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Basics of Computer Learning 2

The document provides an overview of basic computer hardware and software components. It describes parts like the CPU, memory, storage devices, input/output components, and how they work together. It also explains different types of printers and displays.

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Samma Noor Gujjar
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60 views

Basics of Computer Learning 2

The document provides an overview of basic computer hardware and software components. It describes parts like the CPU, memory, storage devices, input/output components, and how they work together. It also explains different types of printers and displays.

Uploaded by

Samma Noor Gujjar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basics of Computer Learning

Memory

Basic Units Of Measurement


Bit
Binary digit Smallest unit of measurement Two possible values 0 1

on

OR

off

Byte
8 bits

Computer Parts
There are many parts that work together to make a computer work.

Hardware
Physical parts of the computer, including processor and memory chips, input/output devices, tapes, disks, modems, cable, etc.

CPU
The Central Processing Unit

Processor
The CPU The chip or chips that interpret and execute program instructions and manage the functions of input, output, and storage devices.

Computer Case
Contains the major components of the computer. It helps protect them.

Front of the Computer Case

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Inside the Computer Case

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Monitor
A display screen to provide output to the user. It is where you view the information your are working on.

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Video Card
Connects the computer to the monitor. It is a circuit board attached to the motherboard that contains the memory and other circuitry necessary to send information to the monitor for display on screen.

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Keyboard
Used to enter information into the computer and for giving commands.

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Mouse
An input device operated by rolling its ball across a flat surface. The mouse is used to control the onscreen pointer by pointing and clicking, doubleclicking, or dragging objects on the screen.

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Touchpad
A pressure-sensitive and motion sensitive device used in place of a mouse.

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CD Rom Drive
The drive that plays CDs and reads data that has been stored on the CD.

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CD
Compact Disk A type of optical storage device.

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Floppy Disk Drive


A device that holds a removable floppy disk when in use; read/write heads read and write data to the diskette.

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Hard Disk
Magnetic storage device in the computer.

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RAM
Random Access Memory RAM is a computers temporary memory, which exists as chips on the motherboard near the CPU. It stores data or programs while they are being used and requires power.

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Printer
An output device that produces a hard copy on paper. It gives information to the user in printed form.

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Barcode Reader
An input device that converts a pattern of printed bars into a number that a computer can read. They are often used by businesses to quickly input price and product information.
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Scanner
A device that allows pictures to be placed into a computer.

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Microphone
Allows the user to record sounds as input to their computer.

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Speakers
Used to generate or reproduce voice, music, and other sounds.

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Sound Card

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Modem
The place where the computer is connected to the phone line.

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Network Card
A circuit board that connects the computer to the rest of the network usually using special cables.

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Software
Programs that tell the computer what to do. It provides instructions that the CPU will need to carry out.

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INTEL PENTIUM 4 PROCESSOR

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DRAM

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SRAM

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Installing a SIMM Module

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Installing a DIMM Module

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Installing a DIMM Module (continued)

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Installing a RIMM Module

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1. Magnetic Drives

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sectors each track is divided into pieshaped wedges

cluster two or more sectors combined

tracks data is recorded in concentric circular bands


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Construction and Operation of the Hard Disk

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Floppy Disks
A floppy disk is a portable, inexpensive storage medium that consists of a thin, circular, flexible plastic disk with a magnetic coating enclosed in a square-shaped plastic shell.

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Connectors
Nearly all floppy disk drives have two connectors one for power to run the drive and the other to carry the control and data signals to and from the drive. These connectors are fairly standardized in the computer industry. A 4 pin inline connector in both large and small styles is used for power and a 34 pin connector in both edge and pin header designs is used for the data and control signals. Typically 5 drives use the large style power connector and the 34 pin edge type connector, whereas most 3 drives use the smaller version of the power connector and the 34 pin header type logic connector

(+12V) Yellow (+5V) Red

(Gnd) Black

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ASPECT RATIO & VIEWABLE AREA

TWO MEASURES DESCRIBE THE SIZE OF YOUR DISPLAY.

THE ASPECT RATIO & SCREEN SIZE.

COMPUTER DISPLAY LIKE MOST TELEVISIONS WHICH HAVE 4:3 RATIO. THIS MEANS THAT THE RATIO OF THE WIDTH OF THE DISPLAY SCREEN TO THE HEIGHT IS 4 TO 3.

FOR WIDE SCREEN LCD / TFT MONITORS, THE ASPECT RATIO CAN GO UPTO 16:9

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PHYSICAL CONSTRUCTION OF A CATHODE RAY TUBE

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Dot Matrix Printer

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Troubleshooting Dot Matrix Printers


Symptom/P roblem Print results are too light. Error-led flashes. Printer does not print. Possible cause(s) Possible solution(s) Replace ink ribbon.

Ribbon cartridge is out of ink. (dry) Printer overload.

Leave it for a while and remove all print jobs. Try printing in smaller portions. 1. Turn printer online. 2. Add paper. 3. Check cable connections. Make sure the paper is aligned and the tractor wheels are in place. Replace the print head

1. Printer is offline. 2. Printer is out of paper. 3. Printer is not connected. Paper is not properly placed or paper-feed mechanism is broken. Pins are stuck or broken.

Paper does not advance. Characters are incomplete.

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Inkjet

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LASERJET

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LASERJET

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Six sequential steps of laser printing

LASERJET

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LASERJET
Step 2: Conditioning
Drum is conditioned to contain a high electrical charge

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LASERJET

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LASERJET

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LASERJET
Step 3: Writing

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LASERJET

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LASERJET

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The interior of a power supply

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Example of Windows (GUI)

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