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    Lecture 2. Refrigeration Cycles

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    addisudagne
    The document discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, which is the most widely used cycle for refrigerators, air conditioners, and heat pumps. It involves four main processes: (1) compression of a refrigerant vapor, (2) condensation of the refrigerant into a liquid in a condenser, (3) expansion of the liquid refrigerant, and (4) evaporation of the refrigerant in an evaporator. The ideal cycle assumes the refrigerant undergoes instantaneous phase changes without any superheating or subcooling. The actual vapor-compression cycle is less efficient due to irreversibilities such as pressure drops and heat transfer within components.

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    Lecture 2. Refrigeration Cycles

    Uploaded by

    addisudagne
    230 views8 pages
    The document discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, which is the most widely used cycle for refrigerators, air conditioners, and heat pumps. It involves four main processes: (1) compression of a refrigerant vapor, (2) condensation of the refrigerant into a liquid in a condenser, (3) expansion of the liquid refrigerant, and (4) evaporation of the refrigerant in an evaporator. The ideal cycle assumes the refrigerant undergoes instantaneous phase changes without any superheating or subcooling. The actual vapor-compression cycle is less efficient due to irreversibilities such as pressure drops and heat transfer within components.

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    The document discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, which is the most widely used cycle for refrigerators, air conditioners, and heat pumps. It involves four main processes: (1) compression of a refrigerant vapor, (2) condensation of the refrigerant into a liquid in a condenser, (3) expansion of the liquid refrigerant, and (4) evaporation of the refrigerant in an evaporator. The ideal cycle assumes the refrigerant undergoes instantaneous phase changes without any superheating or subcooling. The actual vapor-compression cycle is less efficient due to irreversibilities such as pressure drops and heat transfer within components.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    230 views8 pages

    Lecture 2. Refrigeration Cycles

    Uploaded by

    addisudagne
    The document discusses the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, which is the most widely used cycle for refrigerators, air conditioners, and heat pumps. It involves four main processes: (1) compression of a refrigerant vapor, (2) condensation of the refrigerant into a liquid in a condenser, (3) expansion of the liquid refrigerant, and (4) evaporation of the refrigerant in an evaporator. The ideal cycle assumes the refrigerant undergoes instantaneous phase changes without any superheating or subcooling. The actual vapor-compression cycle is less efficient due to irreversibilities such as pressure drops and heat transfer within components.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Engineering and Technology college Mechanical Engineering Department

    Lecture 2 Refrigeration Cycles


    By: Addisu Dagne
    1

    The most efficient refrigeration cycle operating between TL and TH. But not a suitable model for refrigeration cycles because: (i) process 2-3 involves compression of a liquidvapor mixture requires a compressor that will handle two phases, (ii) process 4-1 involves expansion of high-moisture-content refrigerant in a turbine.

    The Reversed Carnot Cycle

    Both COPs increase as the difference between the two temperatures decreases, i.e. as TL rises Schematic of a or TH falls.
    Carnot refrigerator and T-s diagram of the reversed Carnot cycle. 2

    Ideal Vapor-compression Refrigeration Cycle Is the ideal model for refrigeration systems. The refrigerant is vaporized
    completely before it is compressed and the turbine is replaced with a throttling device.

    The most widely used cycle for refrigerators, A-C systems, and heat pumps.
    Schematic and T-s diagram for the ideal vaporcompression refrigeration cycle.

    The ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle involves an irreversible (throttling) process to make it a more realistic model for the actual systems.
    Steady-flow energy balance

    An ordinary household refrigerator .

    The P-h diagram of an ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle.

    Problem
    Ideal and Actual Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycles

    1112 A refrigerator uses refrigerant-134a as the working fluid and operates on an ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle between 0.12 and 0.7 MPa. The mass flow rate of the refrigerant is 0.05 kg/s. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines. Determine: a) the rate of heat removal from the refrigerated space, b) the power input to the compressor, c) the rate of heat rejection to the environment, and d) the coefficient of performance. Answers: (a) 7.41 kW, 1.83 kW, (b) 9.23 kW, (c) 4.06

    Actual Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle


    An actual vapor-compression refrigeration cycle involves irreversibilities in various components - mainly due to fluid friction (causes pressure drops) and heat transfer to or from the surroundings. As a result, the COP decreases.
    Differences Non-isentropic compression; Superheated vapor at evaporator exit; Sub-cooled liquid at condenser exit; Pressure drops in condenser and evaporator.

    Schematic and T-s diagram for the actual vaporcompression refrigeration cycle.

    Problem Class Ideal and Actual Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycles Exercise


    1115 Consider a 300 kJ/min refrigeration system that operates on an ideal vaporcompression refrigeration cycle with refrigerant-134a as the working fluid. The refrigerant enters the compressor as saturated vapor at 140 kPa and is compressed to 800 kPa. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine the: a)quality of the refrigerant at evaporator inlet, b)coefficient of performance, and c)power input to the compressor.

    Problem
    Ideal and Actual Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycles

    1118 Refrigerant-134a enters the compressor of a refrigerator as superheated vapor at 0.14 MPa and 10C at a rate of 0.12 kg/s, and it leaves at 0.7 MPa and 50C. The refrigerant is cooled in the condenser to 24C and 0.65 MPa, and it is throttled to 0.15 MPa. Disregarding any heat transfer and pressure drops in the connecting lines between the components, show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine: a)the rate of heat removal from the refrigerated space, b)the power input to the compressor, c)the isentropic efficiency of the compressor, and d)the COP of the refrigerator. Answers: (a) 19.4 kW, 5.06 kW, (b) 82.5 percent, (c) 3.83

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