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Submitted By: R.Iyswarya Roll No:06 M.E (CSE)

The document discusses distributed database systems. It defines a distributed database as a collection of logically related databases distributed over a computer network. A distributed database management system manages the distributed database while hiding the distribution from users. Distributed databases can be either homogeneous, with identical software at all sites, or heterogeneous, with different schemas and software. The document discusses issues like global and local schemas, consistency, replication, and transparency in distributed databases.

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Natesa Indrasenan
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28 views15 pages

Submitted By: R.Iyswarya Roll No:06 M.E (CSE)

The document discusses distributed database systems. It defines a distributed database as a collection of logically related databases distributed over a computer network. A distributed database management system manages the distributed database while hiding the distribution from users. Distributed databases can be either homogeneous, with identical software at all sites, or heterogeneous, with different schemas and software. The document discusses issues like global and local schemas, consistency, replication, and transparency in distributed databases.

Uploaded by

Natesa Indrasenan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SUBMITTED BY: R.IYSWARYA ROLL NO:06 M.

E(CSE)

A Distributed Database(DDB) is a collection of multiple logically interrelated databases distributed over a computer network A distributed database management system is a software system that manages a distributed database while making distributing transparent to the user. Applications Users access distributed databases through applications

San Francisco

New York

Seattle

Orlando

Local Application is an application that does not require data from other sites Global Application is an application that does require data from other sites

Homogeneous
All sites have identical software Are aware of each other and agree to cooperate in processing user requests Each site surrender part of its autonomy in terms of rights to change schemas Appears to the user as a single system

Heterogeneous
Different sites use different schemas and different software Difference in schema may cause problem with query processing Different software will cause problem when processing transactions Sites may not be aware of each other any provide limited facilities for cooperation in transaction processing

Local User

Distributed DBMS

Global User

Global Schema

Identical DBMS Software DBMS Software DBMS Software DBMS Software DBMS Software

DBMS Software

http://www.wiziq.com/tutorial/21688DISTRIBUTED-DBMS-ppt

Global User Local User

Distributed DBMS

Global Schema

Local User

Non Identical DBMS Software

DBMS -1 Software

DBMS Software

DBMS y6 Software

DBMS Software

DBMS - n Software

Federated database systems


There is some global view or schema of the federation of databases that is shared by the applications Each server is an independent and autonomous centralized DBMS that has its own local users, transactions

Multidatabase systems
No global schema Builds schema as needed

Problems with FDBS


Difference in Data Models Network and hierarchical Differences in constraints Differences in query languages SQL-89, SQL-92, SQL-99 each has won set of dataypes comparison operators etc.

Extend communication to allow the transfer of queries and data among sites Extend system catalog to store data distribution details Extended concurrency control to maintain consistency of replicated data Extend recovery services to take account of failures of individual sites and common links

All copies of the same data are always identical Data updates are immediately applied to all copies throughout network Data integrity High over head slow response times

Some data inconsistency is tolerated Data update propagation is delayed Lower data integrity Less overhead And Faster response time

Management of Distributed Data with different levels of transparency


Distribution(network) transparency refers to freedom for the user from the operational details of the network Replication transparency copies of data may be stored at multiple sites for better availability, performance and reliability. Makes the user unaware of the existence of copies Fragmentation Transparency Relation is partitioned into several fragments stored in distinct sites

Software cost and Complexity Processing overhead Data Integrity Slow Response

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