Healthcare Techonolgy Assessment (HTA)

Healthcare Technology Assessment (HTA)
systematic evaluation of properties, effects or other impacts of health technology address the direct and intended consequences of technologies as well as their indirect and unintended consequences improving the quality of health care
Given Situation
Area where flood is likely to occur to find measures and solutions to prevent losses and damage to medical equipment in hospital
Objective of Discussion
To prevent casualty in hospitals during flood. To give solutions to prevent losses and damage to medical equipment in hospitals.
1. Warning System & Awareness of Flooding Hazards

Factors affecting drainage system: 1. Mud and slit 2. Rubbish, large object and tree fragments could affect flow paths and could bring unexpected flow to certain section of the drainage system local flood warning systems installation The warnings are disseminated through flood sirens or through automatic telephone calls to the hospitals representatives. Aim: To alert crowd before flood occurs so as to take precautionary measures
2. Avoid placing medical devices on the ground floor

Water can cause serious damages to medical devices Raise medical devices above the anticipated flood level will help prevent damages to the devices.
Helps in avoiding potential fire from short circuits which might cause by the flood.
If it is unavoidable (huge machines, immovable devices), disconnect all the devices, unplug them and turn off the breakers, only if this can be done in safe manner.
3. Raise Electrical System Components

Electrical system components, including service panels (fuse and circuit breaker boxes), meters, switches, and outlets, are easily damaged by flood water. Another serious problem is the potential for fires caused by short circuits in flooded systems. Raising electrical system components helps you to have an undamaged, operating electrical system after a flood will help you clean up, make repairs, and return to your property with fewer delays.
As shown in the figure, all components of the electrical system, including the wiring, should be raised at least 1 foot above the 100-year flood level.
BENEFITS OF UTILIZING THIS MITIGATION STRATEGY Helps to prevent damage to electrical system components, resulting in faster cleanup and repairs Helps to prevent fires
4. Resistant Building & Foundation
If components such as medical devices, switches and outlet are at low level, they must be designed to prevent damage from flooding. Flood Resistant making a building resistant to flood damage
Taking building out of contact with flood water Making building resistant to any potential damage Requires structural and non-structural components to be durable, resistant to flood forces, and resistant to deterioration caused by inundation with floodwater. may involve waterproof enclosures, barriers, protective coatings, or other techniques to protect vulnerable components
5. Install Sewer Backflow Valves
Flooding can cause sewage from sanitary sewer lines to back up through drain pipes. These backups not only cause damage that is difficult to repair but also create health hazards. Solution: install backflow valves, which are designed to block drain pipes temporarily and prevent return flow.
Among the simpler valves are flap or check valves, which open to allow flow out of the structure but close when the flow reverses. These check valves operate automatically but do not provide as strong a seal as a gate valve.
BENEFITS OF UTILIZING THIS MITIGATION STRATEGY
Helps to prevent damage to a structure Helps to protect the health and safety of the structures Occupants.
6. Dry Flood Proofing

sealing the structure to prevent flood waters from entering involves constructing flood barriers
Figure (a) flood water, including water that has saturated the soil under the building, pushes in on walls and up on floors. The upward force on floors is called buoyancy.
Figure (b) Water that has saturated the soil poses a special hazard for basement walls. Hydrostatic pressure increases with the depth of the water, the pressure on basement walls is greater than the pressure on the walls of the upper floor This pressure is made even greater by the weight of the saturated soil that surrounds the basement.
The walls of buildings built according to standard construction practice are not designed to resist this pressure. Once the pressure exceeds the strength of the walls (including basement walls), it can push them in, cause extensive structural damage, and possibly cause the building to collapse.
7. Add Waterproof Veneer to Exterior Wall
New brick veneer Act as the first boundaries in preventing the water to flow through the first membrane Existing batt insulation To prevent moisture damage to the inner wall during flood occur.
Waterproof membrane Act as the preventing measure from any kind of situation during flood, so that the closed-cell foam insulation is not being exposed to the high amount of water penetration.
Closed-cell foam insulation Closed cell foam insulation is washable so that will prevent from the growing of bacteria and fungi during humidity when the flood occur. Extended footing To prevent the water from ground levels to reach closed-cell foam insulation
Existing foundation and footing Act as the extra preventing measure to protect the floor of the building.
8. Make an emergency plan

As an initial preparation before flood occurs. Make sure that all the staffs attend training on emergencies involving flood situation.
Making an emergency plan template that include:

The coordinator to lead an operation to secure and reduce the damage of existing medical equipment. Identify all types of medical equipment in the hospital including their numbers and position in the hospital. prepare a path to shift all medical devices to a safe place during flood.
9. Health Information Protection & Transfer

Health records should be kept electronically Share electronic health and medical information across states before flood occurs Health Information Technology (HIT) The use of computer hardware and software to store, share & retrieve patient information
Health Information Exchange (HIE) The movement of health information electronically across multiple organization
Challenge: Inability to communicate, share and transmit health info during flood Solution: Ensure telecommunication connectivity during flood for HIE
Allowing emergency responders to use the government Emergency Telecommunications Service when regular telecommunications are disrupted
Wireless Priority Service giving priority cellular access
Conclusion
Hazards following flood:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Electrical Hazard Structural Hazard Contamination Hazard Hazardous Materials Explosion Hazard
Research on the possibility of flood occurrence of the hospital area. Prevention and measures to reduce damages.

Healthcare Techonolgy Assessment (HTA)

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Healthcare Technology Assessment (HTA)

1. Warning System & Awareness of Flooding Hazards

2. Avoid placing medical devices on the ground floor

3. Raise Electrical System Components

4. Resistant Building & Foundation

5. Install Sewer Backflow Valves

BENEFITS OF UTILIZING THIS MITIGATION STRATEGY

6. Dry Flood Proofing

7. Add Waterproof Veneer to Exterior Wall

8. Make an emergency plan

Making an emergency plan template that include:

9. Health Information Protection & Transfer

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