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    Confined Spaces

    Uploaded by

    Divya Rastogi
    The document provides an overview of confined space safety training. It details 24 slides that cover confined space hazards like atmospheric dangers, physical obstacles, and mechanical, electrical, and thermal risks. It emphasizes the need for air monitoring, ventilation, lockout/tagout procedures, and having a qualified rescue team on standby when working in permit-required confined spaces. The training stresses following proper entry procedures, controlling hazards, and only entering confined spaces with authorization and emergency precautions in place.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Confined Spaces

    Uploaded by

    Divya Rastogi
    210 views27 pages
    The document provides an overview of confined space safety training. It details 24 slides that cover confined space hazards like atmospheric dangers, physical obstacles, and mechanical, electrical, and thermal risks. It emphasizes the need for air monitoring, ventilation, lockout/tagout procedures, and having a qualified rescue team on standby when working in permit-required confined spaces. The training stresses following proper entry procedures, controlling hazards, and only entering confined spaces with authorization and emergency precautions in place.

    Original Description:

    Information about confined spaces from OSHA

    Original Title

    CONFINED SPACES.ppt

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    The document provides an overview of confined space safety training. It details 24 slides that cover confined space hazards like atmospheric dangers, physical obstacles, and mechanical, electrical, and thermal risks. It emphasizes the need for air monitoring, ventilation, lockout/tagout procedures, and having a qualified rescue team on standby when working in permit-required confined spaces. The training stresses following proper entry procedures, controlling hazards, and only entering confined spaces with authorization and emergency precautions in place.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    210 views27 pages

    Confined Spaces

    Uploaded by

    Divya Rastogi
    The document provides an overview of confined space safety training. It details 24 slides that cover confined space hazards like atmospheric dangers, physical obstacles, and mechanical, electrical, and thermal risks. It emphasizes the need for air monitoring, ventilation, lockout/tagout procedures, and having a qualified rescue team on standby when working in permit-required confined spaces. The training stresses following proper entry procedures, controlling hazards, and only entering confined spaces with authorization and emergency precautions in place.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 27
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that confined spaces pose atmospheric, physical, mechanical, electrical, thermal and other hazards. Proper safety precautions and entry procedures must be followed when working in confined spaces.

    The different types of hazards associated with confined spaces are atmospheric hazards, physical configuration hazards, mechanical hazards, electrical hazards, thermal hazards, noise, vibration and engulfment or entrapment hazards.

    The steps involved in confined space entry procedure are conducting a pre-entry briefing, assembling and checking equipment, establishing acceptable entry conditions, conducting initial air sampling, executing and completing an entry permit, stationing an entry attendant, establishing atmosphere monitoring, establishing communication, executing a hot work permit if applicable, posting the confined space entry permit, conducting a TSTI at the job site, entering the space, and conducting a post-entry debrief if any problems were encountered.

    PEARL GTL PROJECT

    Incident and Injury Free Critical to Life Confined Space Training Part One Rev 00 (July 2007)

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 1 Introduction to Confined Spaces

    All employees required to enter confined or enclosed spaces must be instructed in:
    nature of the hazards necessary precautions to be taken use of protective and emergency equipment

    The employer must comply with any specific regulations that apply to work in dangerous or potentially dangerous areas.
    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 2 - Types of Confined Spaces


    A confined space is any fully or partly enclosed space which: is not a normal place of work; has a restricted means of entry and exit; and may have a dangerous atmosphere. This includes: storage tanks; boilers and pressure vessels; excavation greater than 1.5 m; pits; pipes; sewers; shafts; ducts; and

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 3 - Hazards of Confined Spaces Atmospheric Physical Configuration Mechanical Electrical Thermal Noise Vibration Engulfment or Entrapment

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 4 - Entry Point Hazards

    Small Openings make entry and rescue difficult Sharp edges can tear protective clothing or air lines Temporary ladders and vent gear can make even large openings difficult to transit Vertical entry points are fall hazards

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 5 - Physical Configuration Hazards

    The use and shape of a space can create hazardous conditions Use of Ladders & Scaffolding Wet or slippery surfaces Uneven bottoms Bends in tunnels Narrow areas that can entrap workers Poor lighting

    Use retrieval & fall protection when possible

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 6 - Mechanical Hazards

    Some confined spaces have unguarded mechanical equipment such as:

    Paddles Blades Shafts Chain or belt drives All equipment must be Locked and Tagged before entry

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 7 - Electrical Hazards

    Electric Shock is a possible hazard in Confined Spaces Hazard Sources include:


    Broken lighting Electrical sensing devices Limit switches Level indicating devices Hazards from equipment taken inside

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 8 - Temperature Hazards

    High and Low Temperatures are Hazards Burns Heat Stress Wearing Protective clothing can increase the heat stress on a worker, make sure that you take regular breaks

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 9 - Worker Comfort

    Factors affecting worker comfort: Air temperature Air velocity though the space Humidity Radiant heat

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 10 - Oxygen depletion

    The flow of air through a confined space is known as the ventilation.


    Poor ventilation can lead to an oxygen deficient atmosphere inside a confined space. The air in your workplace must contain between 19 - 21% oxygen to sustain life. 15% oxygen concentration - muscle control is impaired. 10 - 14% oxygen concentration - impaired judgement. 8 - 10% oxygen concentration fainting and nausea. 6 - 10% oxygen concentration - collapse, unconsciousness and death.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 11 - Poor ventilation

    Poor ventilation will prevent stale air and toxic gases escaping from a confined space.

    Carbon dioxide displaces air from the confined space and reduces the oxygen levels.

    Use forced ventilation if natural ventilation cannot:


    provide enough oxygen; and remove toxic gases.

    Never enter a confined space unless it is adequately ventilated and has been tested for oxygen content.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 12 - Contaminants
    Residue can be left behind in the form of liquids, solids or gases.

    Viruses and bacteria can be found in confined spaces.

    Toxic and corrosive residues such as hydrochloric acid, caustic soda and cyanide can be found in process vessels, pipes and storage tanks.

    Liquids and sludges can also be a slip hazard.

    All contaminants should be cleaned out and removed, if possible, without entering the confined space.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 13 - Flammable and explosive vapours


    Flammable and explosive vapours can be found inside empty flammable liquid storage tanks.

    Test any confined space you suspect of containing flammable gases and vapours to determine the gas concentration.

    Purge the confined space with air to remove or dilute the gas to a safe working level.

    Never introduce a naked flame or spark into a confined space until the gas concentration has been reduced to a safe working level.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 14 - Moving parts and piping

    Confined spaces can contain moving internal parts such as agitators, rakes, augers, rollers or conveyors.

    Confined spaces are often connected to other vessels, containers and equipment via pipes and ducts.

    Before you enter a confined space you must check to ensure: all moving parts are isolated and tagged to prevent movement; and all pipes and ducts leading into and out of the confined space are closed, isolated and tagged to prevent any inflow.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 15 - Lighting and electricity


    Use either 32 volt portable lighting or 240 volt portable lighting with earth leakage protection.

    When using portable electric tools inside a confined space make sure they are: double insulated; and connected to a portable earth leakage protection unit.

    Suspend all electric power cables so they do not create a trip hazard.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 16 - Confined Space Entry Permit


    The Confined Space Entry Permit is used to record all tests and checks. It also indicates if the confined space has been cleared for entry. Always read the permit before entering the confined space. Always sign onto the permit before entering the confined space. Always sign off the permit as you leave the confined space. Never enter a confined space until a Confined Space Entry Permit has been issued.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 17 - Controlling Confined Space Hazards

    Each Confined Space has different hazards. Hazards can also change with time and usage.
    Post signs to warn of the dangers. Use barriers to prevent uncontrolled access Develop and use a written space entry program. Conduct air monitoring and tests to identify and evaluate hazards. Define acceptable entry conditions. Monitor entry conditions Eliminate or control the space's atmospheric hazards before entry Lockout all internal hazards prior to entry

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 18 - Basic Confined Space Entry Procedure

    All entrants, supervisors and entry attendants must be fully qualified


    1. Conduct Pre-Entry Briefing 2. Assemble and check equipment 3. Establish Acceptable Entry Conditions 4. Conduct initial air sampling 5. Execute & Complete Entry Permit 6. Station Entry Attendant

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 19 Entry Procedure (continued)

    7. Establish Monitoring of Atmosphere 8. Establish Communication 9. Execute Hot Work Permit if applicable 10.Post Confined Space Entry Permit 11. Do a TSTI at the job site 12. Enter Space 13. Postentry debrief if problems were encountered

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 20 - Confined Space Safety

    Keep access-ways and ventilation points free of obstructions. Keep engine exhausts away from ventilation intakes. Never store flammable or explosive gases or liquids in front of access-ways. Never enter a confined space without authorisation from your Supervisor. Ensure that an observer is posted outside the confined space at all times while people are working inside.

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 21 Testing the Atmosphere

    Testing the atmosphere: Verify presence of safe work atmosphere.


    Calibrate Air Monitoring Equipment before use Test all areas of a confined space Top, Middle, Bottom Check for Explosive & Toxic Gases Check Oxygen level

    Record all readings

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 22 Ventilation

    Ventilation:
    Consider best of exhaust or supply or both Provide workzone exhaust if welding Plan ventilation supply and exhaust paths Ensure no re-circulation of air supply Use continuous ventilation

    Retest the confined space before and during entry

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 23 Lock Out / Tag Out (LOTO)

    Lock Out / Tag Out (LOTO) Lock & tagging ALL electrical sources. Blank & bleeding fluid lines Disconnect mechanical drives &shafts. Secure mechanical parts Lock & Tag all valves

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide 24 Rescue Team

    RESCUE Team

    A Qualified Rescue Team and rescue equipment must be available for entry into all Permit Required Confined Spaces Qualified Entry Attendant must be in constant communication with workers in the space Entry Attendant must have source of communication with the Rescue Team

    Rev01 - draft

    Slide Confined Space Personnel (Revision)

    Safe Working Practices


    Rev01 - draft

    Rev01 - draft

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