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    Vitamins and Minerals: by Muhamad Noor Afiq Bin Mohd Yazed

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    Smkdpb Pontian
    This document discusses vitamins and minerals, their major food sources, functions, and deficiency symptoms. It provides information on vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12, C, D, E, H, and K as well as minerals calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, iodine, fluorine, and sulfur. The vitamins and minerals outlined play important roles in vision, cell function, energy production, growth, tissue formation, immune function, and more. Deficiencies can lead to conditions like night blindness, beriberi, pellagra, rickets, and impaired wound healing.

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    Vitamins and Minerals: by Muhamad Noor Afiq Bin Mohd Yazed

    Uploaded by

    Smkdpb Pontian
    86 views9 pages
    This document discusses vitamins and minerals, their major food sources, functions, and deficiency symptoms. It provides information on vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12, C, D, E, H, and K as well as minerals calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, iodine, fluorine, and sulfur. The vitamins and minerals outlined play important roles in vision, cell function, energy production, growth, tissue formation, immune function, and more. Deficiencies can lead to conditions like night blindness, beriberi, pellagra, rickets, and impaired wound healing.

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    This document discusses vitamins and minerals, their major food sources, functions, and deficiency symptoms. It provides information on vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12, C, D, E, H, and K as well as minerals calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, iodine, fluorine, and sulfur. The vitamins and minerals outlined play important roles in vision, cell function, energy production, growth, tissue formation, immune function, and more. Deficiencies can lead to conditions like night blindness, beriberi, pellagra, rickets, and impaired wound healing.

    Copyright:

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    86 views9 pages

    Vitamins and Minerals: by Muhamad Noor Afiq Bin Mohd Yazed

    Uploaded by

    Smkdpb Pontian
    This document discusses vitamins and minerals, their major food sources, functions, and deficiency symptoms. It provides information on vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12, C, D, E, H, and K as well as minerals calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, iodine, fluorine, and sulfur. The vitamins and minerals outlined play important roles in vision, cell function, energy production, growth, tissue formation, immune function, and more. Deficiencies can lead to conditions like night blindness, beriberi, pellagra, rickets, and impaired wound healing.

    Copyright:

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    of 9

    VITAMINS AND MINERALS

    BY MUHAMAD NOOR AFIQ BIN MOHD YAZED

    VITAMINS
    Vitamin A (Retinol) Major Food Source Animal liver, eggs, milk, green vegetables Function For vision vitamin A forms the light absorbing pigment rhodopsin maintenance of healthy skin gives immunity to the body Deficiency Symptom -Leads to night blindness

    B1 (thiamine) Meat, milk, yeast

    -dry mucous membrane and dry skin -infections -cause beriberi

    Helps body to oxidise carbohydrates to release energy Helps body to oxidise food to release energy

    B2 (riboflavin)

    Meat, milk, green vegetables

    -dry and cracked skin, mouth sores and poor growth

    B3 (niacin)

    Meat, potatoes, coffee Occurs in all living cells, both plants and animals

    Helps body to oxidise food to release energy Helps in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fatty acids Promotes red blood cell production -Helps to make DNA and RNA during rapid cell division and growth -Helps in formation of red blood cell and regulate the proper function of iron

    -causes pellagra

    B5 (panthothenic acid)

    -a shortage of vitamin B has not been recorded

    B6 (pyridoxine)

    Liver, fish, cereals

    -cause irritability -fatigue -anaemia Prevention of miscarriage, birth defects and limb defects of babies

    B9 (folic acid)

    Liver, raw leafy green vegetables

    B12

    Meat, milk dairy products

    Helps in formation of red blood cells and tissue formation Helps in growth, metabolism of fats and protein and production of energy Helps in formation and maintenance of collagen

    -pernicious anaemia

    H (biotin)

    Yeast, vegetables, liver

    - dry scaly skin - loss of appetite - Mental depression - Scurvy

    C (ascorbic acid)

    Citrus fruit, lime fruit, guava, orange

    D (calciferol)

    Egg yolk, liver, tuna, sunshine

    Helps body to absorb calcium from food, bone formation and strengthening teeth
    Protects your cells from oxidation, formation of red blood cells, muscels and tissue

    Cause rickets Cause brittle bone

    E (tocopherol)

    Vegetables oil, wheat germs, liver

    Fatigue Wounds heal slowly

    K (phylloquinone)

    Fish, soybean oil, egg yolk

    Controls blood clotting

    - Takes a long time for blood to clot

    MINERALS
    Mineral
    Calcium (Ca)

    Major food source


    Cheese, milk, anchovies

    Function
    making bones and teeth normal blood clotting needed for hundreds of enzymes in body to function hormone action and nerve transmission

    Deficieny symptom
    Rickets

    Magnesium (Mg)

    Green vegetables, oats, nuts

    Dizziness Depression Hypertension

    Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl)

    Table salt, meat cheese

    regulate bodys fluid balance chlorine is needed for formation of stomach hydrochloric

    Sodium deficiency is not common Cause cramps

    Phosphorus (P)

    Nearly in all foods

    Important in nucleic acid synthesis and energy release in cells (ATP) Regulate bodys fluid balance Transmission of nerve impulse Makes haemoglobin

    Affects proper bones and teeth Affects cell respiration and muscle contraction Muscular weakness

    Potassium (K)

    Meat, fruits, green vegetables

    Iron (Fe)

    Lean meat, cocoa, dried beans Sea food, iodised salt

    Anaemia Leading to weakness Rapid heartbeat Goitre Cretinism

    Iodine (I)

    Synthesis of thyroxine hormone that regulates metabolism and growth Protects tooth enamel against decay

    Florine (F)

    Drinking water, sea food

    Increased incidences of tooth decay

    Sulphur (S)

    Meat, eggs, legumes milk


    Grains, nuts

    - Energy metabolism - Detoxification


    For growth and development

    - Rarely deficient
    Impaired wound healing Appetite loss Impaired sexual development

    Zinc (Zn)

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