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    Chapter 26 - World War II

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    David Duez
    This document provides an overview of key events leading up to and during World War 2, beginning with Hitler taking back the Rhineland in 1936 in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. It discusses the policy of appeasement by Western nations and Hitler's subsequent invasions of Austria and Czechoslovakia. The outbreak of war is traced from the Nazi-Soviet pact and Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 to Germany's swift conquest of Western Europe in 1940. Japan's expansionism in Asia is also summarized. The document then covers major later events such as the US entry into the war after Pearl Harbor, the Battle of Stalingrad, D-Day, and Germany's final surrender in 1945.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Chapter 26 - World War II

    Uploaded by

    David Duez
    2K views80 pages
    This document provides an overview of key events leading up to and during World War 2, beginning with Hitler taking back the Rhineland in 1936 in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. It discusses the policy of appeasement by Western nations and Hitler's subsequent invasions of Austria and Czechoslovakia. The outbreak of war is traced from the Nazi-Soviet pact and Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 to Germany's swift conquest of Western Europe in 1940. Japan's expansionism in Asia is also summarized. The document then covers major later events such as the US entry into the war after Pearl Harbor, the Battle of Stalingrad, D-Day, and Germany's final surrender in 1945.

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    This document provides an overview of key events leading up to and during World War 2, beginning with Hitler taking back the Rhineland in 1936 in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. It discusses the policy of appeasement by Western nations and Hitler's subsequent invasions of Austria and Czechoslovakia. The outbreak of war is traced from the Nazi-Soviet pact and Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 to Germany's swift conquest of Western Europe in 1940. Japan's expansionism in Asia is also summarized. The document then covers major later events such as the US entry into the war after Pearl Harbor, the Battle of Stalingrad, D-Day, and Germany's final surrender in 1945.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views80 pages

    Chapter 26 - World War II

    Uploaded by

    David Duez
    This document provides an overview of key events leading up to and during World War 2, beginning with Hitler taking back the Rhineland in 1936 in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. It discusses the policy of appeasement by Western nations and Hitler's subsequent invasions of Austria and Czechoslovakia. The outbreak of war is traced from the Nazi-Soviet pact and Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 to Germany's swift conquest of Western Europe in 1940. Japan's expansionism in Asia is also summarized. The document then covers major later events such as the US entry into the war after Pearl Harbor, the Battle of Stalingrad, D-Day, and Germany's final surrender in 1945.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 80

    Chapter 26 – World War II “The War Begins”

    World War II Memorial Washington, DC


    World War II (Video 4 min)
    Steps to War – Hitler Takes
    The Industrial Rhine River Valley
    • Hitler ignores the Versailles
    Treaty
    • Hitler knew the west would not
    raise a hand to stop him, he was
    right
    • March 7, 1936 he took back
    the Rhineland
    • Appeasement – European
    nations would satisfy
    reasonable demands in
    exchange for peace.
    • Great Britain allowed Hitler to take
    back the Rhineland
    Nazi Soldiers Retake The Rhineland
    Major Industrial Region along the Rhine River
    March 13,1938
    Hitler Defies Versailles Treaty and Marches into Austria – Video 1:00
    “You have only to Appeasement
    look at the map to
    see that nothing
    we could do could
    possibly save
    Czechoslovakia
    from being overrun
    by the Germans.”
    - British PM Neville
    Chamberlain, writing to his
    sister in 1938.

    The Rhineland

    The world’s leaders


    stood by and allowed
    Hitler’s rise. This photo
    shopped image
    humorously shows a
    rather dire situation.
    Hitler grows in power.
    Munich Conference – Height of Appeasement
    • British, French, German and Italian representatives
    • Reached an agreement to allow Hitler to have his demands
    • Hitler got Sudetenland and the Czechs were
    abandoned by the west.
    • Neville Chamberlain – Prime Minister of
    Britain claimed he had negotiated:
    “Peace for our time”
    The Happy War?

    Crest of the
    Sudetenland
    Germany, France, England & Italy Sign Treaty – Video 2:00
    From left to right, Chamberlain, Daladier, Hitler, Mussolini as they prepare Sudeten Woman Weeps as Hitler
    to sign the Munich Agreement motorcade moves through her city.

    “I will begin by saying what everybody else would like to ignore or forget… we have sustained a total and unmitigated
    defeat… And I will say this, that I believe the Czechs, left to themselves… would have been able to make better terms than
    they got. We are in the presence of a disaster of the first magnitude which has befallen Great Britain and France…
    And do not suppose that this is the end. This is only the beginning of the reckoning.” - Winston Churchill,
    Parliamentary Debates, 1938

    Angry Czechs experience Prime Minister Chamberlain's "peace".


    Nazi-Soviet Pact Allows Hitler Invades Poland
    • Hitler demanded the Polish port of Danzig
    The map shows the beginning of World War II in
    • Great Britain offered to protect Poland September 1939 in a wider European context.

    • France & Britain tried to negotiate a deal with


    Soviets to protect Poland
    • August 23, 1939 Hitler and Stalin agree on a treaty:
    Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
    Stalin gets control of Eastern Poland
    Sept. 1, 1939 Hitler invades Poland
    Hitler Betrays Poland to Sign Friendship Treaty with Moscow (USSR) – Video 1:00
    Sept 1, 1939 Hitler reviews troops in
    Hitler Addresses Reichstag Warsaw, Poland. October 5,
    “I do not want to be anything but the first soldier of the 1939
    German Reich. I have once more put on the
    uniform which was once most holy and precious
    to me. I shall only take it off after victory or I shall
    not live to see the end…
    Just as I myself am ready to risk my life any time for
    my people and for Germany, so I demand the same of
    everyone else. But anyone who thinks that he can
    oppose this national commandment, whether
    directly or indirectly, will die!
    Traitors can expect death!”
    - From Nazism 1919-1935, A Documentary Reader
    German Soldiers Enter Poland
    September 1939
    German Blitzkrieg 1940
    German soldiers march through Warsaw, Poland.
    German Blitzkrieg “lightning war”
    using armored columns called
    panzer divisions with air support
    – Stuka dive-bomber planes first
    – Then, Panzer Tanks = 300 per division
    Sept.1939: In 4 weeks, Poland Surrenders, then…
    April 1940: Denmark, Norway, Yugoslavia
    May 1940: Netherlands, Belgium and then France!

    The classic characteristic of what is commonly known as "blitzkrieg" is a highly


    mobile form of infantry and armor working in combined arms teams.
    German Stuka dive-bombers
    September 1, 1939 Hitler Invades Poland (Video 1:39)
    Danish troops await a
    German Invasion of
    Denmark, 1940
    Hitler Invades Norway and Denmark (video :40)
    AXIS Powers – Pact of Steel
    May 22, 1939
    Alliance of Germany and
    Kingdom of Italy
    Axis Powers later add Japan
    with the Tripartite Pact September 1940.
    Battle of France, 1940 Hitler’s Troops Bear Down on Paris

    German Troops in Paris, France 1940


    Dunkirk – Triumph of man over machine (Video 2:20)
    Battle of Dunkirk
    Germans drive the Allies into the
    sea.
    June 10, 1940 Mussolini Enters the War (Video 1:00)
    Hitler Takes Continental Europe
    • French sign an armistice on
    June 22, 1940 with Germany.
    • Britain was his last target to defeat
    • US stands by under
    isolationist policy
    • FDR wanted to go to war, but did not have
    public support
    Hitler Gloats Over Victories – Video :40
    The Battle of Britain
    • German bombing raids of Britain
    • Hitler’s 1st mistake:
    mistake
    Frustration led to a
    change of targets in
    Britain from military to
    civilian targets
    • Move backfires –
    British people show
    remarkable resolve
    and determination
    • British military able to
    respond w/out attacks
    • By September Hitler
    postponed British invasion
    German Luftwaffe (LOOFT vah fuh)
    German air force
    Hitler Invades Soviet Union
    • June 22, 1941 – Hitler breaks
    non-aggression pact, invades
    USSR
    • 1,800 mile long front
    • Early winter and fierce Soviet
    fighting halted German advance
    • 2nd big mistake for Hitler
    Invading the USSR creates a 2
    front war
    Japanese Imperialism in Asia
    • Like Germany, Japan wanted “living space” and
    “resources”
    • Sept 1931 – Japanese seize Manchuria (north of
    China)
    • Japan moved steadily south taking over Northern
    Chinese territory
    • Planned to take over the USSR with Germany’s help
    • Japan wanted more lands in the South Japanese Leader Hideki Tojo
    Pacific, the US protested and said they
    would cut off aid and raw materials to
    Japan

    Japanese Emperor Hirohito


    Churchill & FDR Meet in Secret
    Video: The Path to Infamy (Video – 3:49)

    Click on picture to see video


    Pearl Harbor Attacked Dec. 7, 1941
    • Japanese aircraft bomb US Pearl Harbor base in
    Hawaii
    • Japanese had launched assaults throughout
    Asia with great success
    • Japanese viewed Americans as soft, a surprise
    attack would give them Pacific control
    • 4 days after Pearl Harbor – Hitler declares war
    on US. Believes US action in Pacific would
    make them weak in Europe
    Photograph from a Japanese plane of Battleship Row at the beginning of the
    attack. The explosion in the center is a torpedo strike on the USS Oklahoma. Two attacking Japanese planes can
    be seen: one over the USS Neosho and one over the Naval Yard.
    Rosie the Riveter
    Axis vs. Allies
    • ALLIES: Great Britain, USA, USSR agree to
    fight until the Axis Powers surrender
    unconditionally
    • AXIS: Germany, Italy, Japan
    • FDR and Winston Churchill (Britain) meet in US
    and plan massive attacks in Europe
    • US first attacks in Africa vs. Italian and German
    troops Flags of the Third Reich, Japan and the
    Kingdom of Italy, in Berlin (September 1940)
    • May 1943 US/British troops force German/Italian
    surrender in Africa

    "The Big Three": Josef Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and


    Winston Churchill meeting at the Tehran Conference in 1943.
    4/5 of the World at War
    Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers over Stalingrad.
    Battle of Stalingrad
    Stalingrad
    • Most terrible battle of
    the war
    • Stalingrad – major
    industrial center in Soviet holding the red banner high

    USSR
    • If Hitler could win the
    city of Stalingrad it was
    a portal to the middle
    east and vast
    resources of oil for his
    war machine.
    • Germans finally
    stopped after fierce
    fighting in winter
    conditions
    The entire German 6th Army (their
    best) surrenders at Stalingrad
    Vasily Zaytsev – inspiration for the movie “Enemy at the Gates”
    Between October 1942 and January 1943, Zaytsev made 242 verified kills.
    General Eisenhower with troops.
    Training in Britain.
    D-Day: History’s greatest naval invasion
    • June 6, 1944 Allied forces under command of US general
    Eisenhower landed on Normandy beaches of France
    • Within 3 months the Allies had landed 2 million men and ½
    million vehicles
    • Allies broke through German lines beginning the push towards
    Germany
    D-Day: History’s greatest naval invasion
    The Bombing of
    Germany
    Wilhelm Keitel signs
    Germany Surrenders surrender terms, 7 May
    1945 in Berlin
    • January 1945, Adolf
    Hitler moves into a
    bunker 55 feet deep
    under Berlin
    • Hitler blamed Jews for
    the war
    • April 28th Mussolini
    shot and killed by
    Italian resistance
    fighters
    • April 30th Hitler
    commits suicide in
    bunker
    • War in Europe was
    over
    (above) The remains of the above-ground
    portion of the Führerbunker in the garden of
    the Reich Chancellery. Entrance is to the left
    and circular structure was for generators and
    ventilation.
    (below) The remains of the Führerbunker in
    1946
    Churchill sitting on a damaged chair from the Führerbunker in July 1945. 

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