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Role of Political Parties

Political parties in India represent different sections of society and regions, and play a major role in India's government. Both the executive and legislative branches are run by representatives elected through the electoral process. India has a multi-party system with many national and regional parties. The two largest parties have traditionally been the Indian National Congress, which ruled for 48 of India's first 61 years of independence, and the Bharatiya Janata Party, the current ruling party. Regional issues, economic development, and law and order are some of the key political issues addressed by India's various parties.

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Sujesh P Lal
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1K views7 pages

Role of Political Parties

Political parties in India represent different sections of society and regions, and play a major role in India's government. Both the executive and legislative branches are run by representatives elected through the electoral process. India has a multi-party system with many national and regional parties. The two largest parties have traditionally been the Indian National Congress, which ruled for 48 of India's first 61 years of independence, and the Bharatiya Janata Party, the current ruling party. Regional issues, economic development, and law and order are some of the key political issues addressed by India's various parties.

Uploaded by

Sujesh P Lal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Role Of Political Parties

 Politicalparties represent different sections among the


Indian society and regions, and their core values play a
major role in the politics of India.
 Both the executive branch and the legislative
branch of the government are run by the
representatives of the political parties who
have been elected through the elections.
 Through the electoral process, the people of
India choose which majority in the lower
house, a government can be formed by that
party or the coalition.
Role Of Political
Parties(cont…)
 India has a multi-party system, where there
are a number of national as well as regional
parties.
 A regional party may gain a majority and rule
a particular state. If a party represents more
than 4 states then such parties are
considered as national parties.
 In the 61 years since India's independence,
India has been ruled by the Indian National
Congress (INC) for 48 of those years. INC
ruled two brief periods 1970s and late 1980s
 Due to controversial state of emergency
declared by former prime minister indira
Role Of Political
Parties(cont…)
 The Janata Dal won elections in 1989, but its
government managed to hold on to power for only
two years.
 Between 1996 and 1998, there was a period of
political flux with the government being formed
first by the right-wing nationalist Bharatiya Janata
Party (BJP) followed by a left-leaning United Front
coalition.
 In 1998, the BJP formed the National Democratic
Alliance with smaller regional parties, and became
the first non-INC and coalition government to
complete a full five-year term.
 The 2004 Indian elections saw the INC winning the
largest number of seats to form a government
leading the United Progressive Alliance, and
Role Of Political
Parties(cont..)
 On 22 May 2004, Manmohan Singh was appointed the
Prime Minister of India following the victory of the INC
& the left front in the 2004 Lok Sabah election.
 The UPA now rules India without the support of the left
front. Previously, Atal Bihari Vajpayee had taken office in
October 1999 after a general election.
Political Issues
Social issues
 The lack of homogeneity in the Indian
population causes division between different
sections of the people based on religion,
region, language, caste and race. This has led
to the rise of political parties. Some parties
openly profess their focus on a particular
group:
 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam's- dravid
population, Shiv Sena's pro-Marathi agenda,
Rashtriya Janata Dal-Yadav and Muslim
population of Bihar, All India Trinamool
Congress does not have any significant
support outside West Bengal, Bharatiya Janata
Party- pro-Hindu, and anti-Muslim and anti-
Economic Issues
 Economics issues like poverty, unemployment, development
are main issues that influence politics.
 Garibi hatao (eradicate poverty) has been a slogan of the
Indian National Congress for long.
 The Bharatiy Janata Party is seen as a party favorable to
businesses and economic development.
 The Communist Party of India has a left-wing view of
economics and is opposed to privatization, globalization and
foreign investments.
 The economic policies of most other parties do not go much
further than providing populist subsidies and reservations.
 As a noteworthy case, the manifesto of the Samajwadi Party,
the third largest party in the 15th Lok Sabah, for the 2009
general elections promised to reduce the use of computers upon
being elected.
Law and order
 Religious violence, terrorism, Naxalism, and caste-related
violence are major issues that affect the political scene of India.
 Stringent anti-terror legislations like TADA, POTA and
MCOCA have received much political attention, but in favor as
well as criticism.
 Law and order issues such as action against organized crime
are not issues that affect the outcomes of elections.
 On the other hand, there is a criminal-politician nexus.
 Many elected legislators have criminal cases against them.
 In July 2008 Washington Times reported that nearly a fourth of
the 540 Indian Parliament members faced criminal charges,
including human trafficking, immigration rackets,
embezzlement, rape and even murder.

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