Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 1K views

    Section of Solids

    Uploaded by

    Suneel Kumar Meena
    The document discusses sectioning of solids and provides examples of sectioning various solids like cubes, prisms, cones, and pyramids. It defines sectioning as cutting a solid with an imaginary cutting plane and describes different types of cutting planes - perpendicular to reference planes, parallel to reference planes, and inclined to reference planes. It provides steps to draw sectional views and the true shape of the section. Several example problems are given with solutions showing how to section different solids and draw the required views.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Section of Solids

    Uploaded by

    Suneel Kumar Meena
    1K views25 pages
    The document discusses sectioning of solids and provides examples of sectioning various solids like cubes, prisms, cones, and pyramids. It defines sectioning as cutting a solid with an imaginary cutting plane and describes different types of cutting planes - perpendicular to reference planes, parallel to reference planes, and inclined to reference planes. It provides steps to draw sectional views and the true shape of the section. Several example problems are given with solutions showing how to section different solids and draw the required views.

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses sectioning of solids and provides examples of sectioning various solids like cubes, prisms, cones, and pyramids. It defines sectioning as cutting a solid with an imaginary cutting plane and describes different types of cutting planes - perpendicular to reference planes, parallel to reference planes, and inclined to reference planes. It provides steps to draw sectional views and the true shape of the section. Several example problems are given with solutions showing how to section different solids and draw the required views.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    1K views25 pages

    Section of Solids

    Uploaded by

    Suneel Kumar Meena
    The document discusses sectioning of solids and provides examples of sectioning various solids like cubes, prisms, cones, and pyramids. It defines sectioning as cutting a solid with an imaginary cutting plane and describes different types of cutting planes - perpendicular to reference planes, parallel to reference planes, and inclined to reference planes. It provides steps to draw sectional views and the true shape of the section. Several example problems are given with solutions showing how to section different solids and draw the required views.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 25
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are the different types of section planes and their definitions, as well as the steps to draw sectional views and determine the true shape of a section based on the characteristics of the cutting plane.

    There are four main types of section planes that can be used: 1) perpendicular to one principal plane, 2) parallel to one principal plane, 3) perpendicular or inclined to reference planes, and 4) inclined to principal planes.

    The main steps to draw sectional views of an object are: draw projections of the object, draw the cutting plane, locate intersection points, project points to other views, join points to form apparent shape, and add section lines.

    Sections of Solids

    EXAMPLE : Advantage of using a section view.

    SECTIONING A SOLID. An object ( here a solid ) is cut by some imaginary cutting plane, which may be perpendicular to one principle plane, parallel, perpendicular or inclined to other reference plane. to understand internal details of that object. A) Section Plane perpendicular to Vp and inclined to Hp. ( This is a definition of an Aux. Inclined Plane i.e. A.I.P.) NOTE:- This section plane appears as a straight line in FV. B) Section Plane perpendicular to Hp and inclined to Vp. ( This is a definition of an Aux. Vertical Plane i.e. A.V.P.) NOTE:- This section plane appears as a straight line in TV. Remember:1. After launching a section plane either in FV or TV, the part towards observer is assumed to be removed. 2. As far as possible the smaller part is assumed to be removed.

    The action of cutting is called SECTIONING a solid & The plane of cutting is called SECTION PLANE.

    OBSERVER ASSUME UPPER PART REMOVED

    (A)

    (B)

    ASSUME LOWER PART REMOVED OBSERVER

    Based on the characteristics of sectioning plane true shape of section will vary

    Section Parallel Circle to the base

    Section Plane Triangle Ellipse Section Planes Parallel Section Plane to end generator. Through Apex Through Opposite Generators (except parallel)

    Ellipse

    Trapezium

    Section Plane Hyperbola Cutting generator & base on same side

    Cylinder through generators.

    Sq. Pyramid through all slant edges

    ILLUSTRATION SHOWING IMPORTANT TERMS IN SECTIONING.

    For TV

    SECTION PLANE

    TRUE SHAPE Of SECTION


    x y

    Apparent Shape of section


    SECTION LINES (450 to XY)

    SECTIONAL T.V.

    How to draw section views


    Draw the projections of a given solid using thin lines in both of the views (top & front), in uncut condition. Draw the cutting plane as straight line as per the conditions. i.e. perpendicular to H.P & parallel to V.P, perpendicular to V.P and parallel to H.P), inclined at degree above of XY (cutting plane is perpendicular to V.P & inclined to the H.P plane) and inclined at degree below of XY line or in top view (cutting plane is perpendicular to H.P & inclined at to V.P). Locate the points common between the cutting plane line and surface lines of the solid. Serially number the points starting from one end of the cutting plane and moving towards the other end (visible edges then invisible edges). Project these points on other view by drawing inter connecting projections and intersecting the concerned surface lines.

    Join the points obtained in previous step by continuous thick lines (curved lines in case cylindrical or conical surface or by straight line in other solids). The apparent section is completed by drawing cross hatching section lines)

    Section of Prisms

    Problem 1: A cube of 25 mm edge is resting on the base with two side faces inclined at 300 to the V.P. It is cut by the section plane parallel to the V.P and 10 mm from the axis. Draw the sectional front view and top view of the surface.

    Section plane parallel to V.P.

    Section plane perpendicular to the H.P and Inclined to the V.P


    Problem 2: A cube of 35 mm long edges is resting on the H.P on one of its faces with a vertical face inclined at 300 to the V.P. It is cut by a section, inclined at 600 to the V.P and perpendicular to the H.P, so that the face which makes 600 angle with the V.P is cut in two equal halves. Draw the sectional front view, top view and true shape of the section.

    a'

    d'

    2 b'

    c'

    x
    60

    30

    e'

    h' d h

    4 f'

    g'

    1 3

    g c

    a e
    1 2 4 4 f b

    Problem 3: A pentagonal prism , 30 mm base side & 50 mm axis is standing on Hp on its base whose one side is perpendicular to Vp. It is cut by a section plane 450 inclined to Hp, through mid point of axis. Draw Fv, sec.Tv & sec. Side view. Also draw true shape of section.
    C B D

    Y1

    Solution Steps:for sectional views: Draw three views of standing prism. Locate sec.plane in Fv as described. Project points where edges are getting Cut on Tv & Sv as shown in illustration. Join those points in sequence and show Section lines in it. Make remaining part of solid dark.

    d X1 e a
    e d

    c b

    For True Shape: a Draw x1y1 // to sec. plane Draw projectors on it from cut points. Mark distances of points of Sectioned part from Tv, on above projectors from x1y1 and join in sequence. Draw section lines in it. It is required true shape.

    c b

    Problem 4: A cube of 65 mm long edge has its vertical faces equally Inclined to the F.P. It is cut by the section plane, perpendicular to the F.P so that the true shape of the section is a regular hexagon. Determine the inclination of the cutting plane with the H.P and draw the sectional top view and true shape of the section.
    b a c 4 3 d

    Section plane cutting the mid point of edges of the cube. F T

    65
    f

    5,6

    21

    g e 5 a' e

    b' f'

    h d'

    1 g' c' 6

    Section of Cones

    Cone: Section plane parallel to the base of the cone .

    o'

    a'

    a1'

    A'

    B'

    a1

    Cone: Section plane passing through opposite generators (except parallel)

    o'

    A'

    B'

    Problem 5: Cone: A cone, 50 mm base diameter and 70 mm axis is standing on its base on Hp. It cut by a section plane 450 inclined to Hp through base end of end generator. Draw projections, sectional views, true shape of section and development of surfaces of remaining solid.

    Solution Steps:for sectional views: Draw three views of standing cone. Locate sec.plane in Fv as described. Project points where generators are getting Cut on Tv & Sv as shown in illustration.Join those points in sequence and show Section lines in it. Make remaining part of solid dark.

    Y1 o

    SECTIONAL S.V

    X1
    X

    a hb

    c g

    f d

    g
    For True Shape: Draw x1y1 // to sec. plane Draw projectors on it from cut points. Mark distances of points of Sectioned part from Tv, on above projectors from x1y1 and join in sequence. Draw section lines in it. It is required true shape. h

    g hf

    ae

    bd c

    f e

    a b
    SECTIONAL T.V

    d c

    Problem 6: Cone: A cone base 75 mm diameter and axis 100 m long, has its base on the HP. A section plane parallel to one of the end generators and perpendicular to the FP cuts the cone intersecting the axis at a point 75 mm from the base. Draw the sectional Top View and the true shape of the section.

    x1

    o'

    True shape of the section (parabola)

    100

    A'

    B' y1

    75

    Home Work: Repeat the same exercise for the cone, section plane cutting base and generator on same side

    Section of Pyramid

    Problem 7: Pyramid: Pentagonal pyramid has its base 30 mm and height 65 mm. Section plan is 25 mm above from the base.

    Problem 8: Pyramid: A square pyramid, base 40 mm side and axis 65 mm long, has its base on the H.P And all the edges of the base equally inclined to the V.P. It is cut by a section plane, perpendicular to the V.P, inclined at 450 to the H.P and bisecting the axis. Draw its sectional top view and true shape of the section.

    o'

    3 2 4 65 mm 2 1

    d' a' b' d

    1 c'

    4 a o 1 c

    o 2

    21

    Problem 9: Pyramid: A pentagonal pyramid (side of base = 50 mm and height = 100 mm) is resting on its base on the ground with axis parallel to frontal plane and perpendicular to the top plane. One of the sides of the base is closer and parallel to the frontal plane. A vertical section plane cuts the pyramid at a distance of 15 mm from the axis with section plane making an angle of 500 with FP. Draw the remaining part of the pyramid and the true shape of the cut section (Solve problem in third quadrant).

    Method for locating the point from the base of pyramid to its front view

    You might also like