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    Epc 4 Basic Engine Testing

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    raumil1237590
    This document provides an overview of basic engine testing procedures focused on the four-stroke cycle and valves. It describes three types of compression tests - cranking compression, leak down, and running compression - to identify issues like low compression, leaks, or intake/exhaust problems. Vacuum gauge testing and snap compression tests are also summarized as methods to evaluate volumetric efficiency and cylinder sealing. Proper valve adjustment and identifying causes of carbon buildup, bent valves, or weak springs are discussed.

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    Epc 4 Basic Engine Testing

    Uploaded by

    raumil1237590
    90 views33 pages
    This document provides an overview of basic engine testing procedures focused on the four-stroke cycle and valves. It describes three types of compression tests - cranking compression, leak down, and running compression - to identify issues like low compression, leaks, or intake/exhaust problems. Vacuum gauge testing and snap compression tests are also summarized as methods to evaluate volumetric efficiency and cylinder sealing. Proper valve adjustment and identifying causes of carbon buildup, bent valves, or weak springs are discussed.

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    Basics of Supply Chain Management

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    This document provides an overview of basic engine testing procedures focused on the four-stroke cycle and valves. It describes three types of compression tests - cranking compression, leak down, and running compression - to identify issues like low compression, leaks, or intake/exhaust problems. Vacuum gauge testing and snap compression tests are also summarized as methods to evaluate volumetric efficiency and cylinder sealing. Proper valve adjustment and identifying causes of carbon buildup, bent valves, or weak springs are discussed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    90 views33 pages

    Epc 4 Basic Engine Testing

    Uploaded by

    raumil1237590
    This document provides an overview of basic engine testing procedures focused on the four-stroke cycle and valves. It describes three types of compression tests - cranking compression, leak down, and running compression - to identify issues like low compression, leaks, or intake/exhaust problems. Vacuum gauge testing and snap compression tests are also summarized as methods to evaluate volumetric efficiency and cylinder sealing. Proper valve adjustment and identifying causes of carbon buildup, bent valves, or weak springs are discussed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    BASIC ENGINE TESTING

    Four Stroke Cycle

    Intake stroke Piston going down - intake valve open. Low pressure created in cylinder. Volumetric Efficiency maximum at w.o.t. Compression stroke Piston going up - both valves closed. Mixture squeezed to increase combustibility, molecules, raises temp. Needs good seal to compress and combust. Power stroke Piston going down - both valves closed. Work is performed by expanding gasses. Exhaust stroke Piston going up - exhaust valve open. Exhaust gasses exit. Any exhaust left over dilutes incoming a/f mixture with inert gas (exhaust) Causes poor quality and quantity of charge.

    Valves
    Valves serve two purposes: Sealing - during compression and power strokes Opening up of ports during intake and exhaust strokes

    Cylinder Sealing
    Performed by tight seal of valve face against seat to seal in compression pressures Most common loss of compression is valve not sealing properly

    Broken Valve Spring


    Valve not fully closed

    Bent Valve
    Bent due to piston contact

    Burned Valve
    Face burnt due to poor contact with seat (leaking)

    Proper Valve & Seat Position


    Guide

    Seat

    Face

    Opening of Valves
    Controlled directly or indirectly by camshaft

    Volumetric Efficiency
    Three factors affect VE:
    How far the valve opens (lift) The amount of time that it is open (duration Size of opening

    A problem with valve opening will affect volumetric efficiency or the quantity of incoming fuel mixture

    Multiple valves
    Multiple valve heads will act same as big valve heads Secondary throttle plates can be used to eliminate loss of ram effect

    Lobe Lift & Duration


    Lift - How far valve will open Duration How long it stays open

    Head Design
    Wedge style most common, cost effective design Hemi style very efficient air flow, expensive Porting & polishing increases air flow, less restriction & reduced turbulence in ports

    Carbon Buildup
    Carbon build up on intake valve
    Worn valve guide/seal (oil) Fuel deposits Affects V.E.

    Flat cams
    Valve doesnt open fully

    Testing

    Vacuum gauge testing


    Provides quick test for compression problems Should read 15-20 of manifold vacuum @ idle Cranking vacuum will be 3-5

    Vacuum Testing
    Measures vacuum level in intake manifold Indicator of basic engine condition

    Normal
    Ave., steady readings between 15 22 in Hg

    Leaking Rings
    Low but steady, 12 15 in Hg, late ignition timing, late valve timing

    Single Cylinder Misfire


    Fluctuations between 1 & 2 in Hg Possible burned valve

    Sticking Valve
    Irregular needle drop between 1 & 3 in Hg. Multiple cylinder misfire rich or lean mixture

    Weak Valve Springs


    Normal at idle Excessive vibrations at higher rpm Sticking valve guides

    Worn Valve Guides


    Excessive vibrations at idle Steadies at higher rpm

    Leaking Head Gasket


    Excessive vibrations at any rpm Loss of compression

    Leaking Intake
    Needle oscillates slowly, drifts between 3 & 9 in Hg.

    Restricted Exhaust
    Normal at idle Drops near 0, may rise to lower than normal

    Cranking Compression Test


    Used for checking engine seal
    Must set up conditions
    W.O.T., bat. charger, disable ignition, all plugs out

    Compare readings - 10% max difference Typical range: 110 - 150 psi

    Wet test is performed when cranking compression is low


    Add SMALL amount of oil to cylinder, helps seal worn rings

    Leak Down Test


    Used to identify location of sealing problem Cylinder must be at TDC, comp. stroke Problem is detected if loss is greater than 20%

    Identifying Location of Leak


    Air escaping through exhaust, open valve Air escaping through intake, open valve Air escaping through valve cover, worn piston rings Air escaping through radiator, blown head gasket

    Running Compression Test


    Test cylinder seal at idle Readings will be low, less time to fill cylinder Compare readings - no specs Identifies compression loss apparent while running
    Broken valve springs Worn valve guided Burned valve

    Snap Compression Test


    Tests for problems with v.e. Allows rush of air at relatively low rpm, nearly filling cylinder which will cause increased compression pressures
    If a cylinder has a restricted intake snap pressures will be lower

    Compare readings - no specs

    Improper Valve Lash


    Too little will cause sealing problems Too much will cause excessive noise, wear and loss of lift

    Valve Lash Adjustment

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