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Diode Characteristics

This document discusses diode characteristics and behavior. It describes the V-I characteristics of diodes and how threshold voltage and reverse saturation current are defined. Temperature affects important diode parameters like threshold voltage and reverse saturation current. The document also covers diode resistance, both static and dynamic, and the diode equation. Diode rectifiers are discussed, including half-wave and full-wave configurations. Key rectifier specifications like peak inverse voltage, ripple factor, and rectification efficiency are defined.

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Sahil Ahuja
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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266 views52 pages

Diode Characteristics

This document discusses diode characteristics and behavior. It describes the V-I characteristics of diodes and how threshold voltage and reverse saturation current are defined. Temperature affects important diode parameters like threshold voltage and reverse saturation current. The document also covers diode resistance, both static and dynamic, and the diode equation. Diode rectifiers are discussed, including half-wave and full-wave configurations. Key rectifier specifications like peak inverse voltage, ripple factor, and rectification efficiency are defined.

Uploaded by

Sahil Ahuja
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Diode Characteristics

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Diode Characteristics

V-I Characteristics

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Diode Characteristics

VT

is cut-in, knee, offset, turn-on, or threshold voltage. Is is reverse saturation current.

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Diode Characteristics

Si Diode versus Ge Diode

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Diode Characteristics

Temperature Effects
Is almost

doubles for every 10 C rise in temperature. VZ increases with temperature. The width of the depletion layer decrease and hence barrier potential decreases with rise in temperature. As a result, VT decreases by 2mV for each celsius degree rise in temperature.
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Diode Characteristics

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Diode Characteristics

DIODE RESISTANCE

Two kinds :
1.

2.

Static or DC Resistance (High Value) : It is the resistance offered by the diode to a dc current. Dynamic or AC Resistance (Low Value) : It is the resistance offered by the diode to ac current.

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Diode Characteristics

Static or DC Resistance

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Diode Characteristics

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Diode Characteristics

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Dynamic or AC Resistance

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Diode Equation
ID = IS (e VD/VT -1)

= ideality factor
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Dynamic Resistance of a Diode

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Ideal Diode
Ideally, a diode should have RF = 0 and RR = Draw the V-I characteristics of an ideal diode.

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Diode Characteristics

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Ideal Diode Characteristics

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Circuit Model of a Diode

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Simplified Circuit Model

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Diode Rectifiers

Block Diagram of DC Power Supply

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Rectifiers

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Diodes in Rectifier Circuits

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Half-wave Rectifier

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Full-wave Rectifier (Centre-tap)

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Full-wave Rectifier (Bridge)

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Diode Ratings
Current Handling Capacity. 2. Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV ): It is the
1.

largest reverse voltage that is expected to appear across the diode. Usually, diodes are selected which have VZ at least 50 % greater than PIV.

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PIV Ratings

For half-wave rectifier : Vm

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Figures of Merit of a Rectifier


1. Ripple Factor (r) :

2. Rectification Efficiency () :

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Voltage Regulation:The variation of d.c. o/p voltage as a function of d.c. load current is called voltage regulation. In other words, the degree to which a power supplies varies in o/p voltage under condition of load variation is measured by a term known as voltage regulation.

Vno load - Vfull load % Voltage Regulation 100 % Vfull load


An ideal power supply has full load voltage equal to the its no-load Voltage and hence zero % regulation.
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Performance of Half-wave Rectifier

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Total RMS Value :

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RMS Value of AC Components :

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Note that this is a general result. Now, for Half-wave Rectifier :

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Performance of Full-wave Rectifier

How much is its period in terms of t ?

Its period is , and not 2.


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Total RMS Value :

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Ripple Factor :

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Rectification Efficiency :

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