SV INTERFACES
DISADVANTAGES OF VERILOGS MODULE PORTS
Declarations must be duplicated in multiple modules. Communication protocols must be duplicated in several modules. There is a risk of mismatched declarations in different modules. A change in the design specification can require modifications in multiple modules.
EXAMPLE
ADVANTAGES OF SYSTEM VERILOG INTERFACES
an interface is an abstract port type An interface allows a number of signals to be grouped together and represented as a single port. The declarations of the signals that make up the interface are contained in a single location.
Interface Definitions
Top-level Netlist
SYSTEM VERILOG INTERFACE CONTENTS
interfaces can contain functionality
Communication protocols can be defined in the interface. Protocol checking and other verification routines can be built directly into the interface.
Interfaces eliminate redundant declarations
DIFF B/W MODULES & I/Fs
Interfaces are not the same as modules
1. an interface cannot contain design hierarchy 2. an interface can be used as a module port, which is what allows interfaces to represent communication channels between modules. 3. an interface can contain modports, which allow each module connected to the interface to see the interface differently
I/F DECLARATIONS
interfaces are defined in a similar way as modules An interface can have ports, just as a module does. This allows signals that are external to the interface, such as a clock or reset line, to be brought into the interface and become part of the bundle of signals represented by the interface. SystemVerilog greatly simplifies netlists
Source code declaration order
an interface name can be used before its definition any module can use an interface as a module port, without concern for the order in which the source code is compiled.
GLOBAL & LOCAL I/F DEFs
interfaces can be global declarations This allows an interface definition to be used as a port by any module, anywhere in the design hierarchy. interfaces can be limited to specific hierarchy scopes An interface definition can be nested within a module, making the name of the interface local to that module. Only the containing module can instantiate a locally declared interface. This allows the use of an interface to be limited to just one portion of the design hierarchy, such as to just within an IP model.
USING I/Fs AS MODULE PORTS
Explicitly named interface ports
A module port can be explicitly declared as a specific type of interface. This is done by using the name of an interface as the port type.
module <module_name> (<interface_name> <port_name>); For example: interface chip_bus; ... endinterface module CACHE (chip_bus pins, // interface port input clock); ... endmodule
Generic interface ports
A generic interface port defines the port type using the keyword interface, instead of a using the name of a specific interface type. module <module_name> (interface <port_name>);
module RAM (interface pins, input clock); ... endmodule
INSTANTIATING & CONNECTING I/Fs
interface ports must be connected the port of an interface can connect to another interface
This capability allows one interface to be connected to another interface.
The main bus of a design, might have one or more
sub-busses.
REFERENCING S/Ls WITHIN AN I/F
signals in an interface are referenced using the port name
I/F MODPORTS
modports define interface connections from the perspective of the module
Selecting the modport in the module instance
the modport can be selected in the module instance
USING TASKS & FUNCTIONS IN I/Fs
Interface methods an interface method is a task or function Methods encapsulate functionality in one place
an interface can be used not only to encapsulate the data
connecting modules, but also the communication protocols between the modules.
Importing interface methods
modules can import interface methods
1. a method can be imported using just its name
2. a method can be imported using a full prototype
USING PROCEDURAL BLOCKS IN I/Fs
interfaces can contain protocol checkers and other functionality
an interface can contain functionality that can be described using
always, always_comb, always_ff, always_latch, initial or final procedural blocks, and assign statements. An interface can also contain verification program blocks.
usage of procedural blocks within interfaces is to facilitate verification of a design.
RECONFIGURABLE I/Fs
Interfaces can use parameter redefinition and generate statements, in the same way as modules. This allows interface models to be defined that can be
reconfigured each time an interface is instantiated.
interfaces can use parameters, the same as modules
interfaces can use generate blocks Generate blocks can be used to replicate continuous assignment statements or procedural blocks within an interface any number of times.
VERIFICATION WITH I/Fs
Communication protocols can be verified before a design is modeled An interface can contain methods for the communication protocols, the interface can be tested and verified independent of the rest of the design. Modules that use the interface can be written knowing
that the communication between modules has already
been verified.
