Scribd
Upload
98 views16 pages

Engines

This document discusses the history of engines and technology. It describes Al-Jazari, a 13th century engineer who invented important mechanical devices including early camshafts. Al-Jazari improved on previous designs and implemented camshafts in automata, water-raising machines, and water clocks. The document outlines the evolution of the camshaft and its role in converting reciprocating motion to rotational motion. It also discusses how camshafts are essential to the function of internal combustion engines and pumps.

Uploaded by

hossamkandil7
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
98 views16 pages

Engines

This document discusses the history of engines and technology. It describes Al-Jazari, a 13th century engineer who invented important mechanical devices including early camshafts. Al-Jazari improved on previous designs and implemented camshafts in automata, water-raising machines, and water clocks. The document outlines the evolution of the camshaft and its role in converting reciprocating motion to rotational motion. It also discusses how camshafts are essential to the function of internal combustion engines and pumps.

Uploaded by

hossamkandil7
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Pharos University in Alexandria Faculty of Engineering HU 121 History of Engineering and Technology

Lect6

Engines Fall 2012/13

Outline
Engines
Definition Types

The Cam
Al Jazari Engines Al Jazari Cam
Pumps Internal Combustion Engine
Review Questions at the end

HU121_Lect6_Engines

Engine

An engine converts energy Into useful mechanical motion.

HU121_Lect6_Engines

Types of Engines
1. Water-driven Engine (water wheels --> water
turbines)

2. Wind-driven Engine
6. Jet Engine 3. Steam Engine 4. Internal Combustion Engine

5. Electromagnetic Engine (Motor)


HU121_Lect6_Engines 4

Al Jazari
The first known engines were described by Al Jazari in the 13th century. Al-Jazari inherited the knowledge of his predecessors, but he improved on their designs and added his own. His book Al-Jami bayn al-Ilm wal Amal Al-Nafi fi Sinaat Al-Hiyal (Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices) is a pioneering book in engineering. This book was translated to English by Donald Roultedge Hill in 1947.
HU121_Lect6_Engines 5

Al Jazari Mechanical Devices


Cam Crankshaft and crankslider mechanism Water-raising machines Automata Clocks
HU121_Lect6_Engines 6

Evolution of the Camshaft

da Vinci crank and rod Al Jazari 16th Century Water Raising Engine 13th Century
Roman sawmill camshaft 3rd century
HU121_Lect6_Engines 7

Cam Shaft
Converts up and down or reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa.

HU121_Lect6_Engines

Al Jazaris Camshaft
The camshaft was conceived and described by Al-Jazari in 1206. He implemented the camshaft as part of
automata, water-raising machines, and water clocks.

The cam and camshaft later appeared in European mechanisms from the 14th century. The camshaft is an essential mechanism for conceiving and designing the Internal combustion engines and pumps.
HU121_Lect6_Engines 9

Al Jazari Double-acting Piston Engine


Main Features: 1. it converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion through the crankconnecting-rod mechanism. 2. it employs a doubleacting principle (at the same time as one piston sucks, the other one delivers the water). 3. it is the first pump known to have had true suction pipes.
HU121_Lect6_Engines 10

HU121_Lect6_Engines

11

Internal Combustion

HU121_Lect6_Engines

12

The Role of the Cam in an Internal Combustion Engine


In the internal combustion system the cam and follower system are required to control the opening and the closing of the inlet and exhaust valves.

HU121_Lect6_Engines

13

Cam Pump

The follower is cylindrically shaped and moves within a tight fitting cylinder so liquid is sucked in and pushed out as the follower moves up and down.

HU121_Lect6_Engines

14

Multiplex Pump

HU121_Lect6_Engines

15

Review Questions
1. (a) Define an engine (b) List four types of engines in chronological order (a) Sketch and describe a Camshaft (b) Name two modern applications of camshafts 2.

3. Al Jazari is considered one of the founders of modern engineering.


(a) (b) In what century did Al Jazari live? List his major engineering contributions

4. Discuss the main features of Al Jazari Double-acting Piston Engine

5. Describe briefly the role of the cam mechanism in


(a) An internal combustion engine and (b) A suction pump
HU121_Lect6_Engines 16

You might also like