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Digital Fundamentals

This document discusses different types of logic gates: inverters, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, exclusive-OR, and exclusive-NOR gates. It provides truth tables and Boolean expressions for each gate that define their inputs and outputs. Pulsed waveforms are also shown to illustrate the behavior of each gate. The document aims to explain how these fundamental logic gates work at a basic level.

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badhell_18
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888 views

Digital Fundamentals

This document discusses different types of logic gates: inverters, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, exclusive-OR, and exclusive-NOR gates. It provides truth tables and Boolean expressions for each gate that define their inputs and outputs. Pulsed waveforms are also shown to illustrate the behavior of each gate. The document aims to explain how these fundamental logic gates work at a basic level.

Uploaded by

badhell_18
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital Fundamentals

CHAPTER 2
Logic Gates and Boolean Algebra

Slide 1
Logic Gates

• Inverter
• AND Gate
• OR Gate
• Exclusive-OR Gate
• NAND Gate
• NOR Gate
• Exclusive-NOR Gate

Slide 2
2.1 The Inverter

Truth table Boolean expression


0 = LOW
Pulsed waveforms
1 = HIGH

The output of an inverter is always the


complement (opposite) of the input.

Slide 3
2.2 The AND Gate

Boolean expression

Truth table
0 = LOW
1 = HIGH
Pulsed waveforms

The output of an AND gate is HIGH only


when all inputs are HIGH.

Slide 4
2.2 The AND Gate (cont….)

3-Input AND Gate

4-Input AND Gate

Slide 5
2.3 The OR Gate (cont….)

Boolean expression

Truth table
0 = LOW
1 = HIGH
Pulsed waveforms

The output of an OR gate is HIGH


whenever one or more inputs are HIGH

Slide 6
2.3 The OR Gate (cont….)

3-Input OR Gate

4-Input OR Gate

Slide 7
2.4 The NAND Gate

Boolean expression

Truth table
0 = LOW
1 = HIGH
Pulsed waveforms

The output of a NAND gate is HIGH


whenever one or more inputs are LOW.

Slide 8
2.4 The NAND Gate (cont….)

3-Input NAND Gate 4-Input NAND Gate

Slide 9
2.5 The NOR Gate (cont….)

Boolean expression

Truth table
0 = LOW
1 = HIGH
Pulsed waveforms

The output of a NOR gate is LOW


whenever one or more inputs are HIGH.

Slide 10
2.5 The NOR Gate (cont….)

3-Input NOR Gate 4-Input NOR Gate

Slide 11
2.6 Exclusive-OR Gate

Boolean expression

Truth table
0 = LOW
1 = HIGH
Pulsed waveforms

The output of an XOR gate is HIGH


whenever the two inputs are different.

Slide 12
2.7 Exclusive-NOR Gate

Boolean expression

Truth table
0 = LOW
1 = HIGH
Pulsed waveforms

The output of an XNOR gate is HIGH


whenever the two inputs are identical.

Slide 13

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