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BETATRON

The betatron is a cyclic particle accelerator that uses changing magnetic fields to accelerate electrons in a circular path. It functions similarly to a step-up transformer, inducing higher energy in electrons through magnetic induction. Early betatrons were able to accelerate electrons up to 300 MeV for applications in particle physics experiments and producing energetic x-rays or gamma rays. However, the maximum energy attainable is limited by the strength of the magnetic field and size of the magnet core.

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Mhaithan Hernandez Caliuag
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419 views8 pages

BETATRON

The betatron is a cyclic particle accelerator that uses changing magnetic fields to accelerate electrons in a circular path. It functions similarly to a step-up transformer, inducing higher energy in electrons through magnetic induction. Early betatrons were able to accelerate electrons up to 300 MeV for applications in particle physics experiments and producing energetic x-rays or gamma rays. However, the maximum energy attainable is limited by the strength of the magnetic field and size of the magnet core.

Uploaded by

Mhaithan Hernandez Caliuag
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BETATRON

What is a betatron?
A cyclic particle accelerator develop by Donald Kerst to accelerate electrons Word derives from B-particles

Circuit equivalent of a step-up transformer

First important machine for producing high energy electrons

Betatron principle
Using Amperes law ( = radius of a beam pipe)

E . ds - d dt
E =-1 2 d = 1 d 2 dt dt B = 2 d dt B

Using Newtons law , we obtain for the final particle momentum

d (mv) = - qE = q d B dt 2 dt

mv = 1 q B 2

Because the motion is perpendicular to the magnetic field, we have

mv = qvB()

mv = qpB()

Where we find that according to the betatron principle, the relation between the field B () at the orbit P and the average field is

B () = B

Application
Provide high energy beams of electron up to about 300 MeV (particle physics). The betatron can be used as a source of energetic x-rays or gamma rays

Provide electrons can be converted into neutrons by a target to provide prompt initiation of some nuclear weapons

Limitations
The maximum energy that a betatron can impart is limited by the strength of the magnetic field due to the saturation of iron and by practical size of the magnet core

Thank you!

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