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Bairstow Method

The document describes the Bairstow method for finding all the roots of a polynomial equation. The method determines quadratic factors of the form x^2 - rx - s. It involves iteratively calculating coefficients b_n and c_n until b_n and b_{n+1} are both close to 0, indicating x^2 - rx - s is a factor. The method is demonstrated on the example polynomial x^3 - 6x^2 + 11x - 6.

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Bahang Diwanta
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245 views15 pages

Bairstow Method

The document describes the Bairstow method for finding all the roots of a polynomial equation. The method determines quadratic factors of the form x^2 - rx - s. It involves iteratively calculating coefficients b_n and c_n until b_n and b_{n+1} are both close to 0, indicating x^2 - rx - s is a factor. The method is demonstrated on the example polynomial x^3 - 6x^2 + 11x - 6.

Uploaded by

Bahang Diwanta
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BAIRSTOW METHOD

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MEMBERS OF GROUP
I Made Pendi Adi Merta [2311100033] Reka Erdanto [2311100075]

Sam Matahari [2311100134] Bahang Surya [2312106005]


Maghvirah Januarty [2312106016] Nurdina Bestari [2312106018]

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Definitions

Bairstow method is a method to find all the roots of polynomial equations by determine quadratic factors. Polynomial equation is written as follows:

Pn( x) a1 x n a2 x n 1 ... an 1
If x2-rx-s is quadratic factor which we want to find,, so:
Pn ( x) a1 x n a 2 x n 1 ... an 1
( x 2 rx s )(b1 x n 2 b2 x n 3 ... bn 1 ) bn ( x r ) bn 1
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Bairstow Method
a1 = b 1
a2 = b2 rb1
a3 = b3 rb2 sb1 : : an = bn rbn-1 sb1

If x2 - rx - s quadratic factor that is correct , then bn = 0 and bn+1= 0 . Relationship between ai and bi can be done with multiplication and identity :

b2 = a2 + rb1
b3 = a3 + rb2 + sb1 : :
bn = an + rbn-1 + sbn-2
bn+1 = an+1 + rbn + sbn-1

b1 = a 1

an+1 = bn+1 rbn sbn-1

bn and bn +1 is a function of r and s where bn = 0 dan bn+1 = 0

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How to use Bairstow Method?


Choose a value initial bn.cof n bn approach 1.cn 2 R and the value of r S, then select tolerance (cn 1) 2 cn.cn 2
Step 1

Step Determine b(i) and c(i) as below: 2 b1 = a1 c1 = b1 b2 = a2 rb1 c2 = b2 + rc1 b3 = a3 rb2 sb1 c3 = b3 + rc2 + sc1 : : : : bn = an rbn-1 sbn-2 cn = bn + rcn-1 + scn-2 bn+1 = an+1 rbn sbn-1 cn+1 = bn+1 + rcn + scn-1

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How to use Bairstow Method?


Determine: bn.cn bn 1.cn 2 2-c *c r DENOM=(c -1) 2 n n-2 n

(cn 1) cn.cn 2

Step 3

If DENOM = 0, we can set R = R+1; S=S+1, then back to the step 2. But, if DENOM #0, so we can continue to the step 5

Step 4

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How to use Bairstow Method?

We can found the new value of r and s this equation:

bn.cn bn 1.cn 2 r (cn 1) 2 cn.cn 2


Step 5

Step 5

bn 1.cn 1 bn.cn s 2 (cn 1) cn.cn 2

Found new value

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How to use Bairstow Method?


bn.s cn bn 1.we cn 2 After r and obtain, can r found value r* (cnof 1 ) 2and cs* n.cn 2 r* = r + r s* = s + s
Step 6

If {|r|} + {|s|} <= toleration, calculation must be stopped and last value of R and S is the final value of R and S. But, if {|r|} + {|s|} >= toleration, so we must determine b(i) and c(i)

Step 7

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EXAMPLE

X3 -6X2 +11X-6=0 ; Toleration= 0,05 solving method: 1. chosen the value of r & s r=0 & s=0 2. Interation Interation 1 1 -6 11 -6 r=0 0 0 0 ai s=0 0 0 1 -6 11 -6 bn bn-1 + bi r=0 0 0 0 s=0 0 0 1 -6 11 -6 ci + cn-2 cn-1 cn
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EXAMPLE

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EXAMPLE
1 11 -8.64 3.4 1 -3.6 5.76 bn 2.4 1 -1.2 cn-1 -6 2.4 -6 13.824 -12.24 + -4.416 bn-1 ai bi

Interation 2

r=2.4 s=3.4

r=2.4 s=3.4

-2.88 15.072 3.4 -4.08 6.28 6.576 cn cn+1

ci

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EXAMPLE

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EXAMPLE

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EXAMPLE

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