Raheel Shabir Ahmed
S-2014 BEEE5
Contents
Zigbee and Blue tooth
Zigbee Targets
Protocol Stack
Overview 802.15.4
IEEE 802.15.4 PHY
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
Mac Layer Devices
Non-Beacon Mode
Beacon Mode
Data Transfer Modes
Association and
Dissociation
Networking In Zigbee
Application Of Zigbee
Zigbee
and Blue
Tooth
complementary
Bluetooth Zigbee
Protocol Stack 250 kb 32 kb
Range 10 – 100 m 30 – 100 m
Link Rate 1 Mbps 250 kbps
Battery Rechargeable Non-rechargeable
Devices 8 2^16
Air Interference FHSS DSSS
Usage frequently infrequently
Network Join time Long short
Extendibility No yes
Security PIN, 64 bit,128 bit 128 bit, AES
Zigbee
Targets
ZIGBEE TARGETS
Low power consumption
Simple Design
Few costs
Applications
Controlling
Monitoring
Zigbee
Protocol
Stack
PROTOCOL STACK
OVERVIEW 802.15.4
IEEE 802.15.4 is a simple packet data
protocol for
lightweight wireless networks
Focus on
Reliability
Simplicity
Low power
Low cost
IEEE 802.15.4 PHY
Features
Activation/Deactivation of radio
transceiver
Energy Detection (ED)
Link Quality Indication (LQI)
Channel Selection
Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)
Transmission/Reception of packets over
physical medium
IEEE 802.15.4 PHY
PHY protocol data unit
SHR – allows receiving device to
synchronize with bit stream
PHR – contains frame length information
Variable length payload carrying MAC sub
layer frame
MAC
LAYER
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
Features
Beacon Management
Channel Access
Guaranteed Time Slot (GTS ) management
Frame Validation
Acknowledged Frame Delivery
Association/Dissassociation with PAN
coordinator
MAC LAYER – DEVICE TYPES
Full Function Device (FFD)
Network router function
Any Topology
Reduced Function Device (RFD)
Easy and cheap to implement
Limited to star topology
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Coordinator
Maintains overall network knowledge
Needs most memory and computing
power
MAC LAYER – CHANNEL ACCESS – NON
BEACON MODE
Device
Device B
A
Channel
busy!!
MODE
Superframe Structure
Format defined by coordinator
Bounded by network beacons
Divided into 16 equally sized slots
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
Superframe Structure
Contention Access Period (CAP) – CSMA-CA
Contention Free Period (CFP) – GTS
Can allocate up to 7 GTSs, each longer
than 1 time slot
DATA TRANSFER MODEL
Three types of data transfer
Coordinator to Device
Device to Coordinator
Between peer devices
DATA TRANSFER MODEL
Coordinator to Device Device to Coordinator
Beacon Enabled Mode
Non-Beacon Enabled Mode
DATA TRANSFER MODEL
Beacon Enabled Mode
Coordinator to Device
DATA TRANSFER MODEL
Beacon Enabled Mode
Device to Coordinator
DATA TRANSFER MODEL
Non-Beacon Enabled Mode
Coordinator to Device
DATA TRANSFER MODEL
Non-Beacon Enabled
Mode
Device to
coordinator
MAC LAYER – ASSOCIATION
PAN Coordinator End Device
Association Established
PACKET STRUCTURE – DATA FRAME
Designed for minimum complexity
PPDU = Physical Protocol Data Unit
4 different MAC Frames
Data Frame is most important one
Up to 104 byte payload
Data Sequence Numbering
FCS = Frame Check Sequence
ACKNOWLEDGMENT FRAME
Also very important frame
Feedback from receiver to sender
No payload
Network
of zigbee
ZigBee Mesh
Networking
Slide 28
ZigBee Mesh
Networking
Slide 29
ZigBee Mesh
Networking
Slide 30
ZigBee Mesh
Networking
Slide 31
ZigBee Mesh
Networking
Slide 32
Application
of zigee
Application Of Zigbee
Home Automation
Applications
Industrial and Commercial
Monitors
Movement Sensors
Automation
Personal Healthcare
Patient monitors
Remote Diagnosis
Data loggers
Building Automation
Security
Lighting
Fire and Safety systems
Automotive
Service controls
Inventory tracking
Summary
IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN
Defines standard for low power, low data rate networks
Defines network topologies that should be supported
IEEE 802.15.4 PHY
Physical layer specification of standard
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
MAC specification of standard
Zigbee Routing Layer
Routing layer on top of PHY and MAC, enabling support
for the “star, mesh, and cluster-tree” network topologies
References
[1] ZigBee Specifications v1.0
[2] “Designing with 802.15.4 and ZigBee”, Presentation Slides, available on ZigBee.org
[3] “ZigBee Tutorial”, http://www.tutorial-reports.com/wireless/zigbee
[4] IEEE 802.15.4 Specification
[5] “Network Layer Overview”, Presentation Slides, Ian Marsden, Embedded Systems Show, Birmingham,
October 12th, 2006, 064513r00ZB_MG_Network_Layer_Overview.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
[6] “Designing a ZigBee Network”, Presentation Slides, David Egan, Ember Corporation, ESS 2006,
Birmingham, 064516r00ZG_MG_Network_Design.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
[7] “ZigBee Architecture Overview”, Presentation Slides, Oslo, Norway June 2005,
ZigBee_Architecture_and_Specifications_Overview.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
[8] “Low Power Consumption Features of the IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee LR-WPAN Standard”,
http://www.cens.ucla.edu/sensys03/sensys03-callaway.pdf
[9] “ZigBee Home Automation Mobile from Pantech”, http://www.i4u.com/article2561.html
[10] “Basic Lecture - ZigBee” http://www.korwin.net/eng/infor/info_zb_01.asp
[11] “Introduction to the ZigBee Application Framework”, Presentation Slides, ZigBee Open House, San
Jose, June 15th, 2006, 053340r06ZB_AFG-Overview-ZigBee-Open-House.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
The End
