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SIP Overview: Prepared By: Nguyen Pham Date: 15-Feb-2008

This document provides an overview of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) including its network elements, common SIP messages, and some key SIP features. SIP is a peer-to-peer signaling protocol that enables multimedia communication sessions over IP networks. The main SIP network elements are user agents, proxy servers, registrar servers, and redirect servers. Common SIP message types include INVITE, ACK, BYE, and various response codes. The document also discusses SIP registration, message forking, instant messaging, and conferencing.

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Thùy Dung
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66 views22 pages

SIP Overview: Prepared By: Nguyen Pham Date: 15-Feb-2008

This document provides an overview of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) including its network elements, common SIP messages, and some key SIP features. SIP is a peer-to-peer signaling protocol that enables multimedia communication sessions over IP networks. The main SIP network elements are user agents, proxy servers, registrar servers, and redirect servers. Common SIP message types include INVITE, ACK, BYE, and various response codes. The document also discusses SIP registration, message forking, instant messaging, and conferencing.

Uploaded by

Thùy Dung
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIP Overview

Prepared by: Nguyen Pham Date: 15-Feb-2008

Contents
1. SIP and its network elements 2. SIP messages 3. Some SIP features

1. SIP and its network elements


SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is a peer-topeer signalling protocol SIP purpose is to make communication available on the IP network Types of communication can be (but not limited to): audio, video, instant messaging, A SIP subscriber is defined by sip URI, which has the form of: sip:username@domain

SIP network elements


User Agent Proxy server Registrar Redirect server

User Agent (UA) is the SIP end point: usually an application on the PC, on the mobile phones, or whatever device capable of a IP address. Proxy servers perform routing of the SIP messages from UA to UA. Registrar servers store the location data of UAs: mapping a SIP URI with a IP/port. Redirect sever: an alternative to the proxy server, less common used
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Simple SIP signalling (SIP messages omitted)


Location DB DNS
Lookup INVITE Lookup

Location DB

Registrar REGISTER

Proxy INVITE

Proxy INVITE

Registrar REGISTER

sip:[email protected] Peer to Peer Media

sip:[email protected]

Redirect (Proxy alternative)


Redirect server Reply with Bs location

INVITE

User A

INVITE

User B

In Redirect mode, the signalling path is also peer-topeer Less workload for the core network
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2. SIP Messages
INVITE sip:[email protected] SIP/2.0

Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.168.99.1:5060 From: BigGuy <sip:[email protected]> To: LittleGuy <sip:[email protected]> Call-ID: [email protected] CSeq: 1 INVITE Subject: Happy Christmas Contact: BigGuy <sip:[email protected]> Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Length: 147 o=UserA 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 here.com s=Session SDP c=IN IP4 100.101.102.103 t=0 0 m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0 a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000

SIP messages are humanreadable Part 1: defining message type Part 2: Message header Part 3: Message body
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Types of message
SIP Requests:
Register: UA sends Register message to Registrar with IP address and port information Invite: Invite a callee to a session ACK: Acknowledge message Bye: Tear down a session Cancel: Cancel a not fully-established session Other Request Methods can be found in RFC 3261
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Types of message
SIP Responses: Containing the reply code in the first line
1xx: Information 2xx: Success 3xx: Redirection 4xx: Sender Client error 5xx: Server error 6xx: Global failure
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Types of message
UAs usually arrange messages into transactions and dialogs Transaction: A request and relevant responses Dialog: Set of transactions belonging to a session

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3. Some SIP features


This part includes concepts on some basic SIP features: Types of Proxy and the use Message forking Instant messaging Conference

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Types of Proxy
Stateless Proxy: Routing only Stateful Proxy: Store the call parties states during the session
Transaction Stateful Proxy Dialog Stateful Proxy: a prerequisite for other features such as: call details report, billing,

Back to Back User Agent (BBUA): BBUA is a UA enhanced with additional services that are transparent to the other call parties.
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Message forking
Proxy can forward a message to multiple destinations
Parallel forking: Simultaneously send invitations to all the destinations Recursive forking: Iterate through the list of destinations and try one at a time

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Message forking
User B device 1 INVITE Proxy INVITE User B device 2 INVITE INVITE User A User B device 2

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Instant Messaging
A SIP message with method MESSAGE is used to send IM, with the message contained in the body SIP IM problems:
Session handling SPIM filtering

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Conference

Proxy

User B

User A

User C

Signalling Media
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Conference
The SIP core network only provide signalling path Conference media stream is managed by the end-devices Alternative: Conferencing server for media relay

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Find out more


NAT and firewall traverse SIP-PSTN integration Security of the communication

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References
http://www.iptel.org/sip/intro http://www.tech-invite.com/

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Q&A

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Thank you!

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