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Uid-Graphical System Advatages

Graphical user interfaces have several advantages over text-based systems including that symbols are recognized faster than text, they allow for faster learning and use, and provide immediate feedback. However, graphical systems also have disadvantages such as greater design complexity and not all users preferring their interaction style. A graphical interface utilizes visual presentations with windows, icons, menus, and pointers for pick-and-click interaction. Objects and their relationships are also important aspects of graphical user interfaces.

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Suganya Natarajan
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696 views21 pages

Uid-Graphical System Advatages

Graphical user interfaces have several advantages over text-based systems including that symbols are recognized faster than text, they allow for faster learning and use, and provide immediate feedback. However, graphical systems also have disadvantages such as greater design complexity and not all users preferring their interaction style. A graphical interface utilizes visual presentations with windows, icons, menus, and pointers for pick-and-click interaction. Objects and their relationships are also important aspects of graphical user interfaces.

Uploaded by

Suganya Natarajan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Graphical system advantages

Symbols recognized faster than text Faster learning Faster use and problem solving Easier remembering More natural Fewer errors Increased feeling of control Immediate feedback

Graphical system advantages


Predictable system responses Easily reversible actions More attractive May consume less space Replaces national languages Easily augmented with text displays Low typing requirements

Graphical system disadvantages


Greater design complexity Learning still necessary Lack of experimentally-derived design guidelines Inconsistencies in technique and terminology Not always familiar Window manipulation requirements

Graphical system disadvantages


Production limitations Few tested icons exist Inefficient for touch typists Not always the preferred style of interaction Not always fastest style of interaction May consume more screen space Hardware limitations

Characteristics of the Graphical User Interface


Sophisticated Visual Presentation : [It is what people see on the screen] The objective is to reflect visually on the screen the real world of the user as realistically, meaningfully, simply, and clearly as possible. The sophistication of a graphical system permits displaying lines, including drawings and icons. It also permits the displaying of a variety of character fonts, including different sizes and styles. The meaningful interface elements : windows (primary, secondary, or dialog boxes) menus (menu bar, pull-down, pop-up, cascading) Icons (programs , files) assorted screen-based controls (text boxes, list boxes, combination boxes, settings, scroll bars, and buttons) a mouse pointer and cursor.

Pick-and-Click Interaction To identify a proposed action is commonly referred to as pick, the signal to perform an action as click. Restricted Set of Interface Options The array of alternatives available to the user is what is presented on the screen or what may be retrieved through what is presented on the screen, nothing less, and nothing more. This concept fostered the acronym WYSIWYG.

Visualization
Visualization is a cognitive process that allows people to understand information that is difficult to perceive, because it is either too voluminous or too abstract. The goal is not necessarily to reproduce a realistic graphical image, but to produce one that conveys the most relevant information. Effective visualizations can facilitate mental insights, increase productivity, and foster faster and more accurate use of data.

Object Orientation
A graphical system consists of objects and actions. Objects are what people see on the screen as a single unit. Classes of Objects:
Data objects, which present information Container objects to hold other objects Device objects, represent physical objects in the real world.

Objects relationships
Collections: simplest relationship- sharing a common aspect of objects. Constraints: stronger relationship changing an object in a set affects some other object in the set. Composites: significant relationship aggregation itself can be identified as an object.

Containers: object in which other object exist. Persistence: is the maintenance of a state once it is established An object state [window size, cursor location, scroll position] should always be automatically preserved when the user changes it

Properties or Attributes of Objects : Properties are the unique characteristics of an object. Properties help to describe an object and can be changed by users. Actions : People take actions on objects. Property/attribute specification sequence: The user selects an objectfor example, several words of text. The user then selects an action to apply to that object, such as the action BOLD. The selected words are made bold and will remain bold until selected and changed again.

Application versus Object or Data Orientation


An application-oriented approach takes an action: object approach, like this:

Action> 1. An application is opened (for example, word processing). Object> 2. A file or other object selected (for example, a memo). An object-oriented object: action approach does this: Object> 1. An object is chosen (a memo). Action> 2. An application is selected (word processing).

Views
Views are ways of looking at an objects information. 1. Composed: present information and objects contained within an object. 2. Contents: list the components of objects. 3. Settings: permit seeing and changing object properties. 4. Help: provide all the help functions.

Use of Recognition Memory: Continuous visibility of objects and actions encourages to eliminate out of sight, out of mind problem Concurrent Performance of Functions: Graphic systems may do two or more things at one time. Multiple programs may run simultaneously. When the system is not busy on a primary task, it may process background tasks (cooperative multitasking) When the appl are running truly separate tasks, the system may divide the processing power into time slice & allocate portions to each appl ( preemptive multitasking).

The Web User Interface


The design goal is to build a hierarchy of menus and pages that feels natural, is well structured, is easy to use, and is truthful. Web interface design is essentially the design of navigation and the presentation of information. Proper interface design is largely a matter of properly balancing the structure and relationships of menus, content, and other linked documents or graphics.

The Web User Interface


Web interface design is difficult for a number of reasons. The main issues concern information architecture and task flow, neither of which is easy to standardize. Difficult It is more difficult because of the availability of the various types of multimedia. users are ill defined & the users tools so variable in nature

The popularity of Web


It allows millions of people scattered across the globe to communicate, access information, publish, and be heard. It allows people to control much of the display and the rendering of Web pages. Web usage has reflected this popularity. The number of Internet hosts has risen dramatically.

Users have become much more discerning about good design. Slow download times Confusing navigation Confusing page organization Disturbing animation

Printed Pages versus Web Pages


Page size Page rendering Page layout Page resolution Page navigation Interactivity Page independence:

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