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Bare Bones ASM: What Every DBA Needs To Know

This document discusses Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and provides an overview for database administrators. It covers topics such as what ASM is, how to set it up and use it, caveats to be aware of, and new features in Oracle 11gR2. ASM is a storage management solution that replaces conventional file systems and provides capabilities like striping, mirroring, and online administration of disk storage. The document provides examples of ASM commands and configuration. It also notes that ASM should be installed separately from the database and manages disk storage for Oracle files.

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253 views32 pages

Bare Bones ASM: What Every DBA Needs To Know

This document discusses Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and provides an overview for database administrators. It covers topics such as what ASM is, how to set it up and use it, caveats to be aware of, and new features in Oracle 11gR2. ASM is a storage management solution that replaces conventional file systems and provides capabilities like striping, mirroring, and online administration of disk storage. The document provides examples of ASM commands and configuration. It also notes that ASM should be installed separately from the database and manages disk storage for Oracle files.

Uploaded by

Alok Pratap
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Bare Bones ASM

What Every DBA Needs to Know

Jay Caviness Sr. Systems Engineer McKesson Provider Technologies

Topics

What is ASM? Using ASM Caveats and Issues

New Features in 11gR2

McKesson Provider Technologies

Largest Healthcare IS Company Oracle Solutions Partner McKesson Clinicals Applications 17 Applications Suites Meds Manager ER Billing/Revenue Management Nursing NICU/PICU

About Me
Oracle DBA for 20 years Senior Engineering DBA and Oracle Infrastructure Architect for McKesson Provider Technologies Administered Oracle from v5.1 11g

Beta team for 11gR2


Oracle Certified Professional

Known as the Grumpy DBA

McKesson Horizon Clinicals and ASM

Over 800 hospital deploy McKesson applications


ASM deployed starting in late 2005 (10gR1) As of today more than 475 hospitals run Oracle ASM - Most run Oracle RAC - over 700 clusters - Linux, HP/UX and IBM-AIX

McKesson Horizon Clinicals Client

Starting disk space per installation: 400GB+ Growth 20%30% year over year

Retention requirements vary by HIPAA rules, typically 7-10 years

Automated Storage Management

Why ASM

Why choose ASM?

Setup and Management


Simplicity Scalability & Performance

Robust and Stable

What is ASM?
Replaces conventional file systems and volume managers
Capacity on demand
Add/drop disks online

Automatic I/O load balancing


Stripes data across disks to balance load

Automatic mirroring
Automatic Storage Management

Easy to set up and use

Works with SAN, NAS or filesystems

What ASM does do


Stripe & mirror data across multiple disks Reduces management overhead Provides 0, 2 or 3-way mirroring Can store almost all types of database related files*

What ASM does not do


Not an I/O broker or controller I/O is still managed by the individual instances Not a database INSTANCE_TYPE=asm Acts as the mediator and definer Not foolproof, luns can be removed out from under ASM!

ASM - Setup
Install in own Oracle Home

Determine redundancy/mirroring
Determine LUN/Disk size Partition devices

Install ASM software and start the mini-cluster

The mini-cluster
The Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services Daemon is required for ASM even for a single (non-RAC) database

Used for communication between ASM and database instances Root.sh will create an entry in /etc/inittab to respawn cssd

ASMlib
Defines disk/luns for use with ASM --------------------------------

---- ----------- -------------- Only available on Linux --------------asm_diskgroups service oracleasm string DGROUP1 asm_diskstring /dev/oracleasm string ORCL:VOL*

init+ASM.ora
Only one ASM instance per node

----------------------------------- ----------*.asm_diskgroups=DATA' ----------------------------*.asm_diskstring='ORCL:* -- linux *.asm_diskstring=/dev/asm_disk* -- unix asm_diskgroups *.asm_diskstring=/dev/c0t1d1* unix string DGROUP1 *.asm_diskstring=/dev/sda1 asm_diskstring *.instance_type='asm' string ORCL:VOL*

*.processes=500 - Set to minimum of 25 + 15 * number of databases uses ASM for storage

Diskgroups
Diskgroups are the logical storage units for ASM

One or more for all databases on a server or cluster

Often, two diskgroups are created, one for tablespace and another for FRA

Diskgroups may also be created by SAN speed (fast, middle, slow)

Redundancy

ASM supports three types of redundancy


External

no mirroring within ASM, all at the OS level

Normal

the default two way mirroring, each stripe is written to two extents three way mirroring each stripe written to one primary and two mirrored extents

High

Failgroups
Failgroups cannot be removed without recreating the diskgroup. If one failgroup is lost or offline for a period of time, it will be re-synced when available again Fail groups should be across different controllers or SANs

Tools to Manage ASM


SQL*Plus

ASMCMD
Grid Control / Database Control SRVCTL RAC only

Basic ASM Commands


Create a diskgroup:
CREATE DISKGROUP dgroup1 DISK orcl:vol001,orcl:vol002;

Drop a diskgroup
DROP DISKGROUP dgroup1;

To drop a diskgroup which still contains data:


DROP DISKGROUP dgroup1 INCLUDING CONTENTS;

Basic ASM Commands


Add luns to a diskgroup:
ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 ADD DISK orcl:vol006;

Remove luns from a diskgroup:


ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 REMOVE DISK vol006;

Do both at the same time:


ALTER DISKGROUP dgroup1 ADD DISK 'ORCL:VOL003','ORCL:VOL004' DROP DISK 'VOL005' REBALANCE POWER 6;

Rebalancing
Redistribution only occurs when adding or dropping disk

Change the asm_power_limit, default 1, 0 up to 11


To modify the power limit for a disk group:
alter diskgroup dgroup1 rebalance power 11;

Check on the status via V$ASM_OPERATION

Basic ASM Commands Database level


Set for default diskgroup
db_create_file_dest=+DGROUP1

Create tablespaces without names using OMF


CREATE TABLESPACE testts DATAFILE SIZE 5g; ALTER TABLESPACE testts ADD DATAFILE SIZE 10g;

Basic ASM Commands Database level


Set for default diskgroup for logfiles:
db_create_online_log_dest_1=+DGROUP1 db_create_online_log_dest_2=+DGROUP1

Create redo logs without names using OMF


ALTER SYSTEM ADD LOGFILE SIZE 200m;

Caveats
If ASM goes down, all instance that use ASM will immediately crash. Normal or high redundancy may not show the actual disk use Databases can remain unnoticed if not dropped Loss of a disk (when using external redundancy) will result in the loss of the diskgroup

ASM Myths and Legends


ASM will automatically rebalance hot spots

ASM controls file I/O


ASM must run on RAID 10 Disks/Luns must be added to a diskgroup in multiples of 4 or 8

Quick Guide to 11gR2 New Features

Database RAC

Application

3rd Party FS

Automatic Storage Management (ASM)


ACFS Snapshot ASM Cluster & Single Node File System (ACFS) Dynamic Volume Manager

ASM Instance Managing Oracle DB Files

ASM Files

Dynamic Volumes

ASM
Disk Group
DB Datafiles DB Datafiles DB Datafiles
OCR & Voting files
ACFS FS Oracle Bin 3rd Party FS

Oracle Database 11g Release 2


Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

`
SOA IMDB OC4J APACHE

The foundation for Grid Storage

Siebel Web

PSFT EBS File System

DW ODS

Binaries OCR & Voting Files

DB Datafiles

New in 11gR2
ASM part of the clusterware

ACFS
ASMCA, ASMCMD RAC - OCR/Voting disks in ASM Diskgroup rename

Recommended Reading

www.oracle.com/technology/asm - Oracle White Papers www.oracleracsig.com Oracle RAC SIG


www.oracle-base.com/articles/10g/ASMUsingASMLibAndRawDevices.php

www.juliandyke.com Author Julian Dyke


www.idevelopment.info Jeff Hunter

More information

Contact: [email protected] Corporate: www.mckesson.com/clinicals

Personal: www.grumpy-dba.com

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