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Android Introduction: Platform Overview

Android is an open-source software stack that includes an operating system, middleware, and key applications for mobile devices. It was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of technology companies including Google, HTC, Intel, and others. Popular Android devices include phones from Motorola, Samsung, and HTC as well as tablets from Acer, Toshiba, and others. Android's market share has grown significantly since its launch, surpassing Apple and RIM. The Android software stack consists of applications, an application framework, libraries, and a Linux-based operating system. It uses the Dalvik virtual machine and is developed using the Java programming language.

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Shery Awan
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51 views

Android Introduction: Platform Overview

Android is an open-source software stack that includes an operating system, middleware, and key applications for mobile devices. It was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of technology companies including Google, HTC, Intel, and others. Popular Android devices include phones from Motorola, Samsung, and HTC as well as tablets from Acer, Toshiba, and others. Android's market share has grown significantly since its launch, surpassing Apple and RIM. The Android software stack consists of applications, an application framework, libraries, and a Linux-based operating system. It uses the Dalvik virtual machine and is developed using the Java programming language.

Uploaded by

Shery Awan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Android Introduction

Platform Overview

What is Android?

Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications.

OHA (Open Handset Alliance)


A

business alliance consisting of 47 companies to develop open standards for mobile devices

Phones

HTC G1, Droid, Tattoo

Motorola Droid (X)

Suno S880

Samsung Galaxy

Sony Ericsson
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Tablets

Velocity Micro Cruz

Gome FlyTouch

Acer beTouch

Dawa D7

Toshiba Android SmartBook

Cisco Android Tablet


5

MarketShare
Feb10 RIM Apple 42.1% 25.4% May10 41.7% 24.4% Apr11 29% 25%

Google
Microsoft Palm

9%
15.1% 5.4%

13%
13.2% 4.8%

33%
7.7% 2.9%

Architecture

Android S/W Stack - Application


Android provides a set of core applications:

Email Client SMS Program Calendar Maps Browser Contacts Etc

All applications are written using the Java language.


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Android S/W Stack App Framework

Enabling

and simplifying the reuse of components


Developers have full access to the same framework APIs used by the core applications. Users are allowed to replace components.

Android S/W Stack App Framework (Cont)


Features
Feature View System Content Provider Resource Manager Notification Manager Activity Manager Role Used to build an application, including lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, and embedded web browser Enabling applications to access data from other applications or to share their own data Providing access to non-code resources (localized strings, graphics, and layout files) Enabling all applications to display customer alerts in the status bar Managing the lifecycle of applications and providing a common navigation backstack

10

Android S/W Stack - Libraries

Including

a set of C/C++ libraries used by components of the Android system Exposed to developers through the Android application framework

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Android S/W Stack - Runtime

Core Libraries

Providing most of the functionality available in the core libraries of the Java language APIs

Data Structures Utilities File Access Network Access Graphics Etc

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Android S/W Stack Runtime (Cont)

Dalvik Virtual Machine

Providing environment on which every Android application runs

Each Android application runs in its own process, with its own instance of the Dalvik VM. Dalvik has been written such that a device can run multiple VMs efficiently.

Register-based virtual machine

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Android S/W Stack Runtime (Cont)

Dalvik Virtual Machine (Cont)

Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format

.dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint. Compilation

Relying on the Linux Kernel for:


Threading Low-level memory management


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Android S/W Stack Linux Kernel

Relying on Linux Kernel 2.6 for core system services


Memory and Process Management Network Stack Driver Model Security

Providing an abstraction layer between the H/W and the rest of the S/W stack
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