Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic
Meaning in text is created in the relation of paradigmatic elements and syntagmatic order.
Paradigmatic is selective in nature represented in system network of vertical relationsis a kind of relation, system Syntagmatic is combinative in nature represented in horizontal orderis a part of, structure
System Network of Process
material primary mental relational
go, do, walk
know, like, see, want
BE, become, have, seem sleep. smile, die, bow
Process
behavioural
secondary
verbal existential Delicacy
say, tel, ask, order there+BE, come, lie, go
System Network of Cicumstance
location
extent manner spatial temporal
Circumstance
cause contingency role matter accompaniment angle Delicacy
System Network of Speech Function
Giving
ROLES SPEECH FUNCTION Demanding Question
Statement
Information COMMODITY Goods & Services
Offer
Command
Suggestion
System Network of Mood
INDICATIVE Declarative TYPE indicative Subject Finite + MooD (+Finite + Subject) imperative minor INERROGATIVE TYPE WH+Wh Wh Finite interrogative
major
MOOD TYPE
STATUS
clause
+Predicator
yes/no Finite Subject
Delicacy
Cline of Instantiation
context of situation
Institutionsituation type instance context of culture subpotentialinstance type
potential repertoir of register text type system (of language)
text
System and Structure
System is paradigmatic in nature represented in system network Structure is syntagmatic in nature represented in order (structure and collocation) Text is the product or instance of system network Realization is inter-stratal relation
Plane of Content and Expression
The protolanguage microfunction or protomicrofunction is the plane of content or meaning plane. They are elastic like rubber and are potential for development. The proto-microfunction is coded by phonetic/kinetic interface such as v.h.p.s (very high-pitched squeak [dodo ]) Proto-microfunction Phonetic/kinetic representation
Semogenesis
The protolinguistic redundancy evolves to metaredundancy of the adult language. The protolanguage: bi-stratal evolves to tristratal (potentially n-strata). Evolution of language or semohistory covers
1.
2. 3.
Phylogenetics (how meaning evolve in the system) Ontogenetics (how it develop in individuals) Logogenetics (how it unfolds in text)
Bi-and Tri-Stratal
Content Plane (Semantics)
Expression Plane (phonetic/kinetic coding)
Semantics
Lexicogrammar
Phonology
Metaredundancy
s t u
p q r l m n
a b c
Metaredundancy (cont)
General semiotics: bi-stratal
Language semiotics: tristratal p q r redounds not with l m n but with the redundancy of l m n with a b c. (semantics-lexicogrammarphonology) pq r (l m n a b c) s t u (p q r (l m n a b c))
SEMIOTICS OF BUNGA
<bunga> [b]
anak gadis sastra
Language and Social Context
IDEOLOGY
GENRE REGISTER
TEXT
Metaredundancy (cont)
((p q r (s t u l m n) (p q r a b c (l m n a b c)))
Ideology (Genre (Register (Semantics (Lex.Grammar Phonology)))) ((((Ideology Genre) Register) Semantics) Lex.Grammar) Phonology
Realization and Instantiation
Realization: interstratal Instantiation: intrastratal Realization: Field Ideational
Instantiation: Declarative I went to the library. Realization of meaning is not biunique rather one to many
System Network
1.
x a b a or b a
2.
A
x b p y q
ap aq bp bq
Realization and Instantiation
Field (Science)
Taxis
Paratactic
Logical Function
Hypotactic Elaboration = Logicosemantic Relation Expansion Extension + Enhancement X Locution Projection aX b
Idea
Realization and Instantiation (cont)
aXb
1.The rails extends because they are
heated by the sun beam
2. Iron, copper, zinc, water and other
metals are called conductor because
they pass on electric current.
SPEECH FUNCTIONS
Giving
ROLES SPEECH FUNCTION Demanding Question
Statement
Information COMMODITY Goods & Services
Offer
Command
Suggestion
Knowledge
Constructivism Knowledge: number of links between meaning and expression Hydrogen monoxide
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Dapat membuat kematian jika tertelan Dapat membakar kulit dalam bentuk gas Menjadi unsur utama hujan asam Dapat merusak rem mobil Dapat membuat orang muntah
Paradigmatic and Syntagmatic
Meaning in text is created in the relation of paradigmatic elements and syntagmatic order.
Paradigmatic is selective in nature represented in system network of vertical relationsis a kind of relation, system Syntagmatic is combinative in nature represented in horizontal orderis a part of, structure
Metaphor and Metonymy
Relation between meaning and expression is incongruently coded in metaphor or metonymy. Metaphor: relocation, displacement, comparison Metonymy: part-whole relation
System Network
INDICATIVE Declarative TYPE indicative Subject Finite + MooD (+Finite + Subject) imperative minor INERROGATIVE TYPE WH+Wh Wh Finite interrogative
major
MOOD TYPE
STATUS
clause
+Predicator
yes/no Finite Subject
Delicacy
Cline of Instantiation
context of situation
Institutionsituation type instance context of culture subpotentialinstance type
potential repertoir of register text type system (of language)
text
