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Mete 222 Introduction To Materials Science & Engineering: Course Objective... You Will Learn About

This document provides an overview and chapter summaries for an introduction to materials science and engineering course. The course will introduce fundamental concepts in materials science including material structure, how structure dictates properties, and how processing can change structure. Specific chapters will cover topics like mechanical properties, mechanical failure, bonding and properties, crystal structures, defects in solids, dislocations and strengthening, phase diagrams, diffusion in solids, phase transformations, and applications and processing of metals, ceramics, and polymers.

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68 views18 pages

Mete 222 Introduction To Materials Science & Engineering: Course Objective... You Will Learn About

This document provides an overview and chapter summaries for an introduction to materials science and engineering course. The course will introduce fundamental concepts in materials science including material structure, how structure dictates properties, and how processing can change structure. Specific chapters will cover topics like mechanical properties, mechanical failure, bonding and properties, crystal structures, defects in solids, dislocations and strengthening, phase diagrams, diffusion in solids, phase transformations, and applications and processing of metals, ceramics, and polymers.

Uploaded by

aydn_89
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MetE 222 Introduction to Materials Science & Engineering

Course Objective...
Introduce fundamental concepts in MSE

You will learn about:


material structure how structure dictates properties how processing can change structure

This course will help you to:


use materials properly realize new design opportunities with materials
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MetE 222 Introduction to Materials Science & Engineering

Instructor : Prof. Dr. akir Bor Text :


Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction

By W.D. Callister, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (2003).

Chapter 1: Introduction
Classification of Engineering Materials
Metals and Alloys: Metallic or combination of metallic elements.
Large number of nonlocalized electron so good conductors of heat and electricity, opaque to visible light, strong but deformable (e.g. iron, steel, copper, bronze)

Structural feature between metallic and Dimension (m) Ceramics : Compounds nonmetallic elements. Insulators of heat and electricity, resistant to high temperature and hars < 10 -10
environments, hard but very brittle (e.g. CaO, Al2O3, FeS)

-10 10 Polymers: Organic compounds based on C, H and other nonmetallic -8extremelyflexible elements Large molecular structures, low density and (e.g. crystals (ordered atoms) 10 -10-1
Plastics and rubber).

crystal texturing Properties,

Structure &

10 -8 -10-4 Processing > 10 -6


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CHAPTER 6: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES


Stress and strain: What are they and why are they used instead of load and deformation? Elastic behavior: When loads are small, how much deformation occurs? What materials deform least? Plastic behavior: At what point do dislocations cause permanent deformation? What materials are most resistant to permanent deformation? Toughness and ductility: What are they and how do we measure them?
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CHAPTER 8: MECHANICAL FAILURE


How do flaws in a material initiate failure? How is fracture resistance quantified; how do different material classes compare? How do we estimate the stress to fracture? How do loading rate, loading history, and temperature affect the failure stress?

Ship-cyclic loading from waves.

Computer chip-cyclic thermal loading.

Hip implant-cyclic loading from walking.


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CHAPTER 2: BONDING AND PROPERTIES


How the type of material and properties are related to bonding?

Ceramics
(Ionic & covalent bonding):

Large bond energy


large Tm large E small a

Metals
(Metallic bonding):

Variable bond energy


moderate Tm moderate E moderate a

Polymers
(Covalent & Secondary):

Directional Properties
small T small E large a
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CHAPTER 3: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES & PROPERTIES


How do atoms assemble into solid structures? Why do material properties vary with orientation in single crystals?

What is a polycrystal and why do they form?

CHAPTER 4: IMPERFECTIONS IN SOLIDS


What types of defects arise in solids?

Can the number and type of defects be varied and controlled?


How do defects affect material properties? Are defects undesirable?

CHAPTER 7:
DISLOCATIONS AND STRENGTHENING
Why are dislocations observed primarily in metals and alloys?

How are strength and dislocation motion related?


How do we increase strength?

How can heating change strength and other properties?

CHAPTER 9: PHASE DIAGRAMS


When we combine two elements...
what equilibrium state do we get?

In particular, if we specify...
--a composition (e.g., wt%Cu - wt%Ni), and --a temperature (T)

then...
How many phases do we get? What is the composition of each phase? How much of each phase do we get?

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CHAPTER 5: DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS


Motion and dynamical nature of atoms How does diffusion occur?

Why is it an important part of processing? How does diffusion depend on structure and temperature?

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STRUCTURE & DIFFUSION


Diffusion FASTER for...
open crystal structures lower melting T materials materials w/secondary bonding smaller diffusing atoms lower density materials

Diffusion SLOWER for...


close-packed structures higher melting T materials materials w/covalent bonding larger diffusing atoms higher density materials

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CHAPTER 10: PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS


Transforming one phase into another takes time.
Fe


(Austenite)
FCC

Eutectoid transformation

Fe 3 C
(cementite)

+ a
(ferrite)

(BCC)

How does the rate of transformation depend on time and T? How can we slow down the transformation so that we can engineering non-equilibrium structures? Are the mechanical properties of non-equilibrium structures better?

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PROCESSING OPTIONS N STEELS

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CHAPTER 11 METAL ALLOYS APPLICATIONS AND PROCESSING


How are metal alloys classified and how are they used?

What are some of the common fabrication techniques?


How do properties vary throughout a piece of material that has been quenched, for example?

How can properties be modified by post heat treatment?

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CHAPTER 12: STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CERAMICS


Structures of ceramic materials:
How do they differ from that of metals?

Point defects:
How are they different from those in metals?

Impurities:
How are they accommodated in the lattice and how do they affect properties?

Mechanical Properties:
What special provisions/tests are made for ceramic materials?
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CHAPTER 13: APPLICATIONS AND PROCESSING OF CERAMICS


How do we classify ceramics? glasses clay products refractories cements What are some applications of ceramics? How is processing different than for metals?

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CHAPTERS 14/15: POLYMER STRUCTURES, APPLICATIONS, & PROCESSING


What are the basic microstructural features? How do these features dictate room T tensile response? Hardening, anisotropy, and annealing in polymers. How does elevated temperature mechanical response compare to ceramics and metals?

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