employment, operation of commercial facilities, and improved community infrastructure and facilities.

Each resort area is unique but some basic principles apply to the planning of most resorts. The concept of land use zoning is applicable to resorts. A basic principle is conservation of specific environmental features such as beaches, marine areas, ponds, lakes, lagoons, archaeological and historic sites, large trees and group of tree, unusual geological features and hill tops. Related to this conservation is maintenance of view planes and corridors so that there are views of important features form the building in the final development.

 Also important functional grouping of resort facilities and activities, such as accommodation, commercial and cultural facilities (often in an integrated and pedestrian oriented resort center), and recreation facilities, in suitable areas. Accommodation should be well related to the main resort attractions such as beaches but not impinging on them. Hotels, for example, should be sited well back from the beach so that the natural shoreline appearance is maintained and erosion is avoided, but within convenient walking distance from the beach.

 Resorts should have controlled access and an efficient but not high-speed road network. Emphasis should be on pedestrians in the resort and, in larger resorts, use of non-polluting vehicles such as small battery operated buses to provide general transport within the resort grounds. Public access to the resort should be allowed on a controlled basis including to the main attraction features such as beaches and historic places.

Provision of adequate infrastructure for the resort is essential to prevent environmental problems. Often this infrastructure can also be developed to serve nearby communities as one of the local benefits from the resort development. Conservation-oriented infrastructure techniques should be applied, such as treatment and recycling of sewage effluent for use in landscape irrigation and use of solar energy for water heating and natural ventilation substituting air conditioning air conditioning. Resorts are typically well landscaped to create an attractive open environment. One of the regional considerations in resort planning is that, if sufficient housing for the resort employees is not already available in nearby communities, then housing will need to be developed neat the resort. This housing should be planned as an integrated community with the full range of community facilities and services, as well as the housing provided.

Resort Planning Process

Determination of Objectives, Type & Size of Resort, including General Environmental Assessment of Area Resort Concept & Prefeasibility Analysis (with feedback to above steps, project terminated if determined infeasible) Environmental & Determination of Facility Regional Carrying Capacity & Land Use Relationships Analysis Requirements Determination of Access to Community Infrastructure Regional Relationships Requirements Integration Formulation of Regional Relationships & Resort Land Use Plan with Phasing of Development (alternative & final plans) Specific Environmental & Social Assessment (with feedback to plan formulation) Implementation Program First Stage Development Plan Retirement of Later Phases Implementation of Later Phases

Market & Product Assessment of Area

Resort Site Selection

SIMILARITIES OF HOTEL & RESORT MANAGEMENT

Both sell meals and rooms Both are labor-intensive Both have buildings and grounds which require maintenance and upkeep Courtesy and Guest service are of prime importance to both Innkeeping laws apply to both

DIFF. IN MGT. OF HOTELS & RESORTS

1. Visitor Market
Hotels cater primarily to both business travellers and leisure travellers Resorts cater primarily to the vacation and leisure travellers.

2. Facilities
Resort rooms are larger More closet space is needed for resorts Larger amount of land is required for resorts for recreational facilities

DIFF. IN MGT. OF HOTELS & RESORTS

3. Location Hotels are located in urban areas Resorts are located in rural areas
Remoteness of the resort has an appeal to the traveller who seeks an environment different from the urban & sub-urban environment of work and home Thus, resorts must be self-contained, that is, it should have generous storage for food, domestic goods, support services

DIFF. IN MGT. OF HOTELS & RESORTS

4. Recreation
Unlike hotels, resorts need to invest heavily on land and equipment for recreation Hotels operate year-round Most resorts are seasonal due to location In a hotel, service is more business-like. Guests look at hotel as temporary shelter In a resort, the guest expects to be pampered and service should convey Home & Family Hospitality

5. Seasonality

6. Personnel Attitude

DIFF. IN MGT. OF HOTELS & RESORTS

7. Managerial Knowhow
In addition to knowhow of hotel management concepts, resort managers are expected to have knowledge in two areas:
The natural resource on which the resort is based Guest activity programming Personalized guest relations

8. Labor Skills
Employees should be able to rotate in different jobs

DIFF. IN MGT. OF HOTELS & RESORTS

9. Corporate/Employer Responsibility
Local communities may highly depend on the resort for its economic future. Hence, the resort should take on additional responsibility to the community such as employment opportunities
Resort needs to provide housing for its employees and in some instances access to schools, churches, hospitals

10. Employee Housing

DIFF. IN MGT. OF HOTELS & RESORTS

11. Sources of Revenue
Hotels get most of their income fr. rooms, and F & B In addition to rooms and F&B, resorts earn a lot from recreational activities & retail sales
Many resorts cater to repeat visitors so traditions are more important Resorts should develop ways and means to develop traditions which are image-building and memorable such as annual festivals, theme weekends, sports contests, and parties

12. Resorts & Traditions

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT

Factors to Consider in resort development

Resort development involves a difficult trade-off between benefits and unfavorable impacts on the ff. aspects: 1. Economic 2. Social 3. Environmental

A. Economic Considerations in Resort Devt.

Variables that Determine Profitability 1. Capacity
The more facilities & guests, the higher the profit However, capacity is limited by Physical limitations and Ecological limitations Is the season long enough to earn profit?

2. Length of the Season

3. Capital Investment

Heavy costs in fixed assets for land, building and recreational facilities Long payback period

B. Social Considerations in Resort Devt.

It is imperative for a resort to develop & maintain good relations with the local community
They are the main source of labor They are local customers They provide community services The communitys peace & order and general attitude towards tourism and tourists has great impact on tourism movement to the resort Resort development would have positive & negative social changes

B. Social Considerations in Resort Devt.

1. Employment

Communities welcome the social benefit of job creation in construction & operations However, it has employment-related social problems: o Established industries may be disrupted if they lose good employees who transfer to the resort o Communities may resent hiring of outsiders for better paying positions o For local community members working in the resort, exposure to the high lifestyle of resorts may cause dissatisfaction w/ his lifestyle & develop a false sense of values anchored on material acquisitions & creature comforts

B. Social Considerations in Resort Devt.

2. Recreational development
Residents may resent and resist resort devt. if it they dont have access & are hindered from leisure activities they used to enjoy

3. Infrastructure requirements & demands

The resort would compete with local community for use of water, energy, transportation & communication resources

B. Social Considerations in Resort Devt.

4. Lifestyle changes
More wives may take on financial obligations than their husbands, disrupting traditional social norms Residents exposed to tourists lifestyles become inclined to spend more specially on imported goods Possible increases in prostitution, drug addiction & other crimes as a result of interaction with tourists

5. Congestion
Human traffic Vehicular traffic

C. Environmental Considerations in Resort Devt.

1. Pollution
From fertilizers, pesticides, exhaust fumes, solid wastes & sewage
Resort devt. may damage the flora & fauna Resort development may alter the view & beauty of the natural landscape

2. Conservation

3. Aesthetic impact

STEPS TO MINIMIZE ADVERSE SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

1. Conduct a study on the social & environmental impacts 2. Develop action plan to maximize positive impacts & lessen negative impacts 3. Involve the local community in the communitybased sustainable planning and development processes 4. Pursue continuing resort-community programs
Educational interchanges & lectures Social programs for the community such as medical & dental missions Joint environmental programs such as beach and reef clean-up drives

STAGES IN RESORT DEVELOPMENT

1. Feasibility Analysis & Planning
Involves forecasting of demand, market analysis, examination of site characteristics and determination of financial feasibility

2. Construction 3. Operations/Management

RESORT PLANNING PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Concepts
Resort Environment
Give the resort a distinctive image and character that provides a contrast to the tourists home environment

Environmental Orientation
Allow tourist appreciation of nature at environmentally sustainable manner

Community Orientation
Allow tourist interaction with local residents and encourage learning of local culture

RESORT PLANNING PRINCIPLES

Multi-discplinary team approach Resort marketing analysts Land use and site planners Economic & Financial feasibility anslysts Transportation & other infrastructure engineers Hotel architects & resort landscapers Environmental specialists Sociologists Specialists on the activity offered (such as dive instructors for a dive resort)

WATER-BASED RESORTS

ELEMENTS IN SELECTING BEACH SITES

1. Access to permanent or transient seasonal population 2. Access to major roads 3. Climate 4. Water quality
Monitor bacterial count resulting from swimmers, sewage overflows, and runoffs from city streets to the waters

ASPECTS OF BEACH DEVELOPMENT

1. Sea
a) air temperature, b) water temperature, c) intensity of the wind & sun, d) currents, tides and waves, e) clarity of water, f) pollution, g) ecology/marine life, h) attractions

2. Seashore
Consists of the surface under the water extending up to a depth of six feet A gentle, uniform slope until 6 ft. depth is ideal Coarse sand at the bottom is ideal

ASPECTS OF BEACH DEVELOPMENT

3. Beach
Consider quality of sand, slope and distance from the shore
Offers views to both the sea and inland Where service facilities, access roads, parking facilities & bathhouses are located Provides the setting for the attraction

4. Back Beach

5. Coastal stretch

6. Surrounding Country

BEACH RESORT PRODUCT LIFE CYLCLE

Exploration few adventurous tourists visit; no facilities Involvement - first resorts are developed Development - More resorts developed, residents sell land and move to other areas due to increased taxes

Consolidation growth levels off; resort season extended

Stagnation capacity is reached

Decline over-commercialization, congestion, less visitors

Rejuvenation measures to arrest decline