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Done by - Sayan .T. Youseph Roll No - 19 Vii - B KVNO-2

The document summarizes several calculating devices throughout history including the calculator, computer, Napier's Bones, Abacus, and Leibniz. It describes that Blaise Pascal built the first automatic mechanical calculator called the Pascaline in 1642. Charles Babbage created the first "Computing machine" called the Babbage machine in 1822 which was the basis for modern computers. Napier invented logarithms and John Napier created Napier's Bones, a tool used before slide rules. The Abacus dates back to ancient times and was used in parts of Asia. Gottfried Leibniz independently developed calculus and refined the binary system foundational to digital computers.

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Sahal T Youseph
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87 views

Done by - Sayan .T. Youseph Roll No - 19 Vii - B KVNO-2

The document summarizes several calculating devices throughout history including the calculator, computer, Napier's Bones, Abacus, and Leibniz. It describes that Blaise Pascal built the first automatic mechanical calculator called the Pascaline in 1642. Charles Babbage created the first "Computing machine" called the Babbage machine in 1822 which was the basis for modern computers. Napier invented logarithms and John Napier created Napier's Bones, a tool used before slide rules. The Abacus dates back to ancient times and was used in parts of Asia. Gottfried Leibniz independently developed calculus and refined the binary system foundational to digital computers.

Uploaded by

Sahal T Youseph
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DONE BY SAYAN .T.

YOUSEPH ROLL NO -19 VII B KV NO -2

CALCULATING DEVICES-CALCULATOR ,
COMPUTER, NAPIER'S BONES, LEIBNIZ, ABACUS .

The founder of calculator is a mathematician named Blaise Pascal . The invention was made by a young man named Blaise Pascal, of French origin. The main reason why Pascal created the calculator was not to take the world of math's by storm, that was actually far from what he wanted. He created it to help his dad handle taxes, since he was tax adjuster and all. He didnt know this invention would suddenly take off into epic proportions, not at all. In 1642, at the age of eighteen, French mathematician Blaise Pascal built the first automatic mechanical calculator that could add and subtract, called the Pascaline.

The first Computing machine was made by Charles Babbage in 1822. His idea was not to create a computer ,But to create a machine that would compute math problem. He was tired of Human error in completing math problems ,So he sought to create a infallible math machine ,but what he got was instead a machine that was the basis for what we know now as a computer. His machine , the Babbage machine was the first programmable , analytical machine & it was fully automatic calculating machine , fundamentally modern day computers does the same thing, read a program &

COMPUTER

Napier Bones a mathematician , A Mathematician, the highlight of John Napier's life was the creation of logarithms and the decimal notation for fractions. His other mathematical contributions included: a mnemonic for formulas used in solving spherical triangles, two formulas known as Napier's analogies used in solving spherical triangles, and the exponential expressions for trigonometric functions. In 1621, English mathematician and clergyman, William Ought red used Napier's logarithms when he invented the slide rule. Ought red invented the standard rectilinear slide rule and circular slide rule.

The abacus also called a counting frame, is a calculating tool used primarily in parts of Asia for performing arithmetic processes . The abacus was in use centuries before the adoption of the written modern numeral system and is still widely used by merchants, traders and clerks in Asia ,Africa and elsewhere. The oldest known Chinese abacus date back to the 2nd century BC, it was constructed differently than the abacus. It was typically eight inches tall, the length varied though, depending on who the operator was, however they typically had more than seven rods. They had an upper and lower deck.. They were used for more than just addition and subtraction. he user of an abacus is called an abacist.

Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (July 1, 1646 14, Nov 1716) was a German mathematician & Philosopher. He occupied a place in the history of mathematician & in the history of philosophy .Leibniz developed the infinitesimal calculus independently of Isaac Newton, & Leibnizs mathematical notation has been widely used ever since it was published .It was only in the 20 th century that his Law of continuity & Transcen dental Law of Homogeneity found mathematical implementation. He became one of the most prolific inventors in the field of Mechanical Calculator. He also refined the binary number system, which is at the foundation of virtually all digital computer .

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