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Virtual Instrumentation With Labview

- The document discusses LabVIEW, a program for creating virtual instruments (VIs) used in data acquisition and analysis. - It covers the basics of the LabVIEW programming environment and building VIs using controls, indicators, and a block diagram interface. - Specific topics include creating front panels, using functions and tools, building subVIs, performing simple data acquisition with DAQ devices, implementing loops and charts, working with arrays and file I/O. - Exercises guide users through creating VIs for temperature conversion and monitoring, and analyzing and logging data to files.

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Elafan
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
36 views

Virtual Instrumentation With Labview

- The document discusses LabVIEW, a program for creating virtual instruments (VIs) used in data acquisition and analysis. - It covers the basics of the LabVIEW programming environment and building VIs using controls, indicators, and a block diagram interface. - Specific topics include creating front panels, using functions and tools, building subVIs, performing simple data acquisition with DAQ devices, implementing loops and charts, working with arrays and file I/O. - Exercises guide users through creating VIs for temperature conversion and monitoring, and analyzing and logging data to files.

Uploaded by

Elafan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Virtual Instrumentation With LabVIEW

Course Goals
Understand the components of a Virtual Instrument Introduce LabVIEW and common LabVIEW functions Build a simple data acquisition application Create a subroutine in LabVIEW

Section I
LabVIEW terms Components of a LabVIEW application LabVIEW programming tools Creating an application in LabVIEW

LabVIEW Programs Are Called Virtual Instruments (VIs)


Front Panel Controls = Inputs Indicators = Outputs Block Diagram Accompanying program for front panel Components wired together

VI Front Panel

Panel Toolbar

Boolean Control

Double Indicator

Waveform Graph

VI Block Diagram

Call to subVI Knob Terminal

Thermometer Terminal Temperature Graph

Numeric Constant

While Loop

Stop Button Terminal

Stop Loop Terminal

Controls and Functions Palettes


Controls Palette
(Panel Window)

Functions Palette
(Diagram Window)

Graphical, floating palettes Used to place controls & indicators on the front panel, or to build the block diagram

Tools Palette
Floating Palette Used to operate and modify front panel and block diagram objects.
Automatic Selection Tool Operating Tool Positioning/Resizing Tool Labeling Tool Wiring Tool Shortcut Menu Tool Scrolling Tool Breakpoint Tool Probe Tool Color Copy Tool Coloring Tool

Status Toolbar
Run Button Continuous Run Button Abort Execution Pause/Continue Button Text Settings Align Objects Distribute Objects Reorder Execution Highlighting Button Step Into Button Step Over Button Additional Buttons on the Diagram Toolbar

Step Out Button

Open and Run a Virtual Instrument


Signal Generation and Processing.vi

Creating a VI
Front Panel Window

Block Diagram Window

Control Terminals

Indicator Terminals

Creating a VI Block Diagram

Wiring Tips Block Diagram


Wiring Hot Spot Click To Select Wires

Spacebar Flips Wire Orientation

Click While Wiring To Tack Wires Down

Dataflow Programming
Block diagram does NOT execute left to right
Node executes when data is available to ALL input terminals Nodes supply data to all output terminals when done

Exercise 1 - Convert C to F

Section II SubVIs

What is a subVI? Making an icon and connector for a subVI Using a VI as a subVI

SubVIs
A SubVI is a VI that can be used within another VI Advantages
Modular Easier to debug Dont have to recreate code Require less memory

Icon and Connector

Icon Terminals

An icon represents a VI in other block diagrams A connector shows available terminals for data transfer

Connector

SubVIs

SubVIs

Steps to Create a SubVI


Create the Icon Create the Connector Assign Terminals Save the VI Insert the VI into a Top Level VI

Create the Icon


Right-click on the icon in the diagram or front panel

Create the Connector


Right click on the icon pane (front panel only)

Assign Terminals

Save The VI
Choose an Easy to Remember Location Organize by Functionality
Save Similar VIs into one directory (e.g. Math Utilities)

Organize by Application
Save all VIs Used for a Specific Application into one directory or library file (e.g. Lab 1 Frequency Response)
Library Files (.llbs) combine many VIs into a single file, ideal for transferring entire applications across computers

Insert the SubVI into a Top Level VI


Accessing user-made subVIs Functions >> Select a VI Or Drag icon onto target diagram

Tips for Working in LabVIEW


Keystroke Shortcuts
<Ctrl-H> Activate/Deactivate Context Help Window <Ctrl-B> Remove Broken Wires From Block Diagram <Ctrl-E> Toggle Between Front Panel and Block Diagram <Ctrl-Z> Undo (Also in Edit Menu)

Tab Key Toggle Through Tools on Toolbar Tools Options Set Preferences in LabVIEW VI Properties Configure VI Appearance, Documentation, etc.

Section III Data Acquisition


Data acquisition (DAQ) basics Connecting Signals Simple DAQ application
Sensors
Cable Terminal Block DAQ Device

Computer

DAQ Data Acquisition


Plug-in board for a computer with:
Analog input channels Analog output channels Counters Digital I/O

Controlled by a suite of LabVIEW VIs


Functions>>Data Acquisition

DAQ Data Acquisition


Simple Temperature Acquisition Example Two parameters Device = 1 Channel = 0

Data Acquisition Terminology


Resolution - Determines How Many Different Voltage Changes Can Be Measured
Larger Resolution More Precise Representation of Signal

Range - Minimum and Maximum Voltages


Smaller range More Precise Representation of Signal

Gain - Amplifies or Attenuates Signal for Best Fit in Range

Hardware Connections
BNC-2120 SC-2075

SCB-68

Exercise 2 Simple Data Acquisition


Complete Convert C to F.vi, then create Thermometer.vi.

Section IV Loops and Charts


For Loop While Loop Charts Multiplots

Loops
While Loops
Have Iteration Terminal Always Run Once Run According to Continue Terminal

For Loops
Have Iteration Terminal Run According to input N

Loops (cont.)
1. Select the loop 2. Enclose Code to Repeat

For Loop

Charts
Waveform chart special numeric indicator that can display a history of values Controls >> Graphs >> Waveform Chart

Wiring Data into Charts


Single Plot Charts Multiplot Charts

Exercise 3
Students build Temperature Monitor.vi.

Section V Arrays & File I/O


Build arrays manually Have LabVIEW build arrays automatically Write to a spreadsheet file Read from a spreadsheet file

Adding an Array to the Front Panel


From the Controls >> Array and Cluster subpalette, select the Array Shell

Drop it on the screen.

Adding an Array (cont.)


Place data object into shell (e.g. digital control).

Creating an Array with a Loop


Loops accumulate arrays at their boundaries

Creating 2D Arrays

File I/O
File I/O passing data to and from files - Files can be binary, text, or spreadsheet Write to a spreadsheet file Read from a spreadsheet file

File I/O
Easy File I/O VIs

Read/write to spreadsheet file

Read/write characters to file (ASCII)


Read lines from file Read/write binary file

File I/O Example


Writing a 2D Array to File

File I/O Example


Reading a 2D Array from a File

Exercise 4 Analyzing and Logging Data


Students build Temperature Logger.vi

Where Do I Go From Here?


Example programs (Help Find Examples) LabVIEW Student Edition (www.ni.com/labviewse) Web resources (ni.com)
NI Developer Zone (zone.ni.com) Application Notes Info-labview newsgroup (www.info-labview.org/) Instrument Driver Library (www.ni.com/idnet)

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