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Sketching For Engineers: Engineering Design

The document provides guidance on sketching techniques for engineers. It discusses developing awareness of freehand sketching techniques to improve the ability to sketch existing objects. Techniques covered include using guidelines, negative space, perspective drawing with single point, two point and three point perspectives. Examples are given to demonstrate how to sketch objects like buildings and lamp posts using the different perspective methods.

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Jia Yi
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132 views46 pages

Sketching For Engineers: Engineering Design

The document provides guidance on sketching techniques for engineers. It discusses developing awareness of freehand sketching techniques to improve the ability to sketch existing objects. Techniques covered include using guidelines, negative space, perspective drawing with single point, two point and three point perspectives. Examples are given to demonstrate how to sketch objects like buildings and lamp posts using the different perspective methods.

Uploaded by

Jia Yi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Design

Sketching for Engineers


Aims:
To develop awareness of techniques that may be used when sketching objects To improve students ability to sketch freehand and To enhance the ability to draw or copy existing objects.

Materials
Pencils, B or HB Soft eraser Clear plastic ruler or similar A4 sketch pad

VISUAL COMMUNICATION
Engineers use sketches to communicate in many different situations for example development and discussion of design ideas recording existing information communication of design information for production of design drawings

VISUAL COMMUNICATION Reverse Osmosis System


V-6 V-5

PG-1

Membrane Module
V-17
PG-2

V-11

V-8

V-7 FI-3 V-2

Plate Heat Exchanger


V-4 V-3 V-9 V-12

Sample Point V-1 V-10

Concentrate Tank Permeate Tank


LS-3

Cooling Water Tank


LS-2

Feed Tank

LS-1

FI-1

FI-2

V-16

Filter 1

V-14 P-1

V-13 P-2

V-15

Filter 2

Plunger Pump

Exercise 1
Draw a rectangle

Exercise 2

Optical Illusions

lines can be created by their absence as much as by their presence

Optical Illusions

How does your mind work?

TECHNIQUES

The Picture Plane

The Picture Plane

The Picture Plane

The Picture Plane

Negative Shapes

Negative Shapes

Negative Shapes
(by looking at negative shapes see what is hidden)

Negative Shapes

Negative Shapes

Exercise 3

Construction Lines

Grids and guides

Exercise 4 Collection of Objects

Use the techniques that we have discussed to sketch the collection of objects in front of you as accurately as possible. Remember to sit comfortable with your drawing pad lifted up or placed on a drawing board to avoid distortion.

Engineering Design
Sketching Perspective

developed rules for a perspective construction method.


Shown here is 1point perspective. 1. Lines normal to the picture converge to a vanishing point on the horizon. 2. Lines parallel to the picture remain parallel.

Definitions:
Eye Point The point from which the object or scene is viewed.
Picture Plane The plane onto which the perspective is projected. Horizon This is where a horizontal plane that contains the eye point intersects with the picture plane and is the level to which sets of parallel horizontal lines will appear to converge. Vanishing Point The point to which parallel lines seem to converge together.

Centre of Vision the point on the picture plane where the optical axis of the construction passes through.

Single Point Perspective

Leonardo da Vincis 1-pt perspective.

Measured 1-pt Perspective Picture


Plane

Plan Picture Plane

Horizon plane Elevation

Sketching perspective

Whats wrong here?

A pitched roof
[A brief aside using 2-point perspective]
How would you position the apex?

Construction for equally spaced lamp posts

Viewed from the top deck of a bus?

Sketching perspective

We can now check.

Sketching perspective cont.


So far the objects in the scene have all had their axes normal to the picture such that a single vanishing point was enough. When small objects are viewed obliquely we need two vanishing points. For very tall objects a third vanishing point will help.

2 Point perspective

The pitched roof again


[How would you complete the roof?]

Copy the sketch and try to complete it.

3 Point perspective

3-pt perspective (Chrysler Building)

Useful URLs
MacEvoy, B. (2008) http://www.handprint.com/HP/WCL/perspect1.html [Accessed 29/10/08]

Smyth, M (a), http://www.artgraphica.net/free-artlessons/wetcanvas/basic-perspective-for-artists/basicperspective-for-artists.htm [Accessed 29/10/08]

The Oxford Companion to Western Art (2008) http://www.oxfordreference.com/pages/samplep-17 [Accessed 29/10/08]

Thank you

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