Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
IMMUNODEFICIENCY
SYNDROME)
-
Is HIV and AIDS the
same thing?
HIV
“Human Immunodeficiency
Syndrome”
A specific type of virus (a
retrovirus)
HIV invades the helper T cells to
replicate itself.
No Cure
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
Disease limits the body’s ability to
fight infection
A person with AIDS has a very
weak immune system
No Cure
New HIV Infections in
2002 by Age Group
Four Stages of HIV
Stage 1 - Primary
Short, flu-like illness - occurs one
to six weeks after infection
no symptoms at all
Infected person can infect other
people
Stage 2 -
Asymptomatic
The immune
system
weakens
The illnesses
become more
severe leading
to an AIDS
OTHER EXAMPLES 4
STAGE :4
Opportunistic Infections
associated with AIDS
Bacterial
Tuberculosis
(TB)
Strep
pneumonia
Viral
Kaposi Sarcoma
Herpes
KOPOSI SARCOMA
Modes of HIV/AIDS
Transmission
Through Bodily Fluids
Blood
products
Semen
Vaginal fluids
Breast Milk
Through IV Drug Use
Sharing Needles
Without sterilization
Increases the chances of contracting
HIV
Through Sex
Before Birth
During Birth
Postpartum
After the birth
Testing Options for HIV
Anonymous Testing
No name is used
Unique identifying number
Results issued only to test
recipient
23659874515
Anonymous
Confidential Testing
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent
Assay/Enzyme Immunoassay (ELISA/EIA)
Radio Immunoprecipitation
Assay/Indirect Fluorescent Antibody
Assay (RIP/IFA)
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
Western Blot Confirmatory test
Urine Testing
Orasure
The only FDA
approved HIV
antibody.
As accurate as blood
testing
Draws blood-derived
fluids from the gum
tissue.
NOT A SALIVA TEST!
Counseling
Pre-test Counseling
Transmission
Prevention
Risk Factors
Voluntary & Confidential
Reportability of Positive Test
Results
Post-test Counseling
Clarifies test results
Need for additional testing
Promotion of safe behavior
Release of results
Treatment Options
Antiretroviral Drugs
Abstinence
Monogamous Relationship
Protected Sex
Sterile needles
Abstinence
Non-profit
Organization,
which provides
sterile needles in
exchange for
contaminated
ones
Remember:
The total risks of
birth control are
much less than the
total risks of a
pregnancy!!
BIRTH CONTROL
Types of Birth Control
● Hormonal
● Barrier
● IUD
● Methodsbased on information
● Permanent sterilization
Hormonal Methods
● Oral Contraceptives
(Birth Control Pill)
● Injections (Depo-Provera)
● Implants (Norplant I & II)
How does the pill work?
●Stops ovulation
●Thins uterine lining
●Thickens cervical mucus
Positive Benefits of Birth Control Pills
Prevents Decreases
pregnancy incidence of
Eases menstrual ovarian cysts
cramps Prevents
Shortens period ovarian and
Regulates period uterine cancer
Decreases acne
Norplant Implant
Emergency Contraception
(ECP)