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SOLAS 1974 CHAPTER II-2

• CONSTRUCTION – FIRE PROTECTION,

FIRE DECTION AND FIRE
EXTINCTION
• ANNEX 1
• ANNEX 2

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Objective

• To familiarize students with to SOLAS 1974

ad the latest amendment made for technical
guidance and code practice in 2002 under
annex 1 & 2 –

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SOLAS 1974 Chap. II-2

• After incorporating the many revisions adopted after the 1974
SOLAS Convention had come into force, it became apparent
that the existing SOLAS chapter II-2 was becoming
increasingly difficult to use and implement. In particular, the
existing chapter had many vague phrases such as “to the
satisfaction of the Administration” or “a means shall be
provided”.
• In fact, there were over 200 such phrases used throughout the
chapter.
• In addition, the existing chapter had no support structure to
accommodate novel designs and features and
• there was little focus on the human element, an issue which is
now receiving a great deal of attention given that 80%
maritime casualties are caused by the human element.
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SOLAS 1974 Chap. II-2

• To address the above issues, the Sub-Committee on Fire Protection
undertook an eight year effort that led to the adoption of an entirely new
structure for SOLAS chapter II-2 which may better accommodate the way
port and flag States and ship designers deal with fire safety issues in the
future.
• The new structure focuses on the “fire scenario process” rather than on
ship type, as the existing SOLAS chapter II-2 is currently structured.
• Thus, the regulations start with prevention, detection, and suppression
following all the way through to escape.
• In addition, to make the revised SOLAS chapter II-2 more user-friendly,
specific system related technical requirements were moved to a new
International Fire Safety Systems Code (which will be addressed later in
the paper) and each regulation will now have a purpose statement and
functional requirements to assist port and flag States in resolving matters
which may not be fully addressed in the prescription requirements.
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SOLAS 1974 Chap. II-2

• The revised SOLAS chapter II-2 also has a new part E that deals exclusively
with human element matters such as training, drills and maintenance issues and
• a new part F that sets out a methodology for approving alternative (or novel)
designs and arrangements.
• In regard to the latter, the regulations contained in part F will be supported by a
new set of guidelines.
• The new guidelines, once adopted, are intended to provide technical
justification for alternative design and arrangements to SOLAS chapter II-2.
• The guidelines will outline the methodology for the engineering analysis
required by the new SOLAS regulation II-2/17, dealing with alternative design
and arrangements, where approval of an alternative design deviating from the
prescriptive requirements of SOLAS chapter II-2 is sought.

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• The revised SOLAS chapter II-2 and the

associated FSS Code enter into force on 1 July
2002 and will apply to all ships built on or
after 1 July 2002,
• although some of the amendments apply to
existing ships as well as new ones.
• The revised SOLAS chapter II-2provisions is
contained in annex 1.

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PART A - GENERAL
• Regulation 1 - Application - The chapter applies to ships
built on or after 1 July 2002. Ships
• constructed before that date should comply with the chapter in
force prior to 1 July 2002,
• however there are some requirements for existing ships in the
revised chapter.
• Regulation 2 - Fire safety objectives and functional
requirements – Provides the fire safety objectives and
functional requirements for the chapter.
• Regulation 3 - Definitions - Gives definitions of terms used
in the chapter.

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PART B - PREVENTION OF
FIRE AND EXPLOSION
• Regulation 4 - Probability of ignition - The purpose of this
regulation is to prevent the ignition of combustible materials
or flammable liquids.
• Regulation 5 - Fire growth potential - The purpose of this
regulation is to limit the fire growth potential in every space
of the ship.
• Regulation 6 - Smoke generation potential and toxicity -
The purpose of this regulation is to reduce the hazard to life
from smoke and toxic products generated during a fire in
spaces where persons normally work or live.

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PART C- SUPPRESSION OF FIRE

• Regulation 7 - Detection and alarm - The purpose of this
regulation is to detect a fire in the space of origin and to provide
for alarm for safe escape and fire-fighting activities.
• Regulation 8 - Control of smoke spread - The purpose of this
regulation is to control the spread of smoke in order to minimize
the hazards from smoke.
• Regulation 9 - Containment of fire - The purpose of this
regulation is to contain a fire in the space of origin.
• Regulation 10 - Fire fighting - The purpose of this regulation is
to suppress and swiftly extinguish a fire in the space of origin.
• Regulation 11 - Structural integrity - The purpose of this
regulation is to maintain structural integrity of the ship
preventing partial or whole collapse of the ship structures due to
strength deterioration by heat.

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PART D - ESCAPE

• Regulation 12 - Notification of crew and passengers - The

purpose of this regulation is to notify crew and passengers of
a fire for safe evacuation.
• Regulation 13 - Means of escape -The purpose of this
regulation is to provide means of escape so that persons
onboard can safely and swiftly escape to the lifeboat and
liferaft embarkation deck.

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PART E - OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

• Regulation 14 - Operational readiness and maintenance -
The purpose of this regulation is to maintain and monitor the
effectiveness of the fire safety measures the ship is provided
with.
• Regulation 15 - Instructions, onboard training and drills
-The purpose of this regulation is to mitigate the
consequences of fire by means of proper instructions for
training and drills for persons onboard responsible for carrying
out ship procedures under emergency conditions.
• Regulation 16 – Operations -The purpose of this regulation
is to provide information and instructions for proper ship
and cargo handling operations in relation to fire safety.

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PART F - ALTERNATIVE DESIGN AND

ARRANGEMENTS

• Regulation 17 - Alternative design and

arrangements - The purpose of this
regulation is to provide a methodology for
approving alternative design and arrangements
for fire safety.

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PART G - SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

• Regulation 18 - Helicopter facilities - The purpose of this
regulation is to provide additional measures in order to
address the fire safety objectives of this chapter for ships fitted
with special facilities for helicopters.
• Regulation 19 - Carriage of dangerous goods - The purpose
of this regulation is to provide additional safety measures in
order to address the fire safety objectives of this chapter for
ships carrying dangerous goods.
• Regulation 20 - Protection of vehicle, special category and
ro-ro spaces - The purpose of this regulation is to provide
additional safety measures in order to address the fire safety
objectives of this chapter for ships fitted with vehicle, special
category and ro-ro spaces.

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Annex 2 - The International Fire Safety Systems (FSS) Code

•The adoption of the FSS Code is a major change to the original
Convention.
•Some of the original technical provisions have been transferred from the
Convention to the Code, and many others have been spelled out in
greater detail in the Code. The main reason behind this decision was to
separate carriage and other statutory requirements, which clearly belong
in the Convention and are meant for the Administration, from purely
technical provisions, which are better suited for the Code and may be
applied in a more user-friendly manner by equipment manufacturers,
•systems engineers, etc.
•As mentioned earlier, the purpose of the FSS Code is to provide
international standards for fire safety systems required by revised SOLAS
chapter II-2, under which it is made mandatory.
•The FSS Code consists of fifteen chapters, each addressing specific
systems and
•arrangements, except for chapter I which contains a several definitions
and also general requirements for approval of alternative designs and
toxic extinguishing media.
•Annex 2 contains a list of the chapters in the new FSS Code.

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Annex 2 - THE INTERNATIONAL FIRE SAFETY

SYSTEMS (FSS) CODE
Table of contents
• Preamble
• Chapter 1 General
• Chapter 2 International shore connections
• Chapter 3 Personnel protection
• Chapter 4 Fire extinguishers
• Chapter 5 Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems
• Chapter 6 Fixed foam fire-extinguishing systems
• Chapter 7 Fixed pressure water-spraying and water-mist fire-extinguishing systems
• Chapter 8 Automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm systems
• Chapter 9 Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems
• Chapter 10 Sample extraction smoke detection systems
• Chapter 11 Low-location lighting systems
• Chapter 12 Fixed emergency fire pumps
• Chapter 13 Arrangement of means of escape
• Chapter 14 Fixed deck foam systems
• Chapter 15 Inert gas systems
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