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Beyond Profiling: Data Analysis: Introduction To The Local Development Indicators System

1. The document introduces the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS), which analyzes data through a pyramid structure from raw data to indicators to measurements of development goals. 2. The LDIS uses sectoral, temporal, and geographic dimensions to compare indicators across areas and time periods in order to identify problems, explain their causes, and formulate policy solutions. 3. Key aspects of the LDIS include defining indicators, constructing statistical tables, comparing data, using maps to identify conflicts and vulnerabilities, probing causes of observed conditions, and determining implications and policy options.

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112 views23 pages

Beyond Profiling: Data Analysis: Introduction To The Local Development Indicators System

1. The document introduces the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS), which analyzes data through a pyramid structure from raw data to indicators to measurements of development goals. 2. The LDIS uses sectoral, temporal, and geographic dimensions to compare indicators across areas and time periods in order to identify problems, explain their causes, and formulate policy solutions. 3. Key aspects of the LDIS include defining indicators, constructing statistical tables, comparing data, using maps to identify conflicts and vulnerabilities, probing causes of observed conditions, and determining implications and policy options.

Uploaded by

nagtipunan
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Beyond Profiling: Data Analysis

Introduction to the Local Development Indicators System

DATA PYRAMID
Combination of indicators designed to measure the overall condition of the object of study, etc. CPI, GDP, GVA, HDI, etc Single numbers, mostly ratios, which permit comparisons over time and space and have normative or policy implications Organized data, usually in the form of tables, not much value in themselves, require further analysis and interpretation

Raw data, information

Concept Inputs
Definition of Indicators Variables used to measure progress towards goals Single numbers, mostly ratios, which permit comparisons over time and space and have normative or policy implications Direct and unambiguous measure of progress Approaches to Developing Indicators

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Policy-related approach Thematic approach Systems approach

Intermediate Indicators measure the factor or factors that determine an outcome or that contribute to the process of achieving an outcome.

Types of Indicators
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Intermediate indicators may be divided into input or output depending on the stage of the process.
Input indicators are measures of resources such as funds, technology or knowledge applied toward the achievement of goals or targets.

Output indicators are measures of the product of the application of resources, e.g. number of classrooms built, number of teachers trained, etc.

Final Indicators measure the effect of an intervention on individuals well-being. Final indicators may be divided into outcome and impact indicators

Types of Indicators
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Outcome Indicators capture access to, use of, or satisfaction with the services provided or received, e.g. access to clean water, proportion of mothers availing of family planning clinics, volume and frequency of letters of complaints, etc.

Impact Indicators measure key dimensions of well-being, e.g. freedom from hunger, literacy, good health, empowerment, security

Examples of Indicators by Type


Input Output Outcome Impact

Tax on idle Increased lands local imposed on revenues. urban vacant lands.

Increased selfreliance index of LGU.


More property owners invest in improving their land use.

Increased level of welfare of residents.


Increased economic prosperity of the community.

Constructing the Statistical Compendium (LDI Table) Local Development Indicators System: an intermediate analytical tool that portrays information in three dimensions: Sectoral - maintain the 5 development sectors

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Social Economic Infrastructure Environment Institutional

Constructing the Statistical Compendium (LDI Table)


Temporal refers to time-series data (minimum of 2 years) where the later one should be the latest available.
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Geographical or spatial refers to at least two (2) levels of spatial scale


Sectoral Temporal = changes in attributes over time Sectoral Spatial over time. = changes between areas

Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis

LDIs are expressed in terms of:


LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Ratio Proportion

Percentage
Average

Per capita share

Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis

Compare data/ indicators across two spatial or geographical units


Sector Indicator Planning Larger Spatial Area Unit 3.2% 2.8% Smaller Spatial Units

What do these figures mean?

Social

Populatio n growth rate

2.7% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0%

Literacy Rate

95%

87%

98% 90% 88% 92%

Scenarios:

1) A is greater than B 2) A is less than B 3) A is equal to B

1
What do these figures mean?

Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis

Compare data indicators in two points or periods of time.


Sector Social Indicator Population growth rate 2000 2003 Literacy Rate 2000 2003 95% 97% 87% 88% 98% 90% 88% 92% 95% 92% 89% 94% 3.2% 3.0% 2.8% 2.9%
2.7% 2.0% 2.5% 3.0% 3.0% 2.1& 2.5% 2.9%

Planning Larger Spatial Area Unit

Smaller Spatial Units A B C D

Scenarios: 1) increase, 2) decrease, 3) no change

Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis
Compare data for study area with known standards or benchmarks if no timeseries or spatial distribution of data is available

What do these figures mean?

Scenarios: Study area is 1) below, 2) above, or 3) the same as standard or benchmark

Generating Information from Maps


Take any pair of thematic maps, say Existing Land Use and Erosion Areas in the same map scale. Overlay the two maps and note land uses that are vulnerable to erosion such as settlements, agricultural crops, etc. Measure the area affected, recording the actual location to the nearest barangay or sitio. Present observations in table form.

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Generating Information from Maps


Thematic Maps Overlaid Brief Explanatio Implication Descriptio ns for s when n of Conflict Unresolve Conflict d Area Policy Options

Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis

This entails probing into the causes or explanations behind the observed conditions.
It asks the question, Why? It provides the clue to finding more fundamental solutions by attacking the causes rather than the symptoms of the problems.

Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis
Restate the observation either based on statistical information or derived from map overlay analysis. Determine the cause or causes of the observed condition. If uncertain, formulate hypotheses or educated guesses to be validated later.

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Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis It asks the question, So what? if no significant intervention is made
Analysis can be extended further into determining appropriate SOLUTION policy interventions S

If negative implications predominate, then the observed condition can be regarded as a problem. Formulate policies that either mitigate the inconvenience or solve the problem permanently.

Using the Local Development Indicators System (LDIS) for Data Analysis

If positive implications predominate, then the observed condition may be regarded as a potential.

SOLUTION
S

Formulating Policy Options


SOLUTIONS

Formulate policies to further sustain or enhance the benefits.

Analysis can be extended further into determining appropriate policy interventions.


LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Policy interventions need not be limited to targeting the negative implications of observed conditions Positive implications need to be maintained and strengthened through policies that seek to sustain the beneficent effects.

Sample Output of Problem Solution Finding Analyses


LAND AND WATER

Observed Conditions
Land classification Area of A & D is very small

Explanations (Causes)
Over 84% of total land area is forestland with some areas probably misclassified Not all A & D lands are subjected to cadastral survey; only the Kabilogan areas has completed cadastral survey

Implications when unresolved

Policy Options

Small area devoted Work for release to agriculture & other of some crops forestlands into A Small taxable areas &D (small income for the Accelerate municipality cadastral survey Occupants of & titling of lands untitled lands are considered squatters & have no security of tenure Investors hesitate to develop untitled lands

Sample Output of Problem Solution Finding Analyses


LAND AND WATER

Observed Conditions
Water as means of transportation and mobility

Explanations (Causes)
Absence of roads and bridges connecting to far-flung barangays

Implications when unresolved


Dangerous especially during rough seas Slow and poor mobility Cannot be relied upon during emergencies Limited capacity for large volume of goods and products to be transported

Policy Options
Embark on massive road and bridge building Maintain a municipal government operated ferry service that is multi-purpose Construct a pier for safe and reliable docking

Analytical Framework for Planning


LDI System Map Overlays

Observed Conditions

Implications when no intervention is introduced

Explanations of Causative Factors

Policy Options

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS SYSTEM

Thank you !!!

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